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  | Translate: 翻译：               Security agreements mean Iraq occupation will continue to 2012 and beyond安全协议意味着伊拉克的占领将继续到2012年及以后 Thursday, December 4th, 2008 星期四， 08年12月4日
By通过 James Cogan詹姆斯科甘 | For more than five-and-a-half years, and at the cost of the lives of at least one million Iraqis and over 4,200 Americans, the US has occupied Iraq and repressed all opposition to its presence.超过五年半来，在成本的生命至少100万伊拉克人和超过4200的美国人，美国已经占领伊拉克和压制所有反对它的存在。 The Iraqi parliament’s ratification of a status of forces agreement and “Strategic Framework” with the US on November 27 ensures the ongoing occupation of the country and formalises its status as a US client state.伊拉克议会批准了部队地位协定和“战略框架”与美国11月27日确保正在进行的占领，并成为正式的国家地位，美国客户的状态。 The status of forces goes into effect on January 1, the same day a United Nations mandate expires, and provides a legal framework for American operations inside Iraq until December 31, 2011.部队地位的正式生效1月1日，同一天，联合国的任务期限，并提供了法律框架，美国在伊拉克境内活动，直到2011年12月31号。 President-elect Barack Obama has put his stamp of approval on the new arrangements.当选总统奥巴马把他的邮票批准新的安排。 With the armed resistance largely drowned in blood, US combat troops will pull back to some 400 fortified bases outside the country’s population centres by the middle of next year.随着武装抵抗的主要是血液中溺水身亡，美军作战部队将后撤至约400森严的军事基地以外的国家的人口中心在明年年中。 The Iraqi government, however, can at any time request American military assistance in combat operations against “terrorists”, “outlaw groups” and “remnants of the former regime”.但伊拉克政府，可在任何时候要求美国军事援助的打击行动，打击“恐怖分子” ， “非法团体”和“遗留的前政权” 。 “Non-combat” components of the US military will provide “training, equipping, supporting, supplying and upgrading logistical systems” for the Iraqi security forces. “非战斗”的组成部分美军将提供“训练，装备，支持，供应和后勤系统升级”为伊拉克安全部队。 Iraq can also request “temporary support” from the US for the “surveillance and control of Iraqi air space”.伊拉克也可以要求“临时支持”来自美国的“监视和控制的伊拉克领空。 ” American troops and civilian contractors employed by the US Defense Department will continue to operate with full immunity from Iraqi law, except in the rare cases where they are off duty and off their bases.美军士兵和平民承包商雇用的美国国防部将继续运作，充分免受伊拉克法律，但在罕见的情况下，他们下班和关闭其基地。 The US occupation forces can continue to import and export equipment and goods, and move personnel in and out of the country without being subject to any taxes, custom charges or even inspection by Iraqi agencies.美国占领军可以继续进口和出口设备和货物，并在人员进出该国不受任何税，自订收费，甚至检查伊拉克机构。 Civilian security companies contracted by foreign embassies, aid agencies and Iraqi politicians will be stripped of immunity.民警保安公司签订合同的外国使馆，援助机构和伊拉克政界人士将被剥夺豁免权。 It is therefore expected that most non-Iraqi personnel will leave, forcing large numbers of mercenaries to look for contracts in Afghanistan or other potential war zones.因此，预计大多数非伊拉克人员将离开，迫使大批雇佣军的合同看在阿富汗或其他潜在的战区。 In the end, the agreements were supported by the two main Shiite fundamentalist parties in Maliki’s government—the Islamic Supreme Council of Iraq (ISCI) and Da’wa—as well as by the Kurdish nationalist parties and the Sunni-based Iraqi Accordance Front (IAF).最后，协议所支持的两个主要什叶派原教旨主义政党马利基政府，伊斯兰最高理事会伊拉克（ ISCI ）和达瓦党，以及库尔德民族主义政党和逊尼派的伊拉克和谐阵线（宇航联合会） 。 In all, 149 of the 275 legislators in the parliament voted in favour.总之， 149的275名议员在议会中投了赞成票。 Of the 35 who voted against, most were loyalists from the Shiite movement of cleric Moqtada al-Sadr. 35谁投反对票，大多数是由忠于什叶派运动教士萨德尔。 The remaining legislators either abstained or were not present.其余的议员都投了弃权票或不存在。 The Sunni support for the agreements was won through a range of political concessions by Maliki.逊尼派支持的协议获得通过一系列的政治让步，马利基。 A referendum will be held before July to give a popular endorsement to the pacts; amnesty will be offered to many of the estimated 25,000, predominantly Sunni detainees being held in US or Iraqi government prisons; and more of the Sunni Awakening Council militiamen recruited during the US military surge will be offered positions in the Iraqi army or public service.公民投票定于7月之前给大众认可的协议;大赦将提供给许多估计25000 ，主要是逊尼派囚犯被关押在美国或伊拉克政府监狱;和更多的逊尼派民兵觉醒安理会在招募美国军方激增将提供职位的伊拉克军队或公共服务。 The IAF’s acceptance was sufficient for the agreements to gain the implicit backing of the Shiite religious elite in Iraq, headed by Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani.印度空军的接受是不够的协议获得的隐性支持的什叶派宗教精英在伊拉克，由领袖西斯塔尼。 Sistani had appealed for unity on any pact with the US.西斯塔尼呼吁团结的任何协议，美国。 The primary concern of the clergy was that Sunni opposition could re-ignite a large-scale insurgency against the Shiite-dominated government.主要关注的神职人员是伊拉克反对派可能重新点燃了大规模打击叛乱的什叶派主导的政府。 Two aspects of the agreement also overcame the opposition of the Iranian regime, which is close to both ISCI and Da’wa.两方面的协议还克服了反对伊朗政权，这是接近双方ISCI和达瓦党。 US forces are prohibited from storing “weapons of mass destruction” such as nuclear weapons on Iraqi territory, or using its land, air or sea space to attack other states.美国军队被禁止储存“大规模杀伤性武器” ，如核武器的伊拉克领土上，或利用其土地，空中或海上空间攻击其他国家。 In another signal that Tehran hopes for better relations with the US after the inauguration of an Obama administration, a senior Iranian leader, Ahmad Jannati, hailed the agreements as “a very good decision by the Iraqi parliament”.在另一个信号，即伊朗希望更好地与美国的关系就职后的奥巴马管理，伊朗高级领导人艾哈迈德贾纳提，赞扬协定为“一个非常好的决定，伊拉克国民议会” 。 Da’wa, ISCI and the Sunni IAF—groupings that have directly collaborated with the US since the 2003 invasion—are all seeking to use the agreement to bolster their electoral fortunes ahead of provincial elections in January.达瓦， ISCI和逊尼派宇航联合会，集团的直接合作，与美国自2003年入侵，都设法利用该协议来巩固其未来的选举命运的省级选举在1月。 They are presenting their protracted negotiations with the Bush administration as a victory in securing a definite date for the end to the broadly hated foreign occupation.他们介绍他们的旷日持久的谈判与布什政府的胜利，确保一个明确的日期，结束了广泛的憎恨外国占领。 The agreement does state that “all United States forces shall withdraw from all Iraqi territory” by the end of 2011.该协议并指出， “所有美国部队将撤出所有在伊拉克领土”的2011年年底。 The barely disguised intent, however, is that the terms will be renegotiated beforehand to sanction an enduring American presence.几乎没有伪装的意图，但是，这两个词将重新事先制裁持久的美国的存在。 The associated “Strategic Framework Agreement,” which was signed between the Bush administration and the government of Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki on November 28, commits both parties to a “long term relationship in economic, diplomatic, cultural and security fields”.相关的“战略框架协定” ，这是签署了布什政府和政府总理马利基11月28日，即双方的“长期关系在经济，外交，文化和安全领域” 。 In three years time, the Iraqi security forces will still be incapable of conducting operations against significant insurgent activity without American support, let alone defending Iraq’s borders against potential regional rivals.在三年的时间，伊拉克安全部队将仍然无法开展行动，打击重大叛乱活动没有美国的支持，更不用说维护伊拉克的边界，防止潜在的区域对手。 The US occupation has not provided the Iraqi military with a modern air force, naval assets, modern tanks and artillery.美国占领没有提供伊拉克军队现代化空军，海军的资产，现代坦克和大炮。 A small number of advanced F-16 jet fighters and helicopters are due for delivery in 2011, but will require US personnel and maintenance systems.少数先进的F - 16喷气式战斗机和直升机，预计在2011年交货，但将要求美军人员和维修制度。 John Nagl, a retired US officer who assisted General David Petraeus draft the counter-insurgency plan applied in Iraq, told the Washington Post last month: “Everyone knows the Iraqi security forces are not going to be self-sufficient by 2011.约翰Nagl ，一个退休的美国官员谁协助彼得雷乌斯将军草案反叛乱计划适用于伊拉克，告诉华盛顿邮报上个月： “每个人都知道伊拉克安全部队将不会自给自足，到2011年。 There are going to be Americans helping Iraqis keep their F-16s in the air for at least a decade.” The Iraqi ministry of defence has stated that the earliest it will have an “independent” air force is 2020.将有美国帮助伊拉克人保持其F - 16战斗机在空中至少10年。 “伊拉克国防部已表示，最早将有一个”独立的“空军是2020年。 Moreover, in dealing with “external or internal threats,” the Strategic Framework sanctions the US to use “diplomatic, economic or military measures, or any other measure, to deter such a threat”.此外，在处理“外部或内部威胁， ”战略框架的制裁，美国使用“外交，经济或军事措施，或任何其他措施，以阻止这种威胁” 。 Not only does this imply an ongoing presence, the clause could be interpreted as overriding, under certain circumstances, the status of forces’ prohibitions on stationing nuclear weapons in Iraq or using the country to launch attacks elsewhere.这不仅意味着一个持续存在，该条款可以解释为压倒一切的，在某些情况下，部队地位的'禁止核武器驻扎在伊拉克或使用该国其他地区发动袭击。 For American personnel and the Iraqi people, therefore, US deployments to Iraq are far from coming to an end.对于美国的人员和伊拉克人民，因此，美国部署在伊拉克还远未结束。 Even with no major deterioration in the security situation, and after a substantial withdrawal by 2011 to reinforce the occupation of Afghanistan or conduct other operations, tens of thousands of troops will remain to garrison the major air bases the US has constructed at Balad, Al Asad, Tallil and other locations.即使没有发生重大安全局势恶化后，大量撤回到2011年，以加强对阿富汗的占领或进行其他活动，数以万计的部队将继续向驻军的主要空军基地，美国建造的巴拉德基地阿萨德，塔利尔和其他地点。 While not called “permanent bases,” the American military will be using these facilities for years to come.虽然不是所谓的“永久基地” ，美国军方将使用这些设施今后几年。 Have Your Say: Security agreements mean Iraq occupation will continue to 2012 and beyond 你说：安全协议意味着伊拉克的占领将继续到2012年及以后 Please read our请仔细阅读我们的 posting guidelines before posting张贴在发布前的指导方针 . 。 Alternatively或者 you can discuss this report 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