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Conselheiro dos E.U.: Waterboarding é tortura
Quinta-feira, novembro 1o, 2007
Por Leonard Doyle Quando as forças armadas dos E.U. treinam soldados para resistir a interrogação, usa uma técnica da tortura das idades médias, sabidas como “waterboarding”. Seu uso em suspeitos do terror em prisões secretas dos E.U. em torno do mundo veio ao symbolise o entusiasmo do nenhum-absurdo de administração de Bush para as técnicas questionando as mais ásperas. Embora waterboarding seja considerado tortura por sobre um século e as forças armadas dos E.U. sejam proibidas de a usar, o excesso da controvérsia seu uso continuando pelo CIA pode estar a ponto de descarrilhar a nomeação do candidato do presidente Bush para o Attorney General dos E.U. Michael Mukasey, um juiz federal aposentado de New York e um veteran dos diversos' experimentações do ida al-Qa, foi questionado por um comitê do Senate em terça-feira e recusado dizer se waterboarding era ilegal. Instead, chamou a técnica “repugnant a mim” e prometeu-a investigar mais mais se fosse confirmado no trabalho. Explicou que não poderia dizer ainda se a prática era ilegal porque não tinha sido instruído nos métodos secretos de interrogators dos E.U. e não quis pôr os oficiais do CIA que a usaram “no jeopardy legal pessoal”. Mesmo que o Congress proibisse waterboarding nas forças armadas dos E.U. em 2005, não fêz assim para o CIA. Em conseqüência, Sr. senators ditos Mukasey, era incerto se esta técnica ou outros métodos ásperos constituíram o tratamento “cruel, inumano ou degradando”. Suas respostas não satisfazizeram às democratas, entretanto, e sua aprovaçã0 articula-se agora sobre se é disposto dizer que o método da tortura está de encontro à lei dos E.U. Em um embarrassment mais adicional para o Sr. Bush ontem, Malcolm Nance, um conselheiro no terrorismo aos departamentos dos E.U. da segurança do Homeland, de operações especiais e de inteligência, denounced publicamente a prática. Revelou que waterboarding está usado em treinar na escola da sobrevivência, do Evasion, da resistência e do escape da marinha dos E.U. em San Diego, e reivindicado ter testemunhado e “centenas supervisionadas” de exercícios waterboarding. Embora este o último somente alguns minutos e ocorre sob a supervisão médica, ele concliu que “waterboarding é uma técnica da tortura? período”. A prática envolve prender com correias a pessoa que interrogated sobre a uma placa enquanto as pintas da água são forçadas em seus pulmões através de um pano que cobre sua cara quando a boca da vítima for forçada abre. Its effect, according to Mr Nance, is a process of slow-motion suffocation. Typically, a victim goes into hysterics on the board as water fills his lungs. “How much the victim is to drown,” Mr Nance wrote in an article for the Small Wars Journal, “depends on the desired result and the obstinacy of the subject. “A team doctor watches the quantity of water that is ingested and for the physiological signs which show when the drowning effect goes from painful psychological experience to horrific, suffocating punishment, to the final death spiral. For the uninitiated, it is horrifying to watch.” The CIA director Michael Hayden has tried to defuse the controversy. He claims that, since 2002, aggressive interrogation methods in which a prisoner believes he is about to die have been used on only about 30 of the 100 al-Qai’da suspects being held by the US. Meanwhile, a CIA official told The New York Times waterboarding had only been used three times. The Bush administration has suggested that the interrogation of al-Qai’da’s second-in-command, Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, was a success thanks to the technique, and used this to justify continued aggressive interrogations of suspects in secret CIA prisons. While US media reports typically state that waterboarding involves “simulated drowning”, Mr Nance explained that “since the lungs are actually filling with water”, there is nothing simulated about it. “Waterboarding,” he said, “is slow-motion suffocation with enough time to contemplate the inevitability of blackout and expiration. When done right, it is controlled death.” Mr Nance said US troops were trained to withstand waterboarding, watched by a doctor, a psychologist, an interrogator and a backup team. “When performed with even moderate intensity over an extended time on an unsuspecting prisoner ? it is torture, without doubt,” he added. “Most people cannot stand to watch a high-intensity, kinetic interrogation. One has to overcome basic human decency to endure watching or causing the effects. The brutality would force you into a personal moral dilemma between humanity and hatred. It would leave you to question the meaning of what it is to be an American.” Mr Mukasey’s nomination goes before the Senate next week. Three Democratic presidential candidates, including Hillary Clinton, have already said they will not support him. However, the White House said yesterday that it did not believe his nomination was in jeopardy. ‘I felt I was drowning and I was in terrible agony’ Henri Alleg, a journalist, was tortured in 1957 by French forces in Algeria. He described the ordeal of water torture in his book The Question. Soldiers strapped him over a plank, wrapped his head in cloth and positioned it beneath a running tap. He recalled: “The rag was soaked rapidly. Water flowed everywhere: in my mouth, in my nose, all over my face. But for a while I could still breathe in some small gulps of air. I tried, by contracting my throat, to take in as little water as possible and to resist suffocation by keeping air in my lungs for as long as I could. But I couldn’t hold on for more than a few moments. I had the impression of drowning, and a terrible agony, that of death itself, took possession of me. In spite of myself, all the muscles of my body struggled uselessly to save me from suffocation. In spite of myself, the fingers of both my hands shook uncontrollably. ‘That’s it! He’s going to talk,’ said a voice. The water stopped running and they took away the rag. I was able to breathe. In the gloom, I saw the lieutenants and the captain, who, with a cigarette between his lips, was hitting my stomach with his fist to make me throw out the water I had swallowed.” From: Alleg, Henri, The Question, University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln: 2006; original French edition ? 1958 by Editions de Minuit Have Your Say: US advisor: Waterboarding is torture Please read our posting guidelines before posting. Alternatively you can discuss this report here. Related News
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