RINF.COM: АЛТЕРНАТИВА ПОСЛЕДНИЕ НОВОСТИ
Суббота 25-ое июль 2008
RINF.COM: АЛТЕРНАТИВА ПОСЛЕДНИЕ НОВОСТИ
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ПОСЛЕДНИЕ НОВОСТИ |
США: Права уважения Detainees ребенка в Ираке
Вторник 26-ое мая 2008 Обсудите этот рапорт в форумах RINF >
Военные власти США, работая как многонациональные силы в Ираке, 12-ого мая 2008 держали 513 иракских детей как «повелительных угроз безопасности,» и переносили неизвестное количество других детей к иракскому custody. Согласно недавнему рапорту полетом помощи Организации Объединенных Наций в Ирак (UNAMI), дети в иракском custody в опасности физического злоупотребления. «В конфликтах где оно сразу не включилось, США были руководителем в помогая ребенке, котор воины re-enter общество,» сказал Clarisa Bencomo, исследователя детей Ближнего Востока на вахте прав человека. «То вроде водительство несчастливо пропускает в Ираке.» 22-ого мая, комитет ООН на правах ребенка встречает в Geneva для того чтобы рассмотреть соответствие США с факультативный протокол на детях в вооруженном конфликте, которое США ратифицировали в 2002. Договор запрещает рекрутство и пользу людей под 18 в враждебностях любой партией к конфликту, и требует, что положения обеспечивают всю соотвествующую помощь для физического и психологического спасения и социальную реинтеграцию таких детей под их подсудностью или управлением. С 2003, США задерживали некоторые 2.400 детей в Ираке, включая детенышей детей как как 10. Тарифы задержанием подняли drastically в 2007 к среднему 100 новых детей месяц от 25 месяц в 2006. США держат большинств детей на Cropper лагеря США в Baghdad, но также держали детей на главным образом средстве задержанием США воинском, лагере Bucca около Basra. Права человека должностных лиц США earlier this year сказанные наблюдают что они отделяют детей от взрослых на этих средствах но не отделяют очень детенышей или определенно уязвимых детей от других detainees ребенка. In early 2007, a 17-year-old boy was reportedly strangled to death by a fellow child detainee at Camp Cropper. Child detainees, no differently from adults, may be interrogated over the course of days or weeks by military units in the field before being sent to the main detention centers. They have no real opportunity to challenge their detention: earlier this year US officials told Human Rights Watch that children are not provided with lawyers and do not attend the one-week or one-month detention reviews after their transfer to Camp Cropper. In addition, children have very limited contact with their families. While the US does assign each child a military “advocate” at the mandatory six-month detention review, that advocate has no training in juvenile justice or child development. As of February 2008, the reported average length of detention for children was more than 130 days, and some children have been detained for more than a year without charge or trial, in violation of the Coalition Provisional Authority memorandum on criminal procedures. That memorandum’s section on “security internee process” states, “Any person under the age of 18 interned at any time shall in all cases be released not later than 12 months after the initial date of internment.” “The vast majority of children detained in Iraq languish for months in US military custody,” Bencomo said. “The US should provide these children with immediate access to lawyers and an independent judicial review of their detention.” In August 2007, the United States opened Dar al-Hikmah (House of Wisdom) at Camp Cropper with the stated intention to provide 600 detainees, ranging in age from 11 to 17, with educational services pending release or transfer to Iraqi custody. However, in May 2008, US military officials in Baghdad told Human Rights Watch that only “200 to 300″ of the 513 child detainees were enrolled in classes at Dar al-Hikmah. Currently, children who are excluded from the program do not receive any other educational services. Like adults, children transferred to Iraqi custody are at risk of abuse and poor conditions of confinement. A US military official in Baghdad told Human Rights Watch this month that the US was delaying the transfer of 130 child detainees to Iraq’s al-Tobchi juvenile detention facility because of conditions there. The UN Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI) found that overcrowding at al-Tobchi was causing hygiene problems during visits in October and November 2007. At the time the facility was operating at close to double its normal capacity of 200 beds, and children were sharing beds or taking turns to sleep on the floor without mattresses. To date, the United States has not released statistics on the number of children it has transferred to Iraqi custody for trial. According to UNAMI, 89 children transferred from US to Iraqi custody had been convicted of offenses by December 2007. Between December 2007 and March 2008, there was a drop of 450 children in US custody, but the United States has not made known whether they were released or transferred to Iraqi custody. Human Rights Watch calls on US military forces in Iraq to: • Ensure children in its custody receive prompt access to independent legal assistance and family visits; Background Since the declared end of the US occupation of Iraq in June 2004, detained persons should be provided due process under international human rights law. Security Council Resolution 1546 and its successors allow for internment of Iraqis “for imperative reasons of security.” However, the United States improperly uses this language to justify holding the detainees without judicial review and other basic rights, as if the operative law were the Fourth Geneva Convention on the treatment of civilians during international armed conflict. Human rights law, as found in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, requires that all persons arrested be brought promptly before a judge, have access to legal counsel and family members, be charged with a cognizable criminal offense, and receive a prompt trial meeting international fair trial standards. It also requires states to provide every child “such measures of protection as are required by his status as a minor.” Under international juvenile justice standards, children accused of criminal offenses must have access to specialized juvenile justice systems, with specially trained judges, prosecutors, and attorneys working in a framework of restorative justice and social rehabilitation. The arrest and detention of a child must be used only as a measure of last resort and for the shortest appropriate period of time. Detained children should be separated from adults, and are entitled to prompt access to legal and other appropriate assistance in challenging detention. Discuss this report in the RINF forums > Have Your Say: US: Respect Rights of Child Detainees in Iraq This entry was posted on Monday, May 26th, 2008 at 8:43 pm and is filed under General, War & Terrorism News . You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site. |
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Вахта прав человека | Усилия США в Ираке должны обеспечить что дети, котор он принимает в custody обработаны согласно их состоянию как дети, и, котор дали проворным судебным просмотрению и доступу к независимо мониторам, вахте прав человека сказанному сегодня. 22-ого мая, комитет ООН на правах ребенка встречает в Geneva для того чтобы рассмотреть соответствие США с международным договором запрещая пользу воинов ребенка, которая требует, что положения помогают с спасением и реинтеграцией таких детей под их управлением.
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