UK ready to scrap killer cluster bombs英國準備放棄殺手的集束炸彈
By通過 Richard Norton-Taylor 理查德諾頓-泰勒 | The government is preparing to scrap Britain’s entire arsenal of cluster bombs in the face of a growing clamour against weapons that have killed and maimed hundreds of innocent civilians. |政府正準備放棄英國的整個阿森納的集束炸彈，在面對越來越大聲疾呼，打擊武器已死亡和致殘了數以百計的無辜平民。
Officials are paving the way for the unexpected and radical step at talks in Dublin on an international treaty aimed at a worldwide ban on the bombs.官員鋪平了道路意想不到的和激進的步驟，在會談在都柏林就一項國際條約，目的是在全球禁止炸彈。
Well-placed sources made clear yesterday that despite opposition from the military, the government is prepared to get rid of the cluster munitions in Britain’s armoury: the lsraeli-designed M85 artillery weapon used during the 2003 invasion of Iraq and in attacks on Lebanon two years ago; and the M73, part of a weapons system for Apache helicopters.以及放置的來源作出明確的昨天表示，儘管反對派從軍事，政府現正準備擺脫對集束彈藥，在英國的軍械庫： lsraeli設計m85砲兵武器用在2003年入侵伊拉克和在對黎巴嫩的攻擊兩年前和m73 ，一個組成部分，武器系統的阿帕奇直升機。
“The prime minister is very much behind this process and wants us to sign [the treaty]”, a senior Foreign Office source said yesterday. “首相是十分落後這一進程，並要我們簽署[條約] ” ，一位資深外事辦公室消息人士說，昨天。
Ireland, which is chairing the talks, wants a treaty text to be adopted tonight.愛爾蘭，這是主持會談，希望有一個條約案文將要通過的今晚。 “If we sign up to the treaty we will lose the M85 and the M73″, the source said. “如果我們簽署了該條約，我們就會失去m85和m73 ” ，消息人士說。 While the government appears happy for British forces to get rid of their M85 weapons immediately, it wants a “phasing out period” for its M73s.同時，政府似乎很樂意為美英聯軍擺脫他們的武器，立即m85 ，它要“逐步淘汰期” ，供其m73s 。
The agreement, expected to be confirmed today, ends a long-running Whitehall dispute which has pitted the Ministry of Defence against the FO and Department for International Development.該協議，預計將在今日證實，結束了長時間運行的白廳的爭端已pitted國防部的反對和國際發展部。 The MoD says the number of cluster bombs in the armoury is “operationally sensitive” but concedes that decommissioning them will cost tens of millions of pounds.英國國防部說，多枚集束炸彈，在軍械庫是“業務敏感” ，但承認他們的退役將耗資數千萬英鎊。
Participants in the talks were still embroiled last night in the vexed question of whether troops from countries who sign up to the ban could go on operations with those, notably the US, that do not.與會者在會談中仍然捲入昨晚，在棘手的問題是否部隊從國家誰簽署了這一禁令可以繼續下去的行動，這些，尤其是美國，不。 Preventing them from doing so could lead to breaches in other treaty commitments, notably involving Nato, and would have serious practical implications, British officials say.阻止他們這樣做可能導致違反在其他條約的承諾，尤其是涉及北約，並會產生嚴重的實際影響，英國官員說。 The government also wants to allow the US to stockpile cluster weapons at American bases in the UK.政府也希望讓美國儲存的集束武器在美國的基地在英國。
Pressure would be applied on the US not to use its cluster weapons in joint operations with countries which had banned them, officials suggest.壓力將適用於對美國不使用它的集束武器的聯合行動中，與國家已禁止他們，官員建議。
Cluster weapons are highly controversial because they scatter small “bomblets” over a wide area.集束武器，是極具爭議性，因為他們分散的小“炸彈”廣域。 Many of them do not explode on impact and are activated later by civilians.他們中的許多不爆炸的影響和被激活後，由平民。 They caused more than 200 civilian casualties in the year after the Lebanon ceasefire, and more civilian casualties in Iraq in 2003 and Kosovo in 1999 than any other weapon system.他們所造成的200多名平民傷亡，在一年後，黎巴嫩停火協議，並在更多的平民傷亡，在伊拉克於2003年和1999年科索沃比任何其他武器系統。
The M85 was fired by British troops around Basra during the invasion of Iraq.該m85被解僱，由英國軍隊在靠近巴士拉入侵伊拉克。 According to the MoD, they made a “direct contribution to saving the lives of UK service personnel”.根據國防部的資料，他們作出了“直接的貢獻，挽救的生命，英國服務人員” 。
The M73 rocket, part of the Apache’s weapons system, is fired from pods on the attack helicopters and can also be fitted to Harrier jets.該m73火箭，部分的Apache的武器系統，發射方式是從豆莢就攻擊直升機，也可以裝鷂式戰鬥機。 In its defence of their use, MoD officials have argued that they were “direct fire” weapons - in other words a pilot firing them can see the target - and that a single weapon had fewer than 10 “bomblets”.在其捍衛自己的使用，國防部官員辯稱，他們是“直接火”武器-在其他的話了一項試驗射擊，他們可以看到的目標-那一個單一的武器已不到10 “炸彈”。
However, that figure refers to the number in just one rocket pod, and an Apache can carry a total of 684 in its cluster weapons, campaigners say.不過，這個數字是指人數在短短的一火箭吊艙，和Apache的可攜帶共684在其集束武器，運動說。
Human rights groups campaigning for a ban on all cluster bombs said yesterday the planned treaty was being threatened by the refusal of the US to remove stocks from its airforce bases on UK territory.人權團體競選禁止所有集束炸彈昨天表示，計劃在條約受到威脅拒絕美國要刪除的股票，其空軍基地對英國的領土。
Simon Conway, a former soldier and the director of Landmine Action UK, said: “Gordon Brown has pushed the Dublin negotiations in the right direction.西蒙康威，一名前士兵和署署長地雷行動，英國，說： “財政大臣布朗曾經把都柏林的談判在正確的方向前進。 Now is the time for him to have the courage of his convictions and tell the US that it cannot store these outdated and indiscriminate weapons on UK soil.”現在是時候了，他有膽量對他的信念，並告訴美國，它不能儲存這些過時的武器和不分青紅皂白地對英國的土壤“ 。
Article 1 of the planned treaty, due to be signed in Oslo in early December, prohibits assistance with the use, transfer and stockpiling of cluster munitions.第1條所計劃的條約，即將在奧斯陸簽署在12月初，禁止援助與使用，轉讓和儲存的集束彈藥。 The US, Israel, Russia, China, India and Pakistan are not taking part in the talks.美國，以色列，俄羅斯，中國，印度和巴基斯坦是不參加了會談。
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