Top Bush aides pushed for Guantánamo torture頂端布什的助手被推為關塔那摩酷刑
Monday, April 21st, 2008 週一， 2008年4月21日
By通過 Brad DeLong布拉德德隆 | OGMB sends us to: | ogmb向我們發送到：
Top Bush aides pushed for Guantánamo torture頂端布什的助手被推為關塔那摩酷刑 : Senior officials bypassed army chief to introduce interrogation methods by Richard Norton-Taylor The Guardian, Saturday April 19 2008: America’s most senior general was “hoodwinked” by top Bush administration officials determined to push through aggressive interrogation techniques of terror suspects held at Guantánamo Bay, leading to the US military abandoning its age-old ban on the cruel and inhumane treatment of prisoners, the Guardian reveals today. ： 高級官員繞過陸軍參謀長提出的審訊方法 ，由理查德諾頓-泰勒的監護人，週六2008年4月19日：美國的最高級將領是“矇騙”的頂端，布什政府官員的決心，推動通過咄咄逼人的審訊技術的恐怖嫌犯舉行關塔那摩灣，導致美國軍方放棄其歷史悠久的關於禁止殘忍和不人道對待囚犯，監護人揭示了今天。 General Richard Myers, chairman of the US joint chiefs of staff from 2001 to 2005, wrongly believed that inmates at Guantánamo and other prisons were protected by the Geneva conventions and from abuse tantamount to torture.一般邁爾斯主席的美國參謀長聯席會議從2001年到2005年，錯誤地認為，囚犯在關塔那摩及其他監獄受日內瓦公約和免受虐待相當於酷刑。 The way he was duped by senior officials in Washington, who believed the Geneva conventions and other traditional safeguards were out of date, is disclosed in a devastating account of their role, extracts of which appear in today’s Guardian.的方式，他欺騙由政府高級官員在華盛頓，他認為，日內瓦公約和其他傳統的保障措施不合時宜，是透露，在毀滅性的帳戶，他們的作用，提取物，其中出現在今天的監護人。
In his new book, Torture Team, Philippe Sands QC, professor of law at University College London, reveals that:在他的新著，酷刑隊，菲利普砂御用大律師，法學教授在英國倫敦大學學院，顯示：
- Senior Bush administration figures pushed through previously outlawed measures with the aid of inexperienced military officials at Guantánamo.老布什政府的數字，推動通過以前取締的措施與援助，經驗尚淺的軍事官員在關塔那摩。
- Myers believes he was a victim of “intrigue” by top lawyers at the department of justice, the office of vice-president Dick Cheney, and at Donald Rumsfeld’s defence department.邁爾斯認為，他是一個受害者“陰謀”頂端的律師在律政司的意見，辦公室副總統切尼，並在拉姆斯菲爾德的國防部門。
- The Guantánamo lawyers charged with devising interrogation techniques were inspired by the exploits of Jack Bauer in the American TV series 24.關塔那摩的律師被控以制訂審訊技術受到啟發，利用該傑克鮑爾在美國的電視連續劇24 。
- Myers wrongly believed interrogation techniques had been taken from the army’s field manual.邁爾斯誤以為審問技術已經採取了從軍隊中的實地手冊。
The lawyers, all political appointees, who pushed through the interrogation techniques were Alberto Gonzales, David Addington and William Haynes.律師，所有政治任命官員，誰被推通過審訊技術部長岡薩雷斯，大衛阿丁頓和威廉海恩斯。 Also involved were Doug Feith, Rumsfeld’s under-secretary for policy, and Jay Bybee and John Yoo, two assistant attorney generals.也涉及道格費思，拉姆斯菲爾德的副秘書長，政策，和Jay bybee和約翰柳，兩名助理檢察長將領。 The revelations have sparked a fierce response in the US from those familiar with the contents of the book, and who are determined to establish accountability for the way the Bush administration violated international and domestic law by sanctioning prisoner abuse and torture.啟示已引發了激烈的反應，在美國從那些熟悉的內容，這本書，和那些決心建立問責制的方式，布什政府違反了國際和國內法制裁所虐俘和酷刑。 The Bush administration has tried to explain away the ill-treatment of detainees at Guantánamo Bay and Abu Ghraib prison in Iraq by blaming junior officials.布什政府一直試圖解釋遠離虐待被拘留者的待遇在關塔那摩灣和阿布格萊布監獄在伊拉克的指責低級官員。 Sands’ book establishes that pressure for aggressive and cruel treatment of detainees came from the top and was sanctioned by the most senior lawyers.金沙書確定的壓力，侵略和殘酷的被拘留者的待遇來自頂部和制裁是由最資深的律師。
Myers was one top official who did not understand the implications of what was being done.邁爾斯是一高級官員不了解的影響，正在採取什麼措施。 Sands, who spent three hours with the former general, says he was “confused” about the decisions that were taken.金沙，他們花了三個小時，與前將軍說，他是“混淆了”關於決定採取。 Myers mistakenly believed that new techniques recommended by Haynes and authorised by Rumsfeld in December 2002 for use by the military at Guantánamo had been taken from the US army field manual.邁爾斯錯誤地認為，新技術的建議，海恩斯和授權的拉姆斯菲爾德在2002年12月使用的軍事在關塔那摩已經採取了由美國陸軍實地手冊。 They included hooding, sensory deprivation, and physical and mental abuse.它們包括戴頭罩，剝奪的感覺，身體和精神虐待。 “As we worked through the list of techniques, Myers became increasingly hesitant and troubled,” writes Sands. “由於我們的工作，通過名單技術，邁爾斯變得越來越猶豫和不安， ”寫砂。 “Haynes and Rumsfeld had been able to run rings around him.” “海恩斯和拉姆斯菲爾德已能運行環身邊的” 。
Myers and his closest advisers were cut out of the decision-making process.邁爾斯和他最親密的顧問，被切斷了的決策過程。 He did not know that Bush administration officials were changing the rules allowing interrogation techniques, including the use of dogs, amounting to torture.他不知道布什政府官員們改變規則，允許審訊手段，包括使用狗，相當於酷刑。 “We never authorised torture, we just didn’t, not what we would do,” Myers said. “我們從來沒有授權的酷刑，我們沒有，沒有什麼，我們會做的事情， ”邁爾斯說。 Sands comments: “He really had taken his eye off the ball … he didn’t ask too many questions … and kept his distance from the decision-making process.”金沙評論說： “他真的採取了他的眼睛小康球…他沒有問太多的問題… …和他保持距離，決策過程” 。
Larry Wilkerson, a former army officer and chief of staff to Colin Powell, US secretary of state at the time, told the Guardian: “I do know that Rumsfeld had neutralised the chairman [Myers] in many significant ways.拉里威爾克森，一名前陸軍軍官和參謀總長，以國務卿鮑威爾，美國國務卿賴斯在時間，告訴衛報： “我確實知道，拉姆斯菲爾德已瓦解主席[美]在許多重要方面。 The secretary did this by cutting [Myers] out of important communications, meetings, deliberations and plans.局長這樣做削減[邁爾斯]走出重要的通訊，會議，商議和部署上來。 At the end of the day, however, Dick Myers was not a very powerful chairman in the first place, one reason Rumsfeld recommended him for the job”.在這一天結束，不過，迪克邁爾斯是不是一個非常強大的主席擺在首位，其中一個原因，拉姆斯菲爾德建議，他的工作“ 。 He added: “Haynes, Feith, Yoo, Bybee, Gonzalez and - at the apex - Addington, should never travel outside the US, except perhaps to Saudi Arabia and Israel.他補充說： “海恩斯，費思，柳， bybee ，岡薩雷斯和-在頂峰-阿丁頓，絕不應旅行在美國以外的，除可能是沙特阿拉伯和以色列。 They broke the law; they violated their professional ethical code.他們觸犯了法律，他們侵犯了他們的專業倫理守則。 In future, some government may build the case necessary to prosecute them in a foreign court, or in an international court.”在未來，一些政府可能會建立案件要起訴他們在一個外國法院，或在一個國際法庭“ 。
Impeach George W. Bush.彈劾布什。 Impeach Richard Cheney.彈劾理查德切尼。 Impeach all present and former members of their personal staffs.彈劾所有現任和前任成員，其個人的工作人員。 Impeach Gonzales, Addington, Haynes, Feith, Bybee, and Yoo.彈劾岡薩雷斯，阿丁頓，海恩斯，費思， bybee ，和柳。 Impeach every present and former cabinet and subcabinet official in the Bush administration.每彈劾現任和前任內閣和subcabinet官方在布什政府。
Do it now.現在就這樣做。
Newshiggers Report Below newshiggers報告下面 : ：
The former chairman of the joint chiefs of staff,前任主席，參謀長聯席會議， General Richard Myers, was bypassed and given the runaround by Bush administration officials一般邁爾斯，是繞過並考慮到現場的，由布什政府官員 keen to implement torture of detainees but worried that Myers would object, according to the Guardian today.熱衷於執行被拘留者施加酷刑，但擔心邁爾斯會反對，據衛報今天。
General Richard Myers, chairman of the US joint chiefs of staff from 2001 to 2005, wrongly believed that inmates at Guantánamo and other prisons were protected by the Geneva conventions and from abuse tantamount to torture.一般邁爾斯主席的美國參謀長聯席會議從2001年到2005年，錯誤地認為，囚犯在關塔那摩及其他監獄受日內瓦公約和免受虐待相當於酷刑。
The way he was duped by senior officials in Washington, who believed the Geneva conventions and other traditional safeguards were out of date, is disclosed in a devastating account of their role, extracts of which appear in today’s Guardian.的方式，他欺騙由政府高級官員在華盛頓，他認為，日內瓦公約和其他傳統的保障措施不合時宜，是透露，在毀滅性的帳戶，他們的作用，提取物，其中出現在今天的監護人。
In his new book, Torture Team, Philippe Sands QC, professor of law at University College London, reveals that:在他的新著，酷刑隊，菲利普砂御用大律師，法學教授在英國倫敦大學學院，顯示：
· Senior Bush administration figures pushed through previously outlawed measures with the aid of inexperienced military officials at Guantánamo.老布什政府的數字，推動通過以前取締的措施與援助，經驗尚淺的軍事官員在關塔那摩。
· Myers believes he was a victim of “intrigue” by top lawyers at the department of justice, the office of vice-president Dick Cheney, and at Donald Rumsfeld’s defence department.邁爾斯認為，他是一個受害者“陰謀”頂端的律師在律政司的意見，辦公室副總統切尼，並在拉姆斯菲爾德的國防部門。
· The Guantánamo lawyers charged with devising interrogation techniques were inspired by the exploits of Jack Bauer in the American TV series 24.關塔那摩的律師被控以制訂審訊技術受到啟發，利用該傑克鮑爾在美國的電視連續劇24 。
· Myers wrongly believed interrogation techniques had been taken from the army’s field manual.邁爾斯誤以為審問技術已經採取了從軍隊中的實地手冊。
Philippe Sands QC菲利普砂御用大律師 isn’t just any professor of law dabbling in instant punditry, by the way.不僅是任何法學教授涉足即時punditry ，由方式。 He’s Director of the Centre of International Courts and Tribunals at University College London and a member of the internationally renowned form of Matrix Chambers - definitely the A-Team.他的研究中心主任的國際性法院和法庭在倫敦大學學院的一員，國際知名的矩陣形式的商會-肯定是一個團隊。 He also personally interviewed most of the main players in the Bush administration for his book,他還親自採訪的大部分主要球員在布什政府為他的著作， including Myers包括邁爾斯 . 。
The first big decision was Geneva.第一個大的決定是日內瓦。 For historic, cultural and training reasons, Myers insisted that the Geneva conventions should apply, even to a rogue, lawless actor such as al-Qaida.由於歷史，文化和訓練的原因，邁爾斯堅持認為，日內瓦公約應適用於，甚至是一個流氓，不法的演員，如基地組織。 It became clear to me that Myers was a little confused about the decision that was actually taken.它成為我清楚知道，邁爾斯是一個不大的困惑的決定，實際上是採取的。 He claimed to be satisfied with the president’s decision of February 7 2002.他聲稱，很滿意總統的決定， 2002年2月7日。 “After all the arguments were done, the decision was, we don’t think it applies in a technical sense, but we’re going to behave as if it does.” That wasn’t what the president decided. “之後的所有論點做了，這項決定是，我們不認為它適用於在一個技術意義上說，但我們正在全力以赴的行為如果不” ，這不是什麼總統決定。
The actual decision distinguished between the Taliban - to whom Geneva applied, although detainees could not invoke rights under it because they were not wearing uniforms or insignia - and al-Qaida, to whom it didn’t apply at all because they were not a state.實際決定區分塔利班-向誰日內瓦的應用，雖然被拘留者不能援引下的權利，因為他們不是身穿制服或獎章-和基地組織，向誰，它並不適用於所有的，因為他們不是一個國家。 Had Myers understood what had been decided?邁爾斯已讀懂了什麼叫已決定呢？ Did he appreciate the consequences for interrogation techniques?他明白後果的審訊手段？ If the chairman of the joint chiefs of staff was confused, then inevitably soldiers in the field would also be confused.如果主席參謀長聯席會議混亂，那麼無可避免地士兵在該領域也將無所適從。 As one seasoned observer of military affairs put it to me, Myers was “well and truly hoodwinked”.作為一個經驗豐富的觀察員，軍事事務的把它給我，邁爾斯是“ ，以及真正受蒙蔽的” 。
So what did Myers think about the new techniques?因此，什麼邁爾斯認為，有關新技術呢？ “We thought, OK, all the techniques came out of the book, there weren’t any techniques invented.” I stopped him. “我們認為，確定，所有的技術出來，這本書，有沒有任何技術發明， ”我停止了他。
“Out of which book?” I asked. “出於哪一本書？ ”我問。
“Out of 34-52,” he replied. “走出34-52 ， ”他回答。 “I think all of these are in the manual.” They were not - not one of them. “我認為，所有這些都是在手冊中。 ”他們不是-不是其中之一。 “They aren’t?” he asked, surprised. “他們是不是？ ”他問，感到驚訝。 Not only that, but most of them violated Geneva’s Common Article 3.不僅如此，但他們大多數是違反了日內瓦的共同第3條。 Such an answer from the chairman of the joint chiefs surprised me.這樣回答，從首長聯席會議主席，我感到驚訝。
As we worked through the list of techniques, Myers became increasingly hesitant and troubled.作為我們的工作，通過名單技術，邁爾斯變得越來越猶豫不決的困擾。 At forced grooming and dogs he became defensive.在被迫與狗培養他成為防禦性。 “Dogs were only to be present, never to be…” his words tailed off. “狗不僅要出席，從來沒有要… … ”他的話尾。 “When you see this, you say, holy mackerel,” he exclaimed. “當你看到這一點，你說，神聖的鯖魚， ”他感嘆。 “We never authorised torture, we just didn’t. “我們從來沒有授權的酷刑，我們只是沒有。 Not what we would do.” Little by little, my understanding of Myers’s role was becoming more focused.沒有什麼我們會做“ 。點點，我的理解，邁爾斯的作用是越來越集中。 He hadn’t pushed for these new techniques, but he didn’t resist them, either.他並沒有被推為這些新技術，但他並沒有抗拒，有的。 He didn’t inquire too deeply.他沒有詢問太深。
That’s just one part of a long excerpt from Sand’s book at The Guardian backing their main story.這只是其中一部分長期摘自砂的書在監護人的後盾，他們的主要故事。 It ends with a little bit of hope for those who would preserve the rule of law even against the most powerful politicians on earth - the incumbents of the American White House.結束與一點點希望，對於那些將維護法治，即使對最強大的政客對地球-現任美國白宮。
Parties to the international Torture Convention are required to investigate any person who is alleged to have committed torture.各方對國際酷刑公約須調查的任何人被控犯有酷刑。 If appropriate, they must then prosecute - or extradite the person to a place where he will be prosecuted.如果適當的，他們必須然後起訴-或引渡該人的地方，他會被檢控。 The Torture Convention is also more explicit than Geneva in that it criminalises any act that constitutes complicity or participation in torture.酷刑公約也更明確，比日內瓦，因為它為刑事罪的任何行為構成共犯或參與酷刑。 Complicity or participation could certainly be extended not only to the politicians and but also the lawyers involved in the condoning of the 18 techniques.共謀或參與當然可以延長，不僅向政治家和，但也是律師的參與，在縱容的18個技巧。
We may yet see these criminals in court one day - but not in America.我們還可能看到這些罪犯在法庭上一天-但不是在美國。
(Hat tip - Kat, our intrepid researcher) （帽子秘訣-吉，我們勇敢的研究員）
Update Oh look - the NYT editorial board 更新哦看看-紐約時報編輯部 finally noticed最後發現 that their President bragged about authorising torture.他們的總統吹噓授權酷刑。
See More: 看到更多的： Bush 布什 Guantanamo 關塔那摩 USA News 美國新聞Have Your Say: Top Bush aides pushed for Guantánamo torture 你說：頂端布什的助手被推為關塔那摩酷刑
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