Top Bush aides pushed for Guantánamo torture顶端布什的助手被推为关塔那摩酷刑
Monday, April 21st, 2008 周一， 2008年4月21日
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Top Bush aides pushed for Guantánamo torture顶端布什的助手被推为关塔那摩酷刑 : Senior officials bypassed army chief to introduce interrogation methods by Richard Norton-Taylor The Guardian, Saturday April 19 2008: America’s most senior general was “hoodwinked” by top Bush administration officials determined to push through aggressive interrogation techniques of terror suspects held at Guantánamo Bay, leading to the US military abandoning its age-old ban on the cruel and inhumane treatment of prisoners, the Guardian reveals today. ： 高级官员绕过陆军参谋长提出的审讯方法 ，由理查德诺顿-泰勒的监护人，周六2008年4月19日：美国的最高级将领是“蒙骗”的顶端，布什政府官员的决心，推动通过咄咄逼人的审讯技术的恐怖嫌犯举行关塔那摩湾，导致美国军方放弃其历史悠久的关于禁止残忍和不人道对待囚犯，监护人揭示了今天。 General Richard Myers, chairman of the US joint chiefs of staff from 2001 to 2005, wrongly believed that inmates at Guantánamo and other prisons were protected by the Geneva conventions and from abuse tantamount to torture.一般迈尔斯主席的美国参谋长联席会议从2001年到2005年，错误地认为，囚犯在关塔那摩及其他监狱受日内瓦公约和免受虐待相当于酷刑。 The way he was duped by senior officials in Washington, who believed the Geneva conventions and other traditional safeguards were out of date, is disclosed in a devastating account of their role, extracts of which appear in today’s Guardian.的方式，他欺骗由政府高级官员在华盛顿，他认为，日内瓦公约和其他传统的保障措施不合时宜，是透露，在毁灭性的帐户，他们的作用，提取物，其中出现在今天的监护人。
In his new book, Torture Team, Philippe Sands QC, professor of law at University College London, reveals that:在他的新著，酷刑队，菲利普砂御用大律师，法学教授在英国伦敦大学学院，显示：
- Senior Bush administration figures pushed through previously outlawed measures with the aid of inexperienced military officials at Guantánamo.老布什政府的数字，推动通过以前取缔的措施与援助，经验尚浅的军事官员在关塔那摩。
- Myers believes he was a victim of “intrigue” by top lawyers at the department of justice, the office of vice-president Dick Cheney, and at Donald Rumsfeld’s defence department.迈尔斯认为，他是一个受害者“阴谋”顶端的律师在律政司的意见，办公室副总统切尼，并在拉姆斯菲尔德的国防部门。
- The Guantánamo lawyers charged with devising interrogation techniques were inspired by the exploits of Jack Bauer in the American TV series 24.关塔那摩的律师被控以制订审讯技术受到启发，利用该杰克鲍尔在美国的电视连续剧24 。
- Myers wrongly believed interrogation techniques had been taken from the army’s field manual.迈尔斯误以为审问技术已经采取了从军队中的实地手册。
The lawyers, all political appointees, who pushed through the interrogation techniques were Alberto Gonzales, David Addington and William Haynes.律师，所有政治任命官员，谁被推通过审讯技术部长冈萨雷斯，大卫阿丁顿和威廉海恩斯。 Also involved were Doug Feith, Rumsfeld’s under-secretary for policy, and Jay Bybee and John Yoo, two assistant attorney generals.也涉及道格费思，拉姆斯菲尔德的副秘书长，政策，和Jay bybee和约翰柳，两名助理检察长将领。 The revelations have sparked a fierce response in the US from those familiar with the contents of the book, and who are determined to establish accountability for the way the Bush administration violated international and domestic law by sanctioning prisoner abuse and torture.启示已引发了激烈的反应，在美国从那些熟悉的内容，这本书，和那些决心建立问责制的方式，布什政府违反了国际和国内法制裁所虐俘和酷刑。 The Bush administration has tried to explain away the ill-treatment of detainees at Guantánamo Bay and Abu Ghraib prison in Iraq by blaming junior officials.布什政府一直试图解释远离虐待被拘留者的待遇在关塔那摩湾和阿布格莱布监狱在伊拉克的指责低级官员。 Sands’ book establishes that pressure for aggressive and cruel treatment of detainees came from the top and was sanctioned by the most senior lawyers.金沙书确定的压力，侵略和残酷的被拘留者的待遇来自顶部和制裁是由最资深的律师。
Myers was one top official who did not understand the implications of what was being done.迈尔斯是一高级官员不了解的影响，正在采取什么措施。 Sands, who spent three hours with the former general, says he was “confused” about the decisions that were taken.金沙，他们花了三个小时，与前将军说，他是“混淆了”关于决定采取。 Myers mistakenly believed that new techniques recommended by Haynes and authorised by Rumsfeld in December 2002 for use by the military at Guantánamo had been taken from the US army field manual.迈尔斯错误地认为，新技术的建议，海恩斯和授权的拉姆斯菲尔德在2002年12月使用的军事在关塔那摩已经采取了由美国陆军实地手册。 They included hooding, sensory deprivation, and physical and mental abuse.它们包括戴头罩，剥夺的感觉，身体和精神虐待。 “As we worked through the list of techniques, Myers became increasingly hesitant and troubled,” writes Sands. “由于我们的工作，通过名单技术，迈尔斯变得越来越犹豫和不安， ”写砂。 “Haynes and Rumsfeld had been able to run rings around him.” “海恩斯和拉姆斯菲尔德已能运行环身边的” 。
Myers and his closest advisers were cut out of the decision-making process.迈尔斯和他最亲密的顾问，被切断了的决策过程。 He did not know that Bush administration officials were changing the rules allowing interrogation techniques, including the use of dogs, amounting to torture.他不知道布什政府官员们改变规则，允许审讯手段，包括使用狗，相当于酷刑。 “We never authorised torture, we just didn’t, not what we would do,” Myers said. “我们从来没有授权的酷刑，我们没有，没有什么，我们会做的事情， ”迈尔斯说。 Sands comments: “He really had taken his eye off the ball … he didn’t ask too many questions … and kept his distance from the decision-making process.”金沙评论说： “他真的采取了他的眼睛小康球…他没有问太多的问题… …和他保持距离，决策过程” 。
Larry Wilkerson, a former army officer and chief of staff to Colin Powell, US secretary of state at the time, told the Guardian: “I do know that Rumsfeld had neutralised the chairman [Myers] in many significant ways.拉里威尔克森，一名前陆军军官和参谋总长，以国务卿鲍威尔，美国国务卿赖斯在时间，告诉卫报： “我确实知道，拉姆斯菲尔德已瓦解主席[美]在许多重要方面。 The secretary did this by cutting [Myers] out of important communications, meetings, deliberations and plans.局长这样做削减[迈尔斯]走出重要的通讯，会议，商议和部署上来。 At the end of the day, however, Dick Myers was not a very powerful chairman in the first place, one reason Rumsfeld recommended him for the job”.在这一天结束，不过，迪克迈尔斯是不是一个非常强大的主席摆在首位，其中一个原因，拉姆斯菲尔德建议，他的工作“ 。 He added: “Haynes, Feith, Yoo, Bybee, Gonzalez and - at the apex - Addington, should never travel outside the US, except perhaps to Saudi Arabia and Israel.他补充说： “海恩斯，费思，柳， bybee ，冈萨雷斯和-在顶峰-阿丁顿，绝不应旅行在美国以外的，除可能是沙特阿拉伯和以色列。 They broke the law; they violated their professional ethical code.他们触犯了法律，他们侵犯了他们的专业伦理守则。 In future, some government may build the case necessary to prosecute them in a foreign court, or in an international court.”在未来，一些政府可能会建立案件要起诉他们在一个外国法院，或在一个国际法庭“ 。
Impeach George W. Bush.弹劾布什。 Impeach Richard Cheney.弹劾理查德切尼。 Impeach all present and former members of their personal staffs.弹劾所有现任和前任成员，其个人的工作人员。 Impeach Gonzales, Addington, Haynes, Feith, Bybee, and Yoo.弹劾冈萨雷斯，阿丁顿，海恩斯，费思， bybee ，和柳。 Impeach every present and former cabinet and subcabinet official in the Bush administration.每弹劾现任和前任内阁和subcabinet官方在布什政府。
Do it now.现在就这样做。
Newshiggers Report Below newshiggers报告下面 : ：
The former chairman of the joint chiefs of staff,前任主席，参谋长联席会议， General Richard Myers, was bypassed and given the runaround by Bush administration officials一般迈尔斯，是绕过并考虑到现场的，由布什政府官员 keen to implement torture of detainees but worried that Myers would object, according to the Guardian today.热衷于执行被拘留者施加酷刑，但担心迈尔斯会反对，据卫报今天。
General Richard Myers, chairman of the US joint chiefs of staff from 2001 to 2005, wrongly believed that inmates at Guantánamo and other prisons were protected by the Geneva conventions and from abuse tantamount to torture.一般迈尔斯主席的美国参谋长联席会议从2001年到2005年，错误地认为，囚犯在关塔那摩及其他监狱受日内瓦公约和免受虐待相当于酷刑。
The way he was duped by senior officials in Washington, who believed the Geneva conventions and other traditional safeguards were out of date, is disclosed in a devastating account of their role, extracts of which appear in today’s Guardian.的方式，他欺骗由政府高级官员在华盛顿，他认为，日内瓦公约和其他传统的保障措施不合时宜，是透露，在毁灭性的帐户，他们的作用，提取物，其中出现在今天的监护人。
In his new book, Torture Team, Philippe Sands QC, professor of law at University College London, reveals that:在他的新著，酷刑队，菲利普砂御用大律师，法学教授在英国伦敦大学学院，显示：
· Senior Bush administration figures pushed through previously outlawed measures with the aid of inexperienced military officials at Guantánamo.老布什政府的数字，推动通过以前取缔的措施与援助，经验尚浅的军事官员在关塔那摩。
· Myers believes he was a victim of “intrigue” by top lawyers at the department of justice, the office of vice-president Dick Cheney, and at Donald Rumsfeld’s defence department.迈尔斯认为，他是一个受害者“阴谋”顶端的律师在律政司的意见，办公室副总统切尼，并在拉姆斯菲尔德的国防部门。
· The Guantánamo lawyers charged with devising interrogation techniques were inspired by the exploits of Jack Bauer in the American TV series 24.关塔那摩的律师被控以制订审讯技术受到启发，利用该杰克鲍尔在美国的电视连续剧24 。
· Myers wrongly believed interrogation techniques had been taken from the army’s field manual.迈尔斯误以为审问技术已经采取了从军队中的实地手册。
Philippe Sands QC菲利普砂御用大律师 isn’t just any professor of law dabbling in instant punditry, by the way.不仅是任何法学教授涉足即时punditry ，由方式。 He’s Director of the Centre of International Courts and Tribunals at University College London and a member of the internationally renowned form of Matrix Chambers - definitely the A-Team.他的研究中心主任的国际性法院和法庭在伦敦大学学院的一员，国际知名的矩阵形式的商会-肯定是一个团队。 He also personally interviewed most of the main players in the Bush administration for his book,他还亲自采访的大部分主要球员在布什政府为他的著作， including Myers包括迈尔斯 . 。
The first big decision was Geneva.第一个大的决定是日内瓦。 For historic, cultural and training reasons, Myers insisted that the Geneva conventions should apply, even to a rogue, lawless actor such as al-Qaida.由于历史，文化和训练的原因，迈尔斯坚持认为，日内瓦公约应适用于，甚至是一个流氓，不法的演员，如基地组织。 It became clear to me that Myers was a little confused about the decision that was actually taken.它成为我清楚知道，迈尔斯是一个不大的困惑的决定，实际上是采取的。 He claimed to be satisfied with the president’s decision of February 7 2002.他声称，很满意总统的决定， 2002年2月7日。 “After all the arguments were done, the decision was, we don’t think it applies in a technical sense, but we’re going to behave as if it does.” That wasn’t what the president decided. “之后的所有论点做了，这项决定是，我们不认为它适用于在一个技术意义上说，但我们正在全力以赴的行为如果不” ，这不是什么总统决定。
The actual decision distinguished between the Taliban - to whom Geneva applied, although detainees could not invoke rights under it because they were not wearing uniforms or insignia - and al-Qaida, to whom it didn’t apply at all because they were not a state.实际决定区分塔利班-向谁日内瓦的应用，虽然被拘留者不能援引下的权利，因为他们不是身穿制服或奖章-和基地组织，向谁，它并不适用于所有的，因为他们不是一个国家。 Had Myers understood what had been decided?迈尔斯已读懂了什么叫已决定呢？ Did he appreciate the consequences for interrogation techniques?他明白后果的审讯手段？ If the chairman of the joint chiefs of staff was confused, then inevitably soldiers in the field would also be confused.如果主席参谋长联席会议混乱，那么无可避免地士兵在该领域也将无所适从。 As one seasoned observer of military affairs put it to me, Myers was “well and truly hoodwinked”.作为一个经验丰富的观察员，军事事务的把它给我，迈尔斯是“ ，以及真正受蒙蔽的” 。
So what did Myers think about the new techniques?因此，什么迈尔斯认为，有关新技术呢？ “We thought, OK, all the techniques came out of the book, there weren’t any techniques invented.” I stopped him. “我们认为，确定，所有的技术出来，这本书，有没有任何技术发明， ”我停止了他。
“Out of which book?” I asked. “出于哪一本书？ ”我问。
“Out of 34-52,” he replied. “走出34-52 ， ”他回答。 “I think all of these are in the manual.” They were not - not one of them. “我认为，所有这些都是在手册中。 ”他们不是-不是其中之一。 “They aren’t?” he asked, surprised. “他们是不是？ ”他问，感到惊讶。 Not only that, but most of them violated Geneva’s Common Article 3.不仅如此，但他们大多数是违反了日内瓦的共同第3条。 Such an answer from the chairman of the joint chiefs surprised me.这样回答，从首长联席会议主席，我感到惊讶。
As we worked through the list of techniques, Myers became increasingly hesitant and troubled.作为我们的工作，通过名单技术，迈尔斯变得越来越犹豫不决的困扰。 At forced grooming and dogs he became defensive.在被迫与狗培养他成为防御性。 “Dogs were only to be present, never to be…” his words tailed off. “狗不仅要出席，从来没有要… … ”他的话尾。 “When you see this, you say, holy mackerel,” he exclaimed. “当你看到这一点，你说，神圣的鲭鱼， ”他感叹。 “We never authorised torture, we just didn’t. “我们从来没有授权的酷刑，我们只是没有。 Not what we would do.” Little by little, my understanding of Myers’s role was becoming more focused.没有什么我们会做“ 。点点，我的理解，迈尔斯的作用是越来越集中。 He hadn’t pushed for these new techniques, but he didn’t resist them, either.他并没有被推为这些新技术，但他并没有抗拒，有的。 He didn’t inquire too deeply.他没有询问太深。
That’s just one part of a long excerpt from Sand’s book at The Guardian backing their main story.这只是其中一部分长期摘自砂的书在监护人的后盾，他们的主要故事。 It ends with a little bit of hope for those who would preserve the rule of law even against the most powerful politicians on earth - the incumbents of the American White House.结束与一点点希望，对于那些将维护法治，即使对最强大的政客对地球-现任美国白宫。
Parties to the international Torture Convention are required to investigate any person who is alleged to have committed torture.各方对国际酷刑公约须调查的任何人被控犯有酷刑。 If appropriate, they must then prosecute - or extradite the person to a place where he will be prosecuted.如果适当的，他们必须然后起诉-或引渡该人的地方，他会被检控。 The Torture Convention is also more explicit than Geneva in that it criminalises any act that constitutes complicity or participation in torture.酷刑公约也更明确，比日内瓦，因为它为刑事罪的任何行为构成共犯或参与酷刑。 Complicity or participation could certainly be extended not only to the politicians and but also the lawyers involved in the condoning of the 18 techniques.共谋或参与当然可以延长，不仅向政治家和，但也是律师的参与，在纵容的18个技巧。
We may yet see these criminals in court one day - but not in America.我们还可能看到这些罪犯在法庭上一天-但不是在美国。
(Hat tip - Kat, our intrepid researcher) （帽子秘诀-吉，我们勇敢的研究员）
Update Oh look - the NYT editorial board 更新哦看看-纽约时报编辑部 finally noticed最后发现 that their President bragged about authorising torture.他们的总统吹嘘授权酷刑。
See More: 看到更多的： Bush 布什 Guantanamo 关塔那摩 USA News 美国新闻Have Your Say: Top Bush aides pushed for Guantánamo torture 你说：顶端布什的助手被推为关塔那摩酷刑
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