Rights Groups Wrangle with CIA over “Ghost Prisoners”人权团体争吵与中情局“幽灵囚犯”
IPS的IPS | The US Central Intelligence Agency has refused to release more than 7,000 documents related to its programmes of secret detentions, renditions, and torture, and is asking a federal judge to dismiss a Freedom of Information lawsuit demanding disclosure. |美国中央情报机构已拒绝释放更多的超过7000有关的文件，其方案的秘密拘留，演绎，和酷刑，并要求一名联邦法官驳回资讯自由的诉讼要求披露。
The refusal came last week in the CIA’s response to a lawsuit brought by three human rights groups, Amnesty International USA (AIUSA), the Centre for Constitutional Rights (CCR) and the International Human Rights Clinic at New York University School of Law (NYU IHRC).拒绝上周在中央情报局的回应官司所带来的三个人权团体，国际特赦组织美国（ aiusa ） ，宪法权利中心（中央控制室）和国际人权诊所在新的纽约大学法学院（纽约大学伊斯兰人权委员会） 。
The CIA filed a motion with the court for a summary judgment to end the lawsuit and avoid turning over more than 7,000 documents related to its secret “ghost” detention and extraordinary rendition programmes.中情局提交了一份议案，与法院为简易判决，以结束诉讼，并避免谈及超过7000有关的文件，其秘密“鬼”拘留和非凡的移交方案。
The CIA claimed that it did not have to release the documents because many consist of correspondence with the White House or top George W. Bush administration officials, or because they are between parties seeking legal advice on the programmes, including guidance on the legality of certain interrogation procedures.美国中央情报局声称，它没有释放文件，因为有很多构成的书信与白宫或顶端乔治W布什政府的官员，或因为他们是当事方之间的征询法律意见，方案，包括指导意见的合法性，某些审讯程序。 The CIA confirmed that it requested — and received — legal advice from attorneys at the Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel concerning these procedures.美国中央情报局证实，它要求-并收到-法律意见，律师在律政司的法律顾问办公室关于这些程序。
The case is significant for a number of reasons.此案的意义重大，有多种原因。 Among them, said CCR Executive Director Vincent Warren, it marks the first time the CIA “has acknowledged that it has well over 7,000 documents that relate to the torture and disappearance of men”.其中，中央控制室说，执行董事郑海泉华伦，它标志着第一次中情局“已承认，它已远远超过7000的文件，涉及到酷刑和失踪的男子” 。
And Curt Goering, AIUSA senior deputy executive director, said, “Given what we already know about documents written by Bush administration officials trying to justify torture and other human rights crimes, one does not need a fertile imagination to conclude that the real reason for refusing to disclose these documents has more to do with avoiding disclosure of criminal activity than national security.”和简短的戈林， aiusa高级副执行主任说， “鉴于我们已经知道撰写的文件，布什政府官员试图证明酷刑和其他侵犯人权罪行的，一不需要了肥沃的土壤的想象得出结论认为，真正的理由拒绝披露这些文件已更多地与避免披露的犯罪活动比国家安全“ 。
He called on the CIA to “stop stonewalling congressional oversight committees and release vital documents related to the programme of secret detentions, renditions, and torture.”他呼吁中央情报局“停止拖延国会监督委员会和释放的重要文件，方案有关的秘密拘留，演绎，和酷刑” 。
The three human rights organisations will file their response brief in court next month.三个人权团体将档案他们的回应简短的法院在下个月。
The groups filed their Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests last June with several US government agencies, including the CIA.该团体提交了各自的资讯自由法（ foia ）的要求，去年6月，与数家美国政府机构，包括中央情报局。 These requests sought information about individuals who are — or have been — held by the US government or detained with US involvement, and about whom there is no public record.这些要求，要求当局提供资料，有关个别人士-或者已经-举行了由美国政府或拘留与美国的参与，以及有关的人是没有公开的纪录。
The requests also sought information about the government’s legal justifications for its secret detention and extraordinary rendition programme.的要求，也要求当局提供资料，了解政府的法律理据，其秘密拘留和非凡的移交方案。 Comprehensive information about the identities and locations of prisoners in CIA custody — as well as the conditions of their detention and the specific interrogation methods used against them — has never been publicly revealed.综合信息有关的身份和地点的囚犯在中情局保管-以及为条件，对他们的拘留和具体的审讯方法用来对付他们-从来没有被公开披露。
Emi MacLean, a CCR attorney, told IPS, “The CIA has been running a programme of enforced disappearance and torture.电磁干扰麦克莱恩，中央控制室，律政司，告诉IPS “ ，美国中央情报局已经运行方案，强迫失踪和酷刑。 What we are asking for is fundamental to a democratic society — some essential transparency and accountability.我们所要求的，是根本，以一个民主的社会-一些必要的透明度和问责性。 We need to know what is being done in our name.我们需要知道，正在做些什么，在我们的名称。 Indeed, the documents withheld by the government demonstrate that this basic accountability is what they have been worried about from the very beginning.”事实上，文件，隐瞒由政府表明这个基本的问责性是什么，他们一直担心从一开始“ 。
“The CIA has employed illegal techniques such as torture, enforced disappearances, and extraordinary rendition,” said Meg Satterthwaite, director of the NYU IHRC. “美国中央情报局已雇用非法技术，如酷刑，强迫失踪，和非凡的移交逃犯，说： ”梅格satterthwaite主任，纽约大学伊斯兰人权委员会。 “It cannot use FOIA exemptions as a shield to hide its violations of US and international law.” “它不能使用foia豁免作为挡箭牌，以掩盖其违反美国和国际法律” 。
In its legal filings, the CIA acknowledged that this programme “will continue”.在其法律诉状，中情局承认，这个计划“将继续” 。 Some prisoners have been transferred to prisons in other countries for proxy detention where they face the risk of torture and where they continue to be held secretly, without charge or trial.有些囚犯被转移到监狱，在其他国家的代理服务器的拘留地点，他们面临的风险酷刑和他们继续举行秘密，未经起诉或审判。 Human rights reports indicate that the fate and whereabouts of at least 30 people believed to have been held in secret US custody remain unknown.人权报告指出，命运和下落至少30人，相信已被关押在美国秘密拘押仍下落不明。
In September 2006, President Bush publicly acknowledged the existence of CIA-operated secret prisons.在2006年9月，美国总统布什公开承认存在中情局秘密监狱的运作。 At the same time, 14 detainees from these facilities were transferred to Guantánamo and several more have arrived since.在同一时间内， 14日被拘留者从这些设施被转移到关塔那摩和几个更已抵达以来。 The administration has admitted to using so-called “alternative interrogation procedures” on those held in the CIA programme, including waterboarding.政府当局已承认利用所谓的“另类审讯程序”对那些举行的美国中央情报局方案，包括waterboarding 。 The international community and the United States, in other contexts, have unequivocally deemed these techniques torture.国际社会和美国，在其他情况下，都明确认为，这些技术酷刑。
One of the detainees of particular interest in this case is a CCR client, Majid Khan.其中一个被拘留者的利益，特别是在这种情况下是一个中央控制室客户端，马吉德汗。 Khan emigrated from his native Pakistan to the US in 1996 and is a legal US resident.汗移居海外，从他的祖国巴基斯坦向美国在1996年，是一个居住在美国的法律。 On a trip to Pakistan to visit his wife, Khan was abducted by Pakistani officials and transferred to one of the CIA’s secret prisons.对前往巴基斯坦访问他的妻子，汗被绑架的巴基斯坦官员和转移到一个中情局的秘密监狱。 Among those transferred to Guantanamo Bay to be tried before a Military Commission, he was the first of the so-called “high value” detainees to have legal representation.在这些转移到关塔那摩湾受到审判的前军事委员会，他是第一位的，所以所谓“高价值”被拘留者有法律代表。
Congress has also been unable to obtain CIA records.国会也无法获得美国中央情报局的记录。 The few documents released in the human rights groups’ lawsuit demonstrate a pattern of withholding information from Congress.少数公布的文件，在人权团体诉讼证明的格局，隐瞒资料来自国会。
In a pointed 2003 bipartisan letter, then-Chair and Ranking Member of the House Select Committee on Intelligence requested that the then CIA Director George Tenet provide senior level briefings on the treatment of, and information obtained by, three men known to be held in secret CIA detention.” He told the CIA that their committee was “frustrated with the quality of the information” provided in past briefings.在一指出， 2003年的两党的信，当时主持会议，并排名众议院议员，专责委员会的情报，要求当时的中央情报局局长特尼特提供高层介绍了治疗，和所获得的资料，三名男子已知被关押在秘密中央情报局的拘留。 “他说，美国中央情报局认为，他们的委员会是”沮丧与信息的质量“提供了在过去的简报会。
The CIA appears to have avoided answering detailed requests for specific information, responding instead with form letters and references to briefings.中情局似乎已经避免了详细的回答要求的具体资料，回应，反而与形式的信件，以及可参考的简报会。 In 2005, these practices led to a forceful letter from Michigan Democratic Senator Carl Levin, now the Chairman of the Senate Armed Services Committee, who was attempting to investigate CIA involvement in detainee deaths.在2005年，这些做法导致了有力的信从密歇根州民主党参议员卡尔列文，现在的主席，参议院军事委员会，他是企图以调查美国中央情报局在被拘留者的参与人死亡。 In his letter, Levin noted that “The lack of CIA cooperation with the investigations to date has left significant omissions in the record.”他在信中， Levin指出， “没有美国中央情报局的合作与调查，迄今为止，留下了很大的错漏纪录” 。
The Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) was signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson in 1966.资讯自由法（ foia ）签署成为法律，总统林登约翰逊在1966年。 It allows for the full or partial disclosure of previously unreleased information and documents controlled by the US Government.它允许全部或部分披露先前未公开的资料和文件，控制的美国政府。 The Act defines agency records subject to disclosure, outlines mandatory disclosure procedures, but grants a number of exemptions to Federal agencies.该法界定了机构的纪录，须予披露，概述了强制披露程序，但补助金的一些豁免联邦机构。
See More: 看到更多的： Terrorism 恐怖主义 Torture 酷刑 USA News 美国新闻Have Your Say: Rights Groups Wrangle with CIA over “Ghost Prisoners” 你说：人权团体争吵与中情局“幽灵囚犯”
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