Remains of toxic DU bullets仍然是有毒杜子彈
BAGHDAD – At a roadside produce stand on the outskirts of Baghdad, business is brisk for Latifa Khalaf Hamid. 巴格達 -在路邊產生的立場，巴格達外圍，商業活躍，為l atifak halaf哈米德。 Iraqi drivers pull up and snap up fresh bunches of parsley, mint leaves, dill, and onion stalks. 伊拉克司機拉起和管理單元束新鮮的香菜，薄荷葉，蒔蘿，洋蔥秸稈。
But Ms. Hamid’s stand is just four paces away from a burnt-out Iraqi tank, destroyed by - and contaminated with - controversial American depleted-uranium (DU) bullets.但女士哈米德的立場是短短四個月步伐遠離一燒毀了伊拉克坦克，摧毀了-污染-爭議的美國貧化鈾（杜）子彈。 Local children play “throughout the day” on the tank, Hamid says, and on another one across the road.本地兒童玩“整個天”的坦克，哈米德說，對另一位全國道路。
No one has warned the vendor in the faded, threadbare black gown to keep the toxic and radioactive dust off her produce. 沒有人曾警告供應商，在褪色， threadbare黑色的袍子，讓有毒和放射性灰塵，她產生。 The children haven’t been told not to play with the radioactive debris. 孩子們沒有被告知不能發揮與放射性碎片。 They gather around as a Geiger counter carried by a visiting reporter starts singing when it nears a DU bullet fragment no bigger than a pencil eraser. 他們收集周圍作為一個蓋革計數器進行了來訪的記者開始唱歌，當它接近1杜子彈片段沒有大於一支鉛筆橡皮擦。 It registers nearly 1,000 times normal background radiation levels on the digital readout. 它正式選民登記冊的近1000倍的正常背景輻射水平對數字讀數。
The Monitor visited four sites in the city - including two randomly chosen destroyed Iraqi armored vehicles, a clutch of burned American ammunition trucks, and the downtown planning ministry - and found significant levels of radioactive contamination from the US battle for Baghdad.監視器訪問的四個地點，在城市-其中包括兩名隨機選擇摧毀伊拉克裝甲車，離合器燒毀美國彈藥的卡車，和市中心的規劃部-發現顯著的水平放射性污染來自美國爭奪巴格達。
In the first partial Pentagon disclosure of the amount of DU used in Iraq, a US Central Command spokesman told the Monitor that A-10 Warthog aircraft - the same planes that shot at the Iraqi planning ministry - fired 300,000 bullets.在第一部分，五角大樓披露的金額杜用在伊拉克，美國中央司令部發言人說，監察一- 10 warthog飛機-相同的飛機開槍伊拉克規劃部-發射了3 0 0000發子彈。 The normal combat mix for these 30-mm rounds is five DU bullets to 1 - a mix that would have left about 75 tons of DU in Iraq.正常的作戰組合，其中有30毫米子彈是5杜子彈1 -一組合，將已離開約7 5噸的杜在伊拉克。
The Monitor saw only one site where US troops had put up handwritten warnings in Arabic for Iraqis to stay away.監視器看到只有一個地點，美軍曾提出警告，在手寫的阿拉伯語為伊拉克人遠離。 There, a 3-foot-long DU dart from a 120 mm tank shell, was found producing radiation at more than 1,300 times background levels.有一個3英尺長的杜飛鏢從120毫米坦克砲彈，被發現生產輻射多於1300年時代背景的水平。 It made the instrument’s staccato bursts turn into a steady whine.它使儀器的Staccato通信公司連發變成一個穩定的whine 。
“If you have pieces or even whole [DU] penetrators around, this is not an acute health hazard, but it is for sure above radiation protection dose levels,” says Werner Burkart, the German deputy director general for Nuclear Sciences and Applications at the UN’s International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in Vienna. “如果你有件或什至整個[杜]穿透左右，這不是一個嚴重危害健康，但它是為確保上述輻射防護劑量水平，說： ”維爾納burkart ，德國副總幹事為核科學和應用科學在聯合國的國際國際原子能機構（ IAEA ）在維也納舉行。 “The important thing in any battlefield - especially in populated urban areas - is somebody has to clean up these sites.” “重要的事，在任何戰場上-特別是在人口密集的城市地區-是有人要清理這些網站”。
Minimizing the risk 盡量減少這種危險
Fresh-from-the-factory DU tank shells are normally handled with gloves, to minimize the health risk, and shielded with a thin coating.新鮮-從- -工廠杜枚坦克砲彈，通常的處理與手套，以盡量減少對健康的危害，包庇與薄塗層。 The alpha particle radiation emitted by DU travels less than an inch and can be stopped by cloth or even tissue paper.阿爾法粒子輻射所發出的旅行杜少於一英寸，可也阻擋不住的布，甚至衛生紙。 But when the DUmaterial burns (usually on impact; or as a dust, it can spontaneously ignite) protective shields disappear, and dangerous radioactive oxides are created that can be inhaled or ingested.但是，當dumaterial燒傷（通常是對的影響;或作為一個灰塵，它可以自發地點燃）保護盾牌消失，和危險的放射性氧化物是造成可吸入或攝入。
“[The risk] depends so very much on how you handle it,” says Jan Olof Snihs, of Sweden’s Radiation Protection Authority in Stockholm. “ [風險]取決於所以十分你如何處理它，說： ” 1月olof snihs ，瑞典的輻射防護管理局在斯德哥爾摩。 In most cases dangers are low, he says, unless children eat toxic and radioactive soil, or get DU oxides on their hands.在大多數情況下，危險性低，他說，除非兒童吃有毒和放射性土壤，或得到杜氧化物對他們的手中。
Radioactive particles are a “special risk associated with a war,” Mr. Snihs says.放射性粒子是一個“特別風險相關的一場戰爭， ”先生snihs說。 “The authorities should be aware of this, and try to decontaminate places like this, just to avoid unnecessary risk.” “當局應該認識到這一點，並嘗試進行除污喜歡這個地方，只是為了避免不必要的風險” 。
Pentagon officials say that DU is relatively harmless and a necessary part of modern warfare.五角大樓官員說，杜是相對無害的和必要的一部分，現代戰爭。 They say that pre-Gulf War studies that indicated a risk of cancer and of causing harm to local populations through permanent contamination have been superseded by newer reports.他們說，前海灣戰爭的研究表明，患癌症的風險，並造成損害，並向當地民眾通過永久污染已取代較新的報告。
“There is not really any danger, at least that we know about, for the people of Iraq,” said Lt. Col. Michael Sigmon, deputy surgeon for the US Army’s V Corps, told journalists in Baghdad last week. “有沒有真正的危險，至少我們知道，對於伊拉克人民， ”中校說：邁克爾sigmon ，副外科醫生為美國軍隊的V團，對記者說，在巴格達上週。 He asserted that children playing with expended tank shells would have to eat and then practically suffocate on DU residue to cause harm.他聲稱，兒童玩火花費了坦克砲彈，將要吃飯，然後幾乎窒息，對杜的殘留造成損害。
But there is a growing chorus of concern among United Nations and relief officials, along with some Western scientific experts, who are calling for sites contaminated with DU be marked off and made safe.但有一個日益增長的合唱團的關注，聯合國官員和救濟，隨著一些西方科學專家，誰是要求網站的污染與杜顯著起飛和安全。
“The soil around the impact sites of [DU] penetrators may be heavily contaminated, and could be harmful if swallowed by children,” says Brian Spratt, chair of the working group on DU at The Royal Society, Britain’s premier scientific institution. “周圍的土壤，影響網站的[杜]穿透可能會嚴重污染，並可能是有害的，如果所吞噬兒童，說： ”布賴恩spratt ，工作組主席對杜在英國皇家學會，英國首屈一指的科研機構。
Heavy metal toys? 重金屬的玩具？
Fragments and penetrators should be removed, since “children find them fascinating objects, and can pocket them,” says Professor Spratt.碎片和穿甲彈，應予刪除，因為“兒童找到他們迷人的物體，並能口袋，說： ”教授spratt 。 “The science says there is some danger - not perhaps a huge danger - of these objects. “科學說，是有一定的危險-或許不是一個巨大的危險-這些物體。 … We certainly do not say that these things are safe; we say that cleanup is important.” … …我們當然不說這些東西是安全的;我們說，清理是非常重要的“ 。
The British Ministry of Defense says it will offer screening to soldiers suspected of DU exposure, and will publish details about locations and quantities of DU that British troops used in Iraq - a tiny fraction of that fired by US forces.英國國防部說，它將提供篩選到士兵涉嫌杜曝光，並會公佈詳情，地點和數量都認為，美英軍隊在伊拉克使用的-一小部分即發射的美國軍隊。
The Pentagon has traditionally been tight-lipped about DU: Official figures on the amount used were not released for years after the 1991 Gulf War and Bosnia conflicts, and nearly a year after the 1999 Kosovo campaign.五角大樓傳統上一直守口如瓶約杜：官方公佈的數字對使用量沒有公佈，為年後的1991年的海灣戰爭和波斯尼亞衝突，近一年後， 1999年科索沃運動。 No US official contacted could provide DU use estimates from the latest war in Iraq.在美國沒有正式接觸，可提供杜使用估計，從最新的伊拉克戰爭。
“The first thing we should ask [the US military] is to remove that immediately,” says Carel de Rooy, head of the UN Children’s Fund in Baghdad, adding that senior UN officials need urgent advice on avoiding exposure. “第一件事，我們應該問問[美軍]是消除立即說： ”卡雷爾德rooy ，主管聯合國兒童基金在巴格達補充說，聯合國高級官員迫切需要的意見，避免暴露。
The UN Environment Program last month called for field tests.聯合國環境計劃署上個月呼籲實地測試。 DU “is still an issue of great concern for the general public,” said UNEP chief Klaus Töpfer.杜“仍然是一個十分關注的問題，為廣大市民說： ”環境署行政克勞斯特普費爾。 “An early study in Iraq could either lay these fears to rest or confirm that there are indeed potential risks.” “早期的研究在伊拉克可以奠定這些恐懼休息或證實確有潛在的風險” 。
US troops avoid wreckage 美軍避免飛機殘骸
During the latest Iraq conflict Abrams tanks, Bradley fighting vehicles and A-10 Warthog aircraft, among other military platforms, all fired the DU bullets from desert war zones to the heart of Baghdad.在最新的伊拉克衝突艾布拉姆斯坦克，布雷德利戰車和1 - 10 warthog飛機，其中包括其他軍事平台，所有發射杜子彈從沙漠戰爭區的心臟巴格達。 No other armor-piercing round is as effective against enemy tanks.沒有其他穿甲輪是作為有效地打擊敵人坦克。 While the Pentagon says there’s no risk to Baghdad residents, US soldiers are taking their own precautions in Iraq, and in some cases have handed out warning leaflets and put up signs.而五角大樓說，沒有任何風險，到巴格達的居民，美軍士兵正在自己的預防措施，在伊拉克，並在某些情況下，已交由警示宣傳單張及張貼標誌。
“After we shoot something with DU, we’re not supposed to go around it, due to the fact that it could cause cancer,” says a sergeant in Baghdad from New York, assigned to a Bradley, who asked not to be further identified. “之後，我們拍一些與杜，我們無法假定去靠近它，由於事實，即它可能會導致癌症，說： ”一名警長在巴格達由New York ，分配到一個布拉德利，誰問不有待進一步查明。
“We don’t know the effects of what it could do,” says the sergeant. “我們不知道的影響是什麼可以做，說： ”該名警長。 “If one of our vehicles burnt with a DU round inside, or an ammo truck, we wouldn’t go near it, even if it had important documents inside. “如果我們其中的車輛被燒與杜輪內，或一彈藥的卡車，我們不會去附近的它，即使它有重要的文件內。 We play it safe.”我們發揮它的安全“ 。
Six American vehicles struck with DU “friendly fire” in 1991 were deemed to be too contaminated to take home, and were buried in Saudi Arabia.六，美國的車輛擊中了與杜“友好火”在1991年被認為是太污染帶回家，並被埋在沙特阿拉伯。 Of 16 more brought back to a purpose-built facility in South Carolina, six had to be buried in a low-level radioactive waste dump. 16多帶回一個特定目的而建造的設施，在南卡羅來納州， 6不得不被安葬在一個低中水平放射性廢物傾倒。
Television footage of the war last month showed Iraqi armored vehicles burning as US columns drove by, a common sign of a strike by DU, which burns through armor on impact, and often ignites the ammunition carried by the targeted vehicle.電視畫面的戰爭顯示，上個月伊拉克的裝甲運兵車燃燒作為美國列開，一個共同的跡象，罷工，杜，燒傷，透過鎧甲的影響，而且往往點燃彈藥，進行有針對性的車輛。
“We were buttoned up when we drove by that - all our hatches were closed,” the US sergeant says. “我們的鈕扣，當我們驅車由-我們所有的艙口關閉， ”美國警長說。 “If we saw anything on fire, we wouldn’t stop anywhere near it. “如果我們看到什麼就消防，我們是不會停止的任何地方附近。 We would just keep on driving.”我們會不斷對駕駛“ 。
That’s an option that produce seller Hamid doesn’t have.這是一個選項，產生賣方哈米德沒有。
She says the US broke its promise not to bomb civilians.她說，美國打破了承諾不向平民的炸彈。 She has found US cluster bomblets in her garden; the DU is just another dangerous burden, in a war about which she remains skeptical.她發現，美國的集束炸彈在她的花園;杜只是另一種危險的負擔，在戰時這是她仍然持懷疑態度。
“We were told it was going to be paradise [when Saddam Hussein was toppled], and now they are killing our children,” she says voicing a common Iraqi perception about the risk of DU. “我們被告知，這是要天堂[當薩達姆被推翻，現在他們殺害我們的孩子” ，她說，道出了一個共同的看法，關於伊拉克的風險杜。 “The Americans did not bother to warn us that this is a contaminated area.” “美國人沒有理會警示我們，這是一個受污染的地區” 。
There is a warning now at the Doura intersection on the southern outskirts of Baghdad.有一個警告，現在在doura交叉口對南巴格達外圍。 In the days before the capital fell, four US supply trucks clustered near an array of highway off-ramps caught fire, cooking off a number of DU tank rounds.在幾天之前，資本下跌，四家美國供應卡車群集附近的一個數組公路場外斜道起火，烹飪了許多杜坦克輪。
American troops wearing facemasks for protection arrived a few days later and bulldozed the topsoil around the site to limit the contamination.美軍身穿facemasks保護抵達幾天後，並用推土機推平表土周圍的網站，以限制污染。
The troops taped handwritten warning signs in Arabic to the burned vehicles, which read: “Danger - Get away from this area.” These were the only warnings seen by this reporter among dozens of destroyed Iraqi armored vehicles littering the city.部隊錄音手寫的警告標誌，在阿拉伯語向燒毀的車輛，全文如下： “危險-擺脫這方面的工作。 ”這些都是只有警告，看到這之間的數十名記者被摧毀的伊拉克裝甲車輛亂拋垃圾的城市。
“All of them were wearing masks,” says Abbas Mohsin, a teenage cousin of a drink seller 50 yards away, said referring to the US military cleanup crew. “他們全部戴口罩，說： ”阿巴斯mohsin ，一個十幾歲的堂弟，酒後賣方五十碼遠離說，指美國軍方清理船員。 “They told the people there were toxic materials … and advised my cousin not to sell Pepsi and soft drinks in this area. “他們告訴人民群眾有有毒物質… ，並建議我的表哥不賣百事可樂和軟飲料在這方面的工作。 They said they were concerned for our safety.”他們說，他們擔心我們的安全“ 。
Despite the troops’ bulldozing of contaminated earth away from the burnt vehicles, black piles of pure DU ash and particles are still present at the site.儘管部隊的推土機被污染的地球脫離燒毀的車輛，黑色樁純杜灰和顆粒仍然存在於該網站。 The toxic residue, if inhaled or ingested, is considered by scientists to be the most dangerous form of DU.有毒殘留物，如果吸入或攝入，被認為是科學家是最危險的形式杜。
One pile of jet-black dust yielded a digital readout of 9,839 radioactive emissions in one minute, more than 300 times average background levels registered by the Geiger counter. 1樁噴射黑色粉塵產生了數字讀數的9839放射性排放量在一分鐘內，已有超過300倍，平均背景水平的註冊由蓋革計數器。 Another pile of dust reached 11,585 emissions in a minute.另一樁粉塵排放量達到11585在一分鐘內。
Western journalists who spent a night nearby on April 10, the day after Baghdad fell, were warned by US soldiers not to cross the road to this site, because bodies and unexploded ordnance remained, along with DU contamination.西方記者誰花了夜間附近的4月10日，這一天後，巴格達下跌，被警告美軍士兵不要過馬路到本網站，因為機構和未爆彈藥仍然是，隨著杜污染。 It was here that the Monitor found the “hot” DU tank round.就是在這裡的監控，發現“熱”杜坦克輪。
This burned dart pushed the radiation meter to the far edge of the “red zone” limit.這燒毀飛鏢推輻射測量儀，以遠東的邊緣“紅區”的限制。
A similar DU tank round recovered in Saudi Arabia in 1991, that was found by a US Army radiological team to be emitting 260 to 270 millirads of radiation per hour.類似的杜坦克一輪復甦在沙特阿拉伯於1991年，被發現由美陸軍放射性團隊排放260至270 millirads輻射每小時。 Their safety memo noted that the “current [US Nuclear Regulatory Commission] limit for non-radiation workers is 100 millirads per year.”他們的安全備忘錄指出， “當前的[美國核管制委員會]限制非輻射的工人是100 millirads每年” 。
The normal public dose limit in the US, and recognized around much of the world, is 100 millirems per year.一般公共劑量限值在美國，和公認的周圍世界許多地方，是100 millirems每年。 Nuclear workers have guidelines 20 to 30 times as high as that.核工人的指引， 20至30倍高。
The depleted-uranium bullets are made of low-level radioactive nuclear-waste material, left over from the making of nuclear fuel and weapons.該貧化鈾子彈製成的低放射性核廢料，遺留下來的，由作出核燃料和武器。 It is 1.7 times as dense as lead, and burns its way easily through armor.這是1.7倍，密度為鉛，燒傷，其方式很容易通過的盔甲。 But it is controversial because it leaves a trail of contamination that has half-life of 4.5 billion years - the age of our solar system.但它是有爭議的，因為它留下的踪跡污染已半衰期四十五億年-年齡，我們的太陽系。
Less DU in this war? 杜少在這場戰爭中？
In the first Gulf War, US forces used 320 tons of DU, 80 percent of it fired by A-10 aircraft.在第一次海灣戰爭，美軍使用的320噸杜， 80 ％的，它發射的A - 10飛機。 Some estimates suggest 1,000 tons or more of DU was used in the current war.一些估計數字表明，千噸或更多的杜用在當前的戰爭。 But the Pentagon disclosure Wednesday that about 75 tons of A-10 DU bullets were used points to a smaller overall DU tonnage in Iraq this time.但五角大樓披露星期三約75噸的1 - 10杜子彈使用的點，以較小的整體杜噸位在伊拉克的這個時候。
US military guidelines developed after the first Gulf War - which have since been considerably eased - required any soldier coming within 50 yards of a tank struck with DU to wear a gas mask and full protective suit. 美國軍方制定的指導方針第一次海灣戰爭後-這已被大大緩解-所需的任何士兵未來50碼的坦克擊中了與杜戴上防毒面具和充分的保護配合。 Today, soldiers say they have been told to steer clear of any DU. 今天，戰士們說，他們已經被告知避開任何杜。
“If a [tank] was taken out by depleted uranium, there may be oxide that you don’t want to inhale. “如果一個[坦克]採取了由貧化鈾，可能會有氧化氮您不想吸。 We want to minimize any exposure, at least to the lowest level possible,” Dr. Michael Kilpatrick, a top Pentagon health official told journalists on March 14, just days before the war began.我們要盡量減少任何接觸，至少在可能最低的水平， “博士邁克爾基爾帕特里克，最五角大樓衛生官員對記者說， 3月14日，前幾天在戰爭開始。 “If somebody needs to go into a tank that’s been hit with depleted uranium, a dust mask, a handkerchief is adequate to protect them - washing their hands afterwards.” “如果有人需要，進入坦克，這受到貧化鈾，防塵口罩，手帕是足夠，以保護他們-清洗雙手後” 。
Not everyone on the battlefield may be as well versed in handling DU, Dr. Kilpatrick said, noting that his greater concern is DU’s chemical toxicity, not its radioactivity: “What we worry about like lead in paint in housing areas - children picking it up and eating it or licking it - getting it on their hands and ingesting it.”不是每個人都在戰場上可能會非常熟悉，在處理杜，博士基爾帕特里克說，注意到他的更大關注的是，杜的化學毒性，而不是它的放射性： “我們擔心如鉛在塗料在房屋區-兒童採摘它和吃它，或舔它-它越來越對他們的雙手和攝取它“ 。
In the US, stringent NRC rules govern any handling of DU, which can legally only be disposed of in low-level radioactive waste dumps.在美國，核管理委員會的嚴格規則，執政任何處理杜，它可以在法律上只能棄置在低級別的放射性廢物的垃圾場。 The US military holds more than a dozen NRC licenses to work with it.美國軍方舉行了十多個核管理委員會的許可工作。
In Iraq, DU was not just fired at armored targets.在伊拉克，杜不只是發射了裝甲目標。
Video footage from the last days of the war shows an A-10 aircraft - a plane purpose-built around a 30-mm Gatling gun - strafing the Iraqi Ministry of Planning in downtown Baghdad.錄像從最後幾天的戰爭表明， 1 1 - 10飛機-一架特定目的而建造的約1 3 0毫米加特林炮- st rafing伊拉克計劃部在巴格達市中心。
A visit to site yields dozens of spent radioactive DU rounds, and distinctive aluminum casings with two white bands, that drilled into the tile and concrete rear of the building.訪問網站的收益率數十名花放射性貧化鈾彈藥，和獨特的鋁外殼與二白階，即操練到瓷磚和具體的後方建設。 DU residue at impact clicked on the Geiger counter at a relatively low level, just 12 times background radiation levels.杜殘留的影響，在點擊了蓋革計數器在比較低的水平，只是12倍的背景輻射水平。
Hot bullets 熱點子彈
But the finger-sized bullets themselves - littering the ground where looters and former staff are often walking - were the “hottest” items the Monitor measured in Iraq, at nearly 1,900 times background levels.但手指大小的子彈，自己-亂拋垃圾的地面那裡搶劫和前工作人員往往散步-分別是“最熱門”項目監察衡量在伊拉克，在近0 0年的時代背景下的水平。
The site is just 300 yards from where American troops guard the main entrance of the Republican Palace, home to the US and British officials tasked with rebuilding Iraq.該網站是剛剛300碼從那裡的美軍看守正門共和國宮，在家中，美國和英國的官員，負責與伊拉克重建。
“Radioactive? “放射性？ Oh, really?” asks a former director general of the ministry, when he returned in a jacket and tie for a visit last week, and heard the contamination levels register in bursts on the Geiger counter.哦，真的嗎？ “要求的前總幹事部，當他返回，在夾克和領帶進行了訪問上星期，並聽取了污染程度登記在掃射就蓋革計數器。
“Yesterday more than 1,000 employees came here, and they didn’t know anything about it,” the former official says. “昨日1000個以上的僱員來到這裡，他們不知道什麼， ”這位前官員說。 “We have started to not believe what the American government says. “我們已開始不相信什麼，美國政府說。 What I know is that the occupiers should clean up and take care of the country they invaded.”我所知道的是，佔領者應清理和照顧他們的國家侵略“ 。
US military officials often say that most people are exposed to natural or “background” radiation n daily life.美國軍方官員常說，大多數人都暴露在自然災害或“背景”輻射n每日的生活。 For example, a round-trip flight across the US can yield a 5 millirem dose from increased cosmic radiation; a chest X-ray can yield a 10 millirem dose in a few seconds.例如，一個來回飛行遍及美國可以產生5 millirem劑量增加，從宇宙輻射;胸部X光可以產生10 millirem劑量在幾秒鐘。
The Pentagon says that, since DU is “depleted” and 40 percent less radioactive than normal uranium, it presents even less of a hazard.五角大樓說，自從杜是“資源枯竭”和低40 ％ ，較正常的放射性鈾，它甚至更少的危險。
But DU experts say they are most concerned at how DU is transformed on the battlefield, after burning, into a toxic oxide dust that emits alpha particles.但杜專家說，他們最關心的是如何轉化為杜在戰場上，後燃燒，成為一個有毒的氧化氮粉塵排放α粒子。 While those can be easily stopped by the skin, once inside the body, studies have shown that they can destroy cells in soft tissue.而那些可以很容易地阻止皮膚，一旦身體內，研究表明，他們能摧毀細胞的軟組織。 While one study on rats linked DU fragments in muscle tissue to increased cancer risk, health effects on humans remain inconclusive.而一項研究對大鼠聯繫杜片段的肌肉組織，以增加患癌症的風險，對健康的影響對人類仍然有定論。
As late as five days before the Iraq war began, Pentagon officials said that 90 of those troops most heavily exposed to DU during the 1991 Gulf War have shown no health problems whatsoever, and remain under close medical scrutiny.遲5天前，伊拉克戰爭開始，五角大樓官員說， 90這些部隊最嚴重的暴露在杜在1991年海灣戰爭表明，沒有健康問題的話，並保持密切的醫療審議。
Released documents and past admissions from military officials, however, estimate that around 900 Americans were exposed to DU.公佈的文件和過去的招生從軍事官員，不過，估計約900美國人暴露於杜。 Only a fraction have been watched, and among those has been one diagnosed case of lymphatic cancer, and one arm tumor.只有一小部分已被觀看，其中那些已確診一案件淋巴癌症，和一隻手臂腫瘤。 As reported in previous articles, the Monitor has spoken to American veterans who blame their DU exposure for serious health problems.據報導，在以前的文章，監視器已發言的美國老兵誰責怪他們的杜暴露嚴重的健康問題。
The politics of DU 政治杜
But DU health concerns are very often wrapped up in politics.不過，杜對健康的關注往往非常結束了在政治上。 Saddam Hussein’s regime blamed DU used in 1991 for causing a spike in the cancer rate and birth defects in southern Iraq.薩達姆政權的指責杜用於在1991年造成穗，在癌症患病率和出生缺陷在伊拉克南部。
And the Pentagon often overstates its case - in terms of DU effectiveness on the battlefield, or declaring the absence of health problems, according to Dan Fahey, an American veterans advocate who has monitored the shrill arguments from both sides since the mid-1990s.和五角大樓往往誇大其案件-在條款杜的成效，在戰場上，或宣布缺席的健康問題，據丹f ahey，一名美國退伍軍人主張誰監察尖銳的爭論，雙方自9 0年代中期以來。
“DU munitions are neither the benign wonder weapons promoted by Pentagon propagandists nor the instruments of genocide decried by hyperbolic anti-DU activists,” Mr. Fahey writes in a March report, called “Science or Science Fiction: Facts, Myth and Propaganda in the Debate Over DU Weapons.” “貧鈾彈既不是良性，難怪武器，促進了由五角大樓宣傳員，也不是文書的種族滅絕詆毀由雙曲反杜活動家， ” Fahey先生寫道：在3月的報告，所謂“科學或科幻小說：事實，神話和宣傳，在辯論貧鈾武器“ 。
Nonetheless, Rep. Jim McDermott (D) of Washington, a doctor who visited Baghdad before the war, introduced legislation in Congress last month requiring studies on health and environment studies, and clean up of DU contamination in the US.不過，眾議員吉姆麥克德莫特（四）在華盛頓，一名醫生誰訪問了巴格達，戰爭之前，制定法例，在國會上個月要求研究對健康和環境的研究，並清理貧鈾污染，在美國。 He says DU may well be associated with increased birth defects.他說，杜很可能會增加相關的出生缺陷。
“While the political effects of using DU munitions are perhaps more apparent than their health and environmental effects,” Fahey writes, “science and common sense dictate it is unwise to use a weapon that distributes large quantities of a toxic waste in areas where people live, work, grow food, or draw water.” “而政治的影響，使用貧鈾彈可能更加明顯比他們的健康及環境的影響， ” fahey寫道， “科學和共同意識支配，這是不明智的使用武器，分發了大量的有毒廢物的地方，人民生活，工作，成長的食物，或提請水“ 。
Because of the publicity the Iraqi government has given to the issue, Iraqis worry about DU.由於宣傳伊拉克政府已考慮到的問題，伊拉克人擔心杜。
“It is an important concern…. “這是一個重要的關注… … 。 We know nothing about it.我們一無所知。 How can I protect my family?” asks Faiz Askar, an Iraqi doctor.我如何能保護我的家人？ “問法伊茲阿斯卡爾，一名伊拉克醫生。 “We say the war is finished, but what will the future bring?” “我們說，戰爭結束，但會採取什麼行動的未來帶來” ？
See More: 看到更多的： Iraq 伊拉克Have Your Say: Remains of toxic DU bullets 你說：仍然是有毒杜子彈
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