Pentagon’s intelligence arm steps up lie detecting五角大楼的情报部门加紧在于检测
The Pentagon’s intelligence arm is adding more polygraph studios and relying on outside contractors for the first time to conduct lie detection tests in an attempt to screen its 5,700 prospective and current employees every year.五角大楼的情报ARM是增加更多的测谎工作室和依靠外部承包商为第一次进行测谎测试中，企图屏幕，其5700准和当前的雇员，每年。
The stepped-up effort by the Defense Intelligence Agency is part of a growing emphasis on counterintelligence, detecting and thwarting would-be spies and keeping sensitive information away from America’s enemies.加强了努力，由美国国防情报局是一个组成部分，日益受到重视，反间谍，侦察和监视，想成为间谍，保持敏感的资料，远离美国的敌人。
A polygraph is not foolproof as a screening tool. 1测谎并非万无一失作为筛选工具。 The test gives a high rate of false positives on innocent people, and guilty subjects can be trained to beat the system, according to expert Charles Honts, a psychology professor at Boise State University.测试给高企的假阳性对无辜人民，并被判有罪的科目可以训练击败制度，据专家查尔斯honts ，一名心理学教授在博伊西州立大学。
The National Research Council noted these deficiencies in a 2003 report.国家研究委员会指出，这些缺陷在2003年的报告。 The council, an arm of the National Academy of Sciences, found that lie detectors can be useful for ferreting out the truth in specific incidents, but are unreliable for screening prospective national security employees for trustworthiness.安理会的一个分部，该National Academy of Sciences的，发现的谎言探测器可用于ferreting出真相，在具体的事件，但都是不可靠的筛选准国家安全的雇员的可信性。
“Its accuracy in distinguishing actual or potential security violators from innocent test takers is insufficient to justify reliance on its use in employee security screening in federal agencies,” the council concluded. “其准确性，在区分实际或潜在的安全违规从无辜的考生是不足够的理由依赖于它的使用在雇员的安全检查，在联邦机构， ”安理会的结论。 “Polygraph testing as currently used has extremely serious limitations in such screening applications, if the intent is both to identify security risks and protect valued employees.” “测谎测试，目前使用的已极其严重的限制，在这种筛选的申请，如果其意图是既要确定安全风险和保护价值的雇员” 。
John Sullivan, a polygrapher with the CIA for 31 years, noted that turncoat Aldrich Ames, a CIA mole for the Soviets, beat a polygraph test twice.约翰沙利文， polygrapher同中央情报局为31年，指出turncoat爱秩序埃姆斯，中央情报局摩尔为苏联，殴打了测谎试验的两倍。
But the prospect of facing a polygraph can deter future security violations, according to the council’s report.但前景面临着测谎可以阻止未来的安全侵犯，根据安理会的报告。 That prospect also increases the frequency of admission of violations — taking home classified documents, for example — and discourages people who may be security risks from applying.这一前景也增加了班次入学的侵犯-以家的机密文件，例如-和劝阻的人谁可能的安全风险，从申请。
“Right now the polygraph is the best tool they have at their hands but it’s not a tool that’s without problems,” Honts said. “现在测谎是最好的工具，他们已在其手中，但它不是一个工具，这是没有问题的， ” honts说。
The increase in lie detection at the DIA is three years in the making.增加在测谎，在直径是三年，在决策。 In 2005 the agency’s director announced plans to test every prospective new DIA hire, whether a permanent federal worker or contract employee.在2005年该机构的主任宣布的计划，以测试每一个准新直径的聘请，无论是永久性的联邦合同的工人或雇员。
The DIA would not say how many prospective, current and past employees are screened annually, but a 2002 report to Congress said the agency conducted 1,345 counterintelligence polygraphs.该直径不会说有多少准，现任和前任雇员，每年放映，但在2002年向国会报告说，该机构进行的1345年反polygraphs 。 It also said the Defense Department had an average of about 160 government polygraphers on its payroll annually for the last decade.它也说，国防部已平均约160名政府polygraphers就其薪金每年都为过去10年。 The Pentagon’s polygraphing institute trains all polygraphers for the government.五角大楼的polygraphing研究所列车所有polygraphers为政府。 It produced 84 new examiners in 2002, according to the latest publicly available statistics.它生产的84新的主考人员在2002年，根据最新公开的统计数字。
Until 2004, Congress severely limited the Pentagon’s authority to conduct polygraphs for counterintelligence purposes.直到2004年，国会严重限制了五角大楼的权力进行polygraphs为反目的。 From 1988 to 1990, it could conduct 10,000 a year.从1988年至1990年，它可以进行一万一年。 From 1990 to 2004, that number was cut to 5,000.从1990年到2004年，这个数字减少到5000 。 Congress lifted that cap in 2004 at the request of the Defense Department.国会认为，取消上限，在2004年的要求，国防部。
Polygraph sessions are typically three- to four-hour interrogations.测谎的会议通常是三至四小时的盘问。 A person is hooked up to a machine that measures physiological responses.一个人是连接到一个机器措施的生理反应。 The subject is asked a series of “yes” and “no” questions.题目是问了一连串的“是”和“否”的问题。 The machine records changes in blood pressure, respiration and heart rate and electrical activity in the skin.机器记录的变化，血压，呼吸和心率及电活动的皮肤。 The polygrapher interprets that data to determine whether the answers show inconsistencies or indicate deception, based on established parameters该polygrapher解读这些数据，以确定是否显示答案不一致或说明欺骗，根据既定的参数
An unclassified DIA document describing the new effort says the contractor hired to perform the exams will conduct a minimum of 4,550 a year in 13 new polygraph studios.机密国防情报局文件，说明新的努力，说，承包商雇用的执行考试将进行最低限度的4550年在13个新的测谎工作室。 The polygraphers would have to work at a brisk pace to meet the target: Each studio would need to complete 350 sessions a year to meet contract specifications.该polygraphers将不得不工作在一个活跃的步伐，以满足目标：每个工作室将需要完成350节，今年以满足合约订明的规格。 Those 13 new studios would be added to the eight now manned by DIA polygraphers.这些13个新的工作室将增加8个，现在载人由直径polygraphers 。 All would be overseen by DIA personnel.所有将监督直径的人员。
The document says that the agency will, for the first time, hire contractors to administer the tests rather than relying on government polygraphers.该文件说，该机构将首次时间，聘请承办商管理的考验，而不是依赖政府polygraphers 。
Mark Zaid is a lawyer who represents federal employees in lawsuits against the government, many involving disputed polygraphs.马克栽德是一位律师谁代表联邦雇员在诉讼中对政府，有很多涉及有争议的polygraphs 。 He said the government’s reliance on lie detection tools is an easy way around the more reliable, but more time-consuming, security background investigations.他说，政府的依赖于测谎工具是一个简单的方法周围更可靠，但有更多的时间消费，安全背景调查。 There is a massive backlog for these.有一个庞大的积压为这些。
“It’sa cheap fix to a broken system,” Zaid said. “这是廉价的修复毁损的系统， ”栽德说。
The problem, Zaid said, is that there is no process for government employees to challenge a polygrapher’s interpretation of a test.这个问题，栽德说，是有没有过程的政府雇员挑战polygrapher的解释一项测试。 “They get labeled a liar, and that’s it,” Zaid said. “他们得到标示一个说谎者，就是这样， ”栽德说。
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