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Zondag, 29 Juni, 2008

ANDREW O. SELSKY | Dit was een slaperige buitenpost van de Marine vóór de V.S. begon gebruikend het om gevangenen in het spoor van Sept. te houden. 11 aanvallen - en het kan spoedig opnieuw één worden.

Het is meer en meer duidelijk dat de dagen van deze V.S. de zee gevangenis is genummerd. De belangrijkste reden van het beleid van Bush voor de verdachten van het holdingsterrorisme zonder proef verdween toen het Opperste Hof op 12 besliste Juni dat zij bepaalde wettelijke rechten hebben. John McCain en Barack Obama allebei hebben het detentiecentrum om worden gesloten verzocht.

Maar whoever wordt zal de nieuwe voorzitter moeten berekenen wat met die linkerzijde in Guantanamo momenteel te doen - ruwweg 270.

„Het is vrij gemakkelijk te zeggen `Guantanamo,'“ Marine AchterAdm sluiten. Teken Buzby bovengenoemd in een gesprek alvorens als bevelhebber van het detentiecentrum vorige maand weg te gaan. „Maar het feit van de kwestie is daar is sommige vrij gevaarlijke mensen die moeten someplace worden gehouden.“

McCain, de vermoedelijke Republikeinse benoemde voor voorzitter, heeft gezegd hij de gevangenen naar de gevangenis van de militairen bij Fort Leavenworth, Kansas wil verplaatsen. Maar vindend ruimte voor hen zouden allen een probleem kunnen zijn - net iets meer dan 400 medebewoners zijn omhoog nu gesloten bij Fort Leavenworth, dat een capaciteit voor 515 heeft.

McCain wil de gevangenen die op militaire commissies worden geprobeerd, of de hoven van oorlogsmisdaden, die in het kader van een wet worden toegestaan van 2006 die hij steunde. Deze commissies handelen als misdadige hoven die door de V.S. worden geleid. strijdkrachten om die overwogen vijanden tijdens oorlogstijd te proberen. Tot dusver, zijn 19 gevangenen van Guantanamo geladen in dergelijke commissies.

Obama, de veronderstelde Democratische bovengenoemde benoemde, zou hij Guantanamo sluiten en zou de gevangenen naar zowel burgerlijke als militaire faciliteiten in de Verenigde Staten, met inbegrip van Leavenworth, volgens campagnewoordvoerder Reid Cherlin verplaatsen. Obama wil dat de gevangenen worden geprobeerd in federale misdadige hoven of in militaire hoven krijgs.

Het pentagoon is nu van plan om ongeveer 80 gevangenen op militaire commissies te proberen, maar nog eens 130 worden als te gevaarlijk beschouwd laten gaan en niet vervolgd. Ongeveer 60 zijn slated voor overdracht van Guantanamo, maar het Pentagoon zegt zij niet kunnen naar huis gaan omdat hun overheden hen niet zullen goedkeuren, zouden kunnen hen vrijgeven en een veiligheidsrisico voor de V.S. tot stand brengen, of zelfs zouden kunnen hen martelen.

Defense Secretary Robert Gates recently told lawmakers he too wants Guantanamo’s prison shut down, but added: “We’re stuck in several ways.”

In general, convictions would be harder to secure in federal courts, but would also stand up better in the long run, according to David Glazier, an associate professor at Loyola Law School in Los Angeles. Another option would be to create a national security court that could apply military or federal standards but keep intelligence sources and methods secret.

Just before he was nominated attorney general last year, Michael Mukasey wrote an opinion column saying a national security court deserves “careful scrutiny by the public, and particularly by the U.S. Congress.” He also suggested looking at a proposal to lock up suspected terrorists using legal norms that allow the insane to be involuntarily committed.

The Supreme Court’s latest ruling gave all detainees the right to petition federal judges for immediate release. In a separate case for an individual detainee, a federal appeals court on Monday decided he was not an enemy combatant and ordered the military to release him, transfer him or hold a new proceeding promptly.

Commanders on this 45-square-mile base encompassing arid hills and a broad bay say they are ready to move the prisoners out if given the order.

Flexibility is literally built in. If Washington decides the war crimes trials should be moved to the U.S., a new high-tech courthouse and related facilities built on an abandoned airfield here can be dismantled and shipped over.

The $12 million Expeditionary Legal Complex was completed in May instead of a proposed $100 million permanent structure that Gates rejected in February 2007. Air Force Maj. Gail E. Crawford of the Pentagon’s Office of Military Commissions said Guantanamo is not bound by law to be the site of the war crimes trials.

The courthouse downsizing was one of several signs that the Pentagon wants to get rid of the detention center, which has drawn international condemnation. Only one detainee has been transferred to Guantanamo this year and five in 2007, compared to almost 800 in previous years.

“We are making concerted efforts to decrease the population at Guantanamo,” said Navy Cmdr. Jeffrey Gordon, a Pentagon spokesman. “We have no desire to be the world’s jailers, as we have often stated.”

Defense lawyers want the detention center closed and say the war crimes trials are unfair because they allow evidence obtained under harsh interrogations, even possibly by waterboarding, and permit hearsay. They say the prisoners include innocent people who were in the wrong place at the wrong time and were sold to U.S. forces for bounties.

“President Bush, our commander in chief, perhaps unwittingly, perhaps not, started the U.S. down a slippery slope, a path that quickly descended, stopping briefly in the dark, Machiavellian world of the ends justify the means, before plummeting further into the bleak underworld of barbarism and cruelty, of anything goes, of torture,” attorney Air Force Maj. David Frakt said in military court last week. Frakt represents an Afghan detainee who records show was subjected to sleep deprivation at Guantanamo months after he attempted suicide.

Men were first held here in cages, then in shipping containers, then in barracks fronting a dusty courtyard and finally also in maximum-security lockups modeled after U.S. prisons.

“The same skill set that allowed Guantanamo to build up in a very frantic situation will serve it well when it comes time to go the other way,” said Navy Cmdr. Jeffrey M. Johnston, who drew up initial plans for the detention center on a yellow legal notepad after being told in December 2001 that the first detainees would soon be headed over.

Guantanamo Bay, which was first taken by U.S. Marines in the Spanish-American war, has seen many mission expansions and contractions. In the early 1990s, it housed tens of thousands of Haitian boat people. Johnston said if the detention center is closed, some facilities — like buildings where guards and interrogators live — could be repurposed.

Former President Jimmy Carter, in an e-mail to The Associated Press, expressed his own ideas of what to do with the detention center. The Nobel laureate is a sharp critic of Guantanamo who charges that the indefinite detention of hundreds of men has fueled animosity toward the U.S.

“After it has been emptied, perhaps the facility should be closed forever, or made into a museum where people can study the importance of respecting the Geneva Conventions and other human rights treaties,” Carter said.

See More:Guantanamo 

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