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Saturday, June 7th, 2008 週六， 2008年6月7日

By通過 Christopher Caldwell克里斯托弗考德威爾 | Setting up cameras and monitoring employees’ toilet breaks, as the supermarket chain Lidl did; keeping a “black money” fund for kickbacks to officials in developing countries, as |設立相機和監測僱員廁所，休息，作為連鎖超市lidl沒有;保持“黑錢”基金回扣官員在發展中國家，作為 Siemens 西門子 allegedly did; diverting money to pay for call girls for refractory board members, as據稱，當時;挪用資金，以支付呼叫女孩難治董事會成員，作為 Volkswagen 大眾汽車公司 did … German executives have not been at their best lately.沒有…德國高管尚未在其最近的最佳。 But nothing has so shocked the public as allegations over the past two weeks that但沒有使公眾感到震驚的指控在過去兩個星期 Deutsche Telekom 德意志電信 , the largest telephone group in Europe, used a private investigator to spy on journalists and board members. ，最大的電話集團在歐洲，用了一個私家偵探，刺探對記者和董事會成員。

Germany has had, in general, an admirable system for protecting privacy.德國已，一般來說，一個令人欽佩的制度，保護個人隱私。 It is crumbling not because its elite has made a few mistakes, but because of new economic and social pressures that businesses in all countries face.這是搖搖欲墜，不是因為它的精英作出了幾個失誤，但由於新的經濟和社會的壓力，企業在所有國家面對的問題。

What Telekom did is emerging in dribs and drabs.什麼是電信沒有出現在dribs和drabs 。 In January 2005 – when Kai-Uwe Ricke, its chief executive, was trying to right the company’s finances by cutting 45,000 jobs – the German business magazine Capital published an article based on top-level Telekom documents.在2005年1月-時，由K ai- U weR icke則其行政長官，正試圖權利，該公司的財政狀況，減少4 .5萬就業機會-德國商業雜誌的資本發表了一篇文章，基於對高層電信文件。 Mr Ricke and the chairman of the supervisory board, Klaus Zumwinkel, believed the leak was coming from the board. Ricke則先生和主席，監事會，克勞斯zumwinkel ，相信洩漏是來自董事會。 They decided to plug it.他們決定，以堵塞。 A company called Network Deutschland was hired.一家名為網絡德國聘請了。 It is alleged to have monitored hundreds of thousands of phone calls in an effort to find the mole.據指稱，有監察，數以十萬計的電話，在努力尋找的摩爾。 It may have traced individuals’ whereabouts with mobile phone data and even kept tabs on Blackstone, the US investment group, which bought a stake in the company in 2006.它可能有追查個人的下落，與移動電話數據，甚至不斷的標籤，黑石，美國投資集團，購買了股份，該公司在2006年。

Earlier this year, Ralf Kühn, the head of Network Deutschland, faxed an invoice for several hundred thousand euros for services rendered.今年早些時候，拉爾夫kühn ，頭部網絡德國，傳真的發票數一十點○萬歐元所提供的服務。 He offered “a controlled termination of our business relationship protected against indiscretion”, as Der Spiegel’s account put it.他提供的“控制終止我們的業務關係不受indiscretion ” ，明鏡周刊的帳戶把它。 The current Telekom chief, René Obermann, who took over from Mr Ricke in November 2006, contacted prosecutors.目前的電信行政，勒內雷，誰接手先生Ricke則在2006年11月，聯絡檢察官。 Mr Ricke, Mr Zumwinkel and six others are now under investigation. Ricke則先生，先生zumwinkel和其他6個，現正在調查中。 (Mr Obermann is not.) Telekom’s former security chief has said that neither the chief executive nor the chairman was informed of the means used to investigate the leaks. （雷先生是不是。 ）電信公司的前安全首長已表示，無論是行政長官，也不是主席，被告知所使用的手段調查洩漏。

The US computer giant美國計算機巨頭 Hewlett-Packard 惠普公司 had a similar scandal in 2006 involving leaks from the board and private investigators hired to uncover them.也有類似的醜聞，在2006年，涉及洩漏委員會和聘請私家偵探發現他們。 Why has this one struck a nerve?為什麼有這樣一個一個的神經？ For one thing, German politics has lately been focused on data security.為一件事，德國政治，最近集中在數據安全性。 This year Germany came into compliance with European Union directives calling for phone records to be stored for at least six months.今年德國生效遵守歐洲聯盟的指示，要求通話記錄被儲存在至少6個月。 Wolfgang Schäuble, the interior minister, has asked for broader powers to monitor telecommunications, the better to fight terrorism.沃爾夫岡schäuble ，內政部長，所要求的更廣泛的權力，監察電訊，更好地打擊恐怖主義。

Corporate leaders have very good reasons to treat boardroom leaks as emergencies.企業領袖有很好的理由來對待董事會洩漏作為緊急情況。 Responsibilities to shareholders can be compromised by the loss of business plans and trade secrets.責任股東可以妥協的損失，業務計劃及商業秘密。 There are moral responsibilities, too.有道義責任，太。 Leaks can be a sign of insider trading.洩漏可能是一個跡象，內幕交易。 If they are not curbed, the likelihood that they will lead to some kind of market manipulation will grow.如果他們沒有遏制，可能會導致某種形式的市場操縱將會增加。 Against that, what is it to take a peek at a few phone calls?對，什麼是它採取一聚醚醚酮在幾個電話？ If you raise freedom of the press, a hard-headed executive can reply – in good conscience – that he is not against it; he is interested only in rooting underhanded conduct out of his boardroom.如果您提高新聞自由，硬為首的長官能答复-在良好的良心-他是不會反對;他有興趣，只有在生根un derhanded進行了他的董事會。

But here a line may have been crossed – because it is alleged that Telekom monitored not just its employees but its customers, private citizens.但在這裡一條線可能已越過-因為它是指電信監管不僅是其僱員，但其客戶，私人公民。 It may have done so with the help of data the company collected on them in the course of ordinary business.它可能有這樣做的幫助下，該公司的數據收集對他們在這個過程中普通的業務。 If that is the case, then this was less a matter of fiduciary responsibility or “quality control” than a privatised espionage operation.如果是這種情況，那麼，這是少的問題，受託人責任，或“質量控制”比私有化的間諜行動。

After these revelations, Financial Times Deutschland reported that in 2000 its own reporter, Tasso Enzweiler, had been tailed, filmed and investigated by Control Risks, a company hired by Telekom.之後，這些啟示，德國金融時報報導說，在2000年自己接受記者採訪時塔索enzweiler ，已尾，拍攝和調查，控制風險，公司聘請的電信公司。 At one point, according to a report filed by Control Risks and cited by FTD, two teams run by a second company called Desa were tailing Mr Enzweiler around the clock, tactics reminiscent of East Germany’s secret police, the Stasi.在這一點上，根據一份報告，提交風險控制和所列舉的ftd ，兩支球隊來說，由一個公司所謂的第二次經社部被尾礦先生enzweiler周圍的時鐘，戰術想起在東德的秘密警察，斯塔茲。 Desa, as it happens, was founded by former Stasi agents.經社部，因為它的情況，成立了由前斯塔茲代理商。

That is what is unsettling.這是什麼是不安。 When we talk about the “power” of corporations we usually mean they have money and influence.當我們談論“權力”的公司，我們通常意味著他們有金錢和影響力。 But the allegations against Telekom describe a company exercising the kind of power we associate with states.但指控描述電信公司行使的一種權力，我們與各國的聯繫。 Of course, Telekom, in which the German government still owns a 32 per cent stake, is a hybrid company.當然，電信，在其中，德國政府仍擁有32 ％的股份，是一種混合公司。

But Telekom’s state-like power comes from its operation in telecommunications, its trade in data.但電信的國有企業一樣，權力來自其運作在電信，其貿易在數據中。 The power that data offer is of a peculiar kind.權力提供的數據是一個奇特的一種。 Why has Facebook’s market been estimated at $15bn?為什麼Facebook的的市場估計為15bn ？ Not because of any “product” Facebook “sells” to its members.不是因為任何“產品”臉譜“出售”給它的成員。 The value comes from the window it offers on the consumer preferences of its millions of members.價值來自窗口，它提供了對消費者的喜好，其以百萬計的成員。 Personal data are to the new economy what oil reserves are to the old one – the core commodity.個人資料是新經濟什麼的石油儲量是舊-為核心的商品。 Is it realistic to expect a company that controls a lot of data to feign ignorance of their political uses forever?它是現實的期望一家公司控制了很多數據，以假裝無知，他們的政治用途永遠？

Mr Schäuble would like to establish some code of self-regulation for telecom companies.議員schäuble想建立一些代碼，自我規管的電信公司。 Renate Künast, a prominent Green parliamentarian, does not think that is possible.雷娜特künast ，一個突出綠色國會議員，並不認為是可能的。 She told the Frankfurter Rundschau that the only real way of protecting data is to keep as little as possible.她告訴法蘭克福rundschau認為，唯一真正的方式保護數據，是保持盡可能少。 Ms Künast’s approach would do economic harm, because it would destroy a valuable commodity.女士künast的做法將盡的經濟損害，因為它會破壞了寶貴的商品。 But she has a point.但她有一個點。 Maybe personal data are a man-made equivalent of what economists call the “resource curse”.也許個人資料是一個人為製造的相當於什麼樣的經濟學家稱為“資源的詛咒” 。 Just as there is a correlation between oil wealth and autocracy, there appears to be some link – hard to define but getting easier – between the growth of our information wealth and a dwindling of our liberties.就像是有相關關係的石油財富和獨裁，似乎有一些聯繫-很難界定，但越來越容易-之間的增長，我們的信息財富和越來越少，我們的自由。

The writer is a senior editor at The Weekly Standard 作者是一位資深編輯在每週的標準

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This entry was posted on Saturday, June 7th, 2008 at 1:04 am and is filed under 此項目被張貼在週六， 2008年6月7日在上午01時04分，並提交下 Surveillance, Civil Liberties & Human Rights News 監視，公民自由及人權新聞 . 。 You can follow any responses to this entry through the 您可以按照任何的反應，此項目通過 RSS 2.0 2.0 feed. 餵養。 You can 您可以 leave a response 留下的回應 , or ，或 trackback Trackback跟踪 from your own site. 從你自己的網站。

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