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Space-Based Domestic Spying: Kicking Civil Liberties to the Curb基於空間的國內監聽:踢民權路邊

Wednesday, November 12th, 2008 星期三, 2008年十一月12號

By Tom Burghardt |湯姆瑞光|

Last month, I上個月,我 reported報告 that the Department of Homeland Security’s (該國土安全部( DHS美國國土安全部 ) space-based domestic spy program run by that agency’s National Applications Office (NAO) had gone live October 1. )以空間為基礎的國內間諜程序運行由該機構的國家應用辦公室(腦瘤)已經生活10月1日。

Federal Computer Week 聯邦計算機周刊 reports報告 that Charles Allen, DHS’ Undersecretary for Intelligence and Analysis, told the 5th annual查爾斯艾倫,美國國土安全部,負責情報和分析說,第5次年度 GEOINT Symposium地理空間情報研討會 on geospatial intelligence in Nashville late last month that, “DHS’ imagery requirements are significantly greater, in number and scope, than they were at the department’s creation, and will continue to grow at an accelerating rate as the department’s mission-space evolves.”地理空間情報在田納西州首府納什維爾上月底說, “國土安全部'意象要求顯著,在數量和範圍,比他們在該部的建立,並且將繼續增長加速的部門的任務空間發展。 “

Indeed during Hurricane Ike, US Customs and Border Protection for the first time flew the Predator B unmanned aerial vehicle in “support of the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s relief efforts,” the insider tech publication reported.事實上艾克颶風期間,美國海關和邊境保護的首次飛行乙捕食者無人機在“支持的聯邦緊急事務管理署的救濟工作, ”內幕科技出版報告。

As readers are well aware, the Predator B carries out “targeted assassinations” of “terrorist suspects” across Afghanistan, Iraq and Pakistan.正如讀者都知道,乙捕食者進行“定點暗殺”的“恐怖嫌疑人”在阿富汗,伊拉克和巴基斯坦。 The deployment of the robotic killing machines in the United States for “disaster management” is troubling to say the least and a harbinger of things to come.部署機器人殺人機器在美國的“災害管理”令人不安的是至少和預示的東西來。

Despite objections by Congress and civil liberties groups DHS, in close collaboration with the ultra-spooky National Reconnaissance Office (儘管反對由國會和公民自由團體國土安全部的密切配合下,超驚悚的國家偵察辦公室( NRO國家偵察局 ), the agency that develops and maintains America’s fleet of military spy satellites, and the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency ( ) ,該機構的開發和維護美國的艦隊的軍事間諜衛星,以及國家地理空間情報局( NGA ) that analyzes military imagery and generates mapping tools, are proceeding with the first phase of the controversial domestic spying program. ) ,分析圖像和軍事產生的繪圖工具,目前正在與第一階段的有爭議的國內監聽計劃。

NAO will coordinate how domestic law enforcement and “disaster relief” agencies such as FEMA will use satellite imagery intelligence (IMINT) generated by military spy satellites.審計署將如何協調國內執法和“救災”機構,如聯邦緊急事務管理局將利用衛星圖像情報( IMINT )所產生的軍事間諜衛星。 As I正如我 wrote寫信 earlier this year, unlike commercial satellites, their military cousins are far more flexible, have greater resolution and therefore possess more power to monitor human activity.今年早些時候,不像商業衛星,其軍事表親更為靈活,有更大的決議,並因此擁有更多的權力,以監測人類活動。

Testifying before the House Homeland Security committee in September, Barry Steinhardt, Director of the ACLU’s Technology and Liberty Project, called for a moratorium on the domestic use of military spy satellites until key questions were answered.作證眾議院國土安全委員會在9月,巴里斯坦哈特主任,美國公民自由聯盟技術和自由項目,要求暫時停止在國內使用的軍事間諜衛星,直到關鍵問題都得到了答复。 Steinhardt斯坦哈特 said , “Congress needs to act before this potentially powerful surveillance tool is turned inward upon the American people. “國會需要採取行動之前,這個潛在的強大監視工具打開抵港後美國人民。 The domestic use of spy satellites represents a potential monster in the making, and we need to put some restraints in place before it grows into something that will trample Americans’ privacy rights.”在國內使用的間諜衛星是一個潛在的怪物的決策,我們需要把一些限制在面前的增長成某種踐踏,將美國人的隱私權利。 “

Needless to say, a feckless Congress has done virtually nothing to halt the program.不用說, feckless大會做了幾乎沒有任何停止的計劃。 As The Wall Street Journal 正如華爾街日報 reported報告 in early October, Congress’ “partial funding” of the office “in a little debated $634 billion spending measure,” means that NAO is now providing federal, state and local officials “with extensive access to spy-satellite imagery.”在10月初,美國國會“部分資金”辦公室“在一個小辯論六千三百四十〇萬點零萬美元支出的措施, ”也就是說,現在是腦瘤提供聯邦,州和地方官員“廣泛接觸間諜衛星圖像。 ”

Allen told the GEOINT Symposium that while “geospatial efforts are being coordinated across agencies,” technical hurdles must be overcome in order to improve geospatial IT applications. Federal Computer Week avers,艾倫說,地理空間情報研討會上指出,而“地理空間正在努力協調各機構, ”技術障礙必須克服,以改善地理空間信息技術的應用。 聯邦計算機周刊斷言,

For developing future satellite imagery capabilities, Allen recommended diversity, availability, survivability and flexibility for future systems in a satellite and modular payload system similar to what was advised by the Marino Report in July 2007 to the director of the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency and the National Reconnaissance Office.對於發展中國家未來的衛星圖像的能力,艾倫建議多樣性,可用性,生存能力和靈活性,為今後系統的衛星和模塊化有效載荷系統類似於獲悉的聖馬力諾報告在2007年7月向主管國家地理空間情報局和國家偵察辦公室。

“It describes an architecture that allows for short time between launch as well as an option for variable modalities. “它描述的架構,使短的時間內發射之間以及變量的選擇方式。 This kind of diversity is what I believe will be necessary to assure adequate collection of a wide array of targets,” Allen said.這種多樣性是我認為必須保證足夠的收集各種各樣的目標, “阿倫說。 (Alice Lipowicz, “Geospatial Intelligence Use Grows at DHS, Official Says,” Federal Computer Week , October 30, 2008) (愛麗絲Lipowicz , “地理空間情報使用國土安全部的增長,官員說, ” 聯邦計算機周刊十月三十日2008年)

What those “variable modalities” are were not spelled out by Federal Computer Week .什麼是“可變模式”是不是說明了聯邦計算機周刊 However, the Marino Report was released by然而,聖馬力諾報告公佈 Chesapeake Analytics Corporation切薩皮克分析公司 , an under-the-radar Arlington, Virginia-based private defense contractor that describes itself “as a ’boutique’ consulting firm” for senior executives “in the geospatial technology sector.” The一個不足的雷達弗吉尼亞州阿靈頓的私人國防承包商,說明自己“作為一個'精品'諮詢公司”的高級管理人員“在空間技術領域者。 ” report報告 itself was written by Defense Group Inc. (本身是由國防部的書面集團( DGI工業署署長 ), a spooky Falls Church, Virginia defense contractor for NRO and NGA. ) ,一個幽靈般的瀑布教堂,弗吉尼亞州的國防承包商的國家偵察局和白蛋白。 According to their website, DGI “customers” include the Department of Homeland Security, the Department of Defense and “numerous Intelligence Agencies.”根據他們的網站,工業署署長“客戶”包括國土安全部,國防部和“眾多的情報機構。 ”

As we have seen however, the use of satellite imagery during “national security events” such as last summer’s political conventions in Denver and St. Paul may have aided FBI and local law enforcement in their preemptive raids on protest organizers and subsequent squelching of dissent.正如我們已經看到然而,利用衛星圖像在“國家安全的事件” ,如去年夏天的政治公約,在丹佛和聖保祿可能計算機輔助聯邦調查局和當地執法部門在其先發製人的襲擊抗議的組織者和隨後的壓制持不同政見者。 One wonders if this is what DGI refers to when they write that the company “performs work in the national interest, advancing public safety and national security through innovative research, analysis and applied technology”?人們不禁要問,如果這是指工業署署長時,寫說,該公司“執行工作的國家利益,促進公眾安全和國家安全通過創新的研究,分析和應用技術” ?

NAO’s launch is all the more troubling since an independent review of the program by the Government Accountability Office (腦瘤的推出更是令人不安的,因為一個獨立的審查程序由政府問責辦公室( GAO ) found that the department has been less than forthcoming that NAO complies with privacy laws and doesn’t violate the Posse Comitatus Act. )發現,該署已不到即將到來的腦瘤符合隱私的法律和不違反波塞Comitatus法。

The 1878 law prohibits the military from playing a role in domestic law enforcement.在1878年的法律禁止軍隊發揮作用,國內執法。 Since the 1990s however, Posse Comitatus has been eroded significantly by both Democratic and Republican administrations, primarily in the areas of “drug interdiction,” “border security” as well as “Continuity of Government” planning by US Northern Command (NORTHCOM). 20世紀90年代以來然而,波塞Comitatus已大大削弱民主和共和兩黨管理部門,主要是在“禁毒” , “邊界安全”以及“政府的連續性”規劃由美國北方司令部(北方司令部) 。

Despite objections by GAO auditors DHS securocrats held up the release of their 60-page report, citing its “sensitive nature.” The September 15, 2008儘管反對高審計員securocrats國土安全部舉行了釋放其60頁的報告中,稱其“敏感性質。 ”在08年九月15號 report報告 , entitled “National Applications Office.題為“國家應用辦公室。 Certification of Compliance With Legal, Privacy, and Civil Liberties Standards Needs to Be More Fully Justified,” is now in the public domain and was finally released November 6, two days after American national elections.認證遵守法律,隱私和公民自由的標準需要更充分的理由, “現在是在公共領域,並終於11月6日發布兩天後,美國全國選舉。

It makes for a very troubling read.它使一個非常令人不安閱讀。 In their November 6 cover letter to congressional committees, the GAO writes:在其11月6日支付給國會委員會,高寫道:

Citing a growing need to use classified satellite information for civil or domestic purposes, in 2005, an independent study group reviewed the future role of the CAC [Civil Applications Committee] and concluded that although the civil domestic users were well supported through the CAC, homeland security and law enforcement users lacked a coherent, organized, and focused process to access classified satellite information.引用越來越需要使用衛星信息歸類為民事或住宅用途的,在2005年,一個獨立的研究小組審查了今後的作用股市[公務員應用委員會] ,並得出結論說,雖然民間有國內用戶的支持以及通過股市,家園安全和執法使用者缺乏連貫,有組織,有重點的進程訪問機密衛星的信息。 (GAO, “National Applications Office Certification Review,” GAO-09-105R, November 6, 2008) (高, “國家應用辦公室認證審查, ”高- 09 - 105R , 08年11月6日)

However, the “independent study group” cited by GAO was neither independent nor predisposed towards limiting the deployment of military spy satellites for domestic “missions.” Indeed that report, “Independent Study Group, Civil Applications Committee Blue Ribbon Study,” (September 2005), was the product of a panel comprised solely of securocrats and defense and security contractors who stand to make a bundle on NAO. As investigative journalist Tim Shorrock然而, “獨立研究小組”援引高既不是獨立的,也不傾向於朝向限制部署的軍事間諜衛星,為國內“任務。 ”的確該報告中, “獨立研究組,公務員應用委員會藍帶研究” ( 2005年9月) ,是產品組成一個小組僅以securocrats及國防和安全承包誰的立場,使捆綁的腦瘤。作為調查記者邵添 revealed發現 last year, the intelligence-sharing system to be managed by NAO,去年,情報共享系統管理的腦瘤,

…will rely heavily on private contractors including Boeing, BAE Systems, L-3 Communications and Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC). ...將主要依靠私人承包商包括波音公司, BAE系統公司, L - 3通信公司和科學應用國際公司( SAIC ) 。 These companies already provide technology and personnel to US agencies involved in foreign intelligence, and the NAO greatly expands their markets.這些公司已經提供技術和人才向美國有關機構的外國情報,審計署將大大提高它們的市場。 Indeed, at an intelligence conference in San Antonio, Texas, last month, the titans of the industry were actively lobbying intelligence officials to buy products specifically designed for domestic surveillance.事實上,在一個情報會議在德克薩斯州聖安東尼奧,上個月,巨頭的行業正在積極遊說情報官員購買產品專為國內監視。 (”Domestic Spying, Inc.” CorpWatch , November 27, 2007) ( “國內監聽,公司” CorpWatch , 2007年11月27日)

Indeed, the “independent study group” was appointed by Mike McConnell, the Director of National Intelligence who himself was a senior vice president for ten years with the spooky Booz Allen Hamilton corporation.事實上, “獨立研究小組”是由麥康奈爾主任的國家情報誰是自己的高級副總裁10年,怪異博思艾倫公司。 McConnell oversaw that firm’s extensive contracts in military intelligence and information operations for the Pentagon, Shorrock麥康奈爾監督該公司的大量合同在軍事情報和信息業務的五角大樓,邵 reported報告 in March 2008.在2008年3月。

GAO investigators have determined that while DHS “has established procedures for legal review, it has not yet fully addressed all outstanding issues regarding how the planned operations of the NAO, as described in the department’s certification documents, are to comply with legal requirements.高調查人員已確定,而美國國土安全部“的既定程序,法律審查,但尚未完全解決所有懸而未決的問題就如何規劃業務的腦瘤,如本文的部門的證明文件,是符合法律規定。 Specifically, DHS has not resolved legal and policy issues associated with NAO support for law enforcement.” As investigators outlined:具體來說,美國國土安全部尚未解決的法律和政策問題與腦瘤支持執法。 “作為調查概述:

DHS originally did not fulfill agency requirements to identify privacy risks and control mechanisms but recently has taken steps to do so.美國國土安全部原來沒有履行機構的要求確定的隱私風險和控制機制,但最近已經採取步驟,這樣做。 At the time of NAO certification, DHS did not fully explain how the office would comply with widely accepted privacy standards, such as the need for personally identifiable information to be accurate, secure, and used only for limited purposes.在時間的腦瘤認證,美國國土安全部沒有充分解釋如何辦事處將符合普遍接受的隱私標準,如需要個人身份信息是準確,可靠,並只能用於有限的用途。 Specifically, the NAO’s original privacy assessment did not identify or analyze the risks that NAO operations might not meet these standards, nor did it specify measures to mitigate such risks.具體來說,審計署的原始隱私評估沒有確定或分析的風險腦瘤行動可能不符合這些標準,也沒有具體措施來減輕這種風險。 In response to discussions with us regarding these shortcomings, the Privacy Office developed a revised assessment that represented a substantial improvement in identifying privacy risks and mitigating controls to address them, such as providing appropriate oversight and building a process to identify and correct inaccurate information.在回答與我們討論有關這些缺點,隱私廳制定了經修訂的評估,即代表了很大的改進,確定的隱私風險和減輕管制,以解決這些問題,如提供適當的監督和建設進程,以發現和糾正不準確的信息。 However, differences between the review procedures outlined in the revised privacy impact assessment and those in the standard operating procedures raise questions about whether the specifics of the NAO’s privacy protection controls have been clearly established.然而,分歧的審查程序,在修訂的隱私影響評估和那些在標準作業程序提出質疑的具體腦瘤的隱私保護控制了明確規定。 (GAO, op. cit. p. 4) (高,同前。前。第4頁)

While paltry recommendations towards mitigating potential civil liberties’ and privacy abuses by NAO were submitted to the DHS Undersecretary of Intelligence and Analysis (Charles Allen), GAO found that “specific measures have not yet been developed to address the potential for improper use or retention of information provided by the NAO and the potential for impermissible requests to be accepted as a result of a reliance on broad annual memorandums as justifications.” In other words at NAO, as at other intelligence agencies across the war on terror’s domestic “battlespace,” it’s business as usual.雖然微不足道的建議,減輕潛在的公民自由和隱私權的侵犯腦瘤已提交給國土安全部副部長的情報和分析(查爾斯阿倫) ,高發現, “具體措施尚未制訂解決潛在的不當使用或保留所提供的資料腦瘤和潛在的不允許請求被接受的,由於依賴廣泛年度諒解備忘錄的理由。 “換句話說在腦瘤,在其他情報機構在反恐戰爭的國內”戰場, “這一切照舊。

Three categories of classified satellite information are to be provided law enforcement by the National Applications Office:三個類別的分類信息,衛星將提供執法由國家應用辦公室:

* Geospatial intelligence (GEOINT) –GEOINT is defined as “the exploitation and analysis of imagery and geospatial information to describe, assess, and visually depict physical features and geographically referenced activities on the Earth. * 地理空間情報(地理空間情報)地理空間情報的定義是“剝削和分析的圖像和地理空間信息描述,評估,和視覺描繪物理特性和地理參照活動在地球上。 Geospatial intelligence consists of imagery, imagery intelligence, and geospatial information.”地理空間情報包括圖像,圖像情報和地理空間信息。 “

* Measurement and signature intelligence (MASINT) –MASINT is defined as intelligence “derived from measurements of physical phenomena intrinsic to an object or event.” These phenomena can include the following types:” electro-optical, infrared, laser, spectral, radar, polarimetric, high-power or unintentional radio frequency emanations, geophysical, chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear.” * 測量和簽字情報( MASINT ) MASINT是指情報“來自測量的物理現象所固有的,一個物體或事件。 ”這些現象可以包括下列類型: “電子光學,紅外,激光,光譜,雷達,極化,高功率或無意的無線電頻率emanations ,地球物理,化學,生物,放射性或核武器。 “

* Electronic intelligence (ELINT) –ELINT is defined as “technical and geolocation intelligence derived from non-communications electromagnetic radiations emanating from other than nuclear detonations or radioactive sources. *電子情報(電子情報) ,電子情報的定義是: “技術和地理情報來自非通信電磁輻射來自以外的其他核爆炸或放射源。 It does not include oral or written communications.” Thus, ELINT could include intelligence based on signals from machines, such as computers, but not telephone conversations or other communications between individuals.它不包括口頭或書面通報。 “因此,電子情報可能包括情報基礎上的信號機,如電腦,但沒有電話交談或其他個人之間的通信。 (GAO, op. cit., p. 25) (高,同前。前。 ,第25頁)

While DHS has yet to resolve legal and policy issues associated with NAO support for law enforcement operations, the Office still continues to identify such support as a key element of its “mission.” Indeed, DHS’ Civil Rights and Civil Liberties Office did not resolve how NAO will comply with the applicability of the 4th Amendment to the Constitution which prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures, Posse Comitatus and the Reagan-era Executive Order 12333 that limits how federal intelligence agencies collect information on US citizens and legal residents.儘管美國國土安全部尚未解決的法律和政策問題與腦瘤支持執法行動,該辦公室仍繼續以確定這種支持作為一項重要內容的“使命。 ”事實上,美國國土安全部'公民權利和公民自由辦公室並沒有解決如何審計署將遵守適用的第4次憲法修正案,禁止不合理的搜查和扣押,波塞Comitatus和裡根時代的行政命令12333 ,限制如何聯邦情報機構收集情報的美國公民和合法居民。

Citing lax standards in NAO’s legal review process, GAO found that “the process for developing and approving annual memorandums for MASINT and ELINT has not been delineated.引用鬆懈標準腦瘤的法律審查過程中,高認為, “這一進程的制定和批准的年度備忘錄MASINT和電子情報尚未劃定。 Such procedures are an important control in assuring that access, retention, and sharing of information is properly constrained.”這種程序是一個重要的控制,以確保獲得,保留和分享信息是正確的限制。 “

However, as the eight long years of the Bush administration have demonstrated, any and all measures to “constrain” out of control federal spy agencies and their privatized assets in the corporate world have been rebuffed.但是,由於長達8年,布什政府已經表明,任何和所有措施,以“限制”失去控制的聯邦情報機構的私有化和資產的企業世界已拒絕。 Indeed, congressional oversight of the “intelligence community” and the Executive Branch is a joke–at the expense of an informed citizenry and democratic institutions accountable to the American people.事實上,國會監督的“智能社區”和執行處是一個笑話,以犧牲公民了解情況和民主機構負責向美國人民。

While DHS claims that data gathered for law enforcement purposes will be “in compliance with privacy and civil liberties laws and policies of the United States,” the GAO found that “by broadly sharing information with non-federal users, who are not bound by the Privacy Act, personal information could be at risk of being used in ways not specified when it was originally collected.” Considering that some 70% of US intelligence assets are employees of private security and defense contractors, NAO is a civil liberties disaster waiting to happen.雖然國土安全部稱,收集的數據為執法目的將是“在遵守隱私和公民自由的法律和政策,美國”的高認為, “通過廣泛的信息共享與非聯邦的用戶,誰不是受隱私權法,個人信息可能處於危險之中被使用的方式沒有具體規定時,原來收集的。 “考慮到大約70 %的美國情報機構的資產僱員的私人保安和國防承包商,腦瘤是一個公民自由等災害發生。

GAO revealed four key areas where privacy risks have been identified:高發現四個關鍵領域的隱私風險已經確定:

1. 1 。 An individual may be unaware that personally identifiable information will be collected about him or her in response to a request processed by the NAO.個人可能不知道的個人身份信息將收集有關他或她的要求處理的腦瘤。

2. 2 。 Personally identifiable information may be collected, analyzed, or disseminated in a manner that makes the information inaccurate.個人識別信息可能會收集,分析,或傳播方式,使信息不準確的。

3. 3 。 Personally identifiable information may be misused by a requestor.個人身份信息可能被濫用的要求。

4. 4 。 Associated technology may improve so dramatically that qualitatively new capabilities will enable the gathering of personally identifiable information in ways that are impossible today, thus creating new potential privacy risks.相關技術可顯著改善,使這一質的新功能將能夠使收集個人身份信息的方式是不可能的今天,從而創造了新的潛在的隱私風險。 (GAO, op. cit., p. 44) (高,同前。前。 ,第44頁)

DHS claims these issues will be mitigated by “providing appropriate oversight” and by “building a process to identify and correct inaccurate information, and ensuring that the DHS Privacy Office and DHS Office for Civil Rights and Civil Liberties remain critical components of all review processes as new and improved technology is developed.”美國國土安全部索賠的這些問題將得到緩解“提供適當的監督”和“建設進程,以發現和糾正不準確的信息,並確保美國國土安全部保密辦公室和國土安全辦公室公民權利和公民自由仍然是極為重要的組成部分,所有審查過程新的和改進技術的發展。 “

In other words, we’re to rely on DHS to police itself and that agencies critical to Office operations such as the National Reconnaissance Office and the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency will simply hand over America’s most closely-guarded intelligence secrets to federal civil rights attorneys for appropriate “oversight.” Talk about a blind leap into the darkness!換句話說,我們要依靠美國國土安全部警察本身和機構的重要業務辦公室,如國家偵察辦公室和國家地理空間情報局將完全交給美國最密切的守衛情報機密聯邦公務員律師的權利進行適當的“監督” 。談盲目跳入黑暗!

Let’s be clear here and shed whatever illusions one may have about the outcome of last Tuesday’s election.讓我們在這裡明確說明什麼幻想一個可能的結果上週二的大選。 Despite the overwhelming rejection of the Bush administration and their surrogates by the American people, the incoming Obama administration will pay lip-service to civil liberties and the rule of law.儘管絕大多數反對布什政府及其代理人的美國人民,新任政府將奧巴馬掛在嘴邊服務,以公民自由和法治。 This however, will amount to no more than a better public relations campaign, image management and product roll-out.不過,這將金額不超過一個更好的公共關係活動,圖像管理和產品推出。 America rebranded.美國更名。

But as we have seen throughout the unfolding disaster that is the “war on terror,” the Democrats have been fully complicit with the crimes of the Bush regime.不過,正如我們所看到的整個發生災難,是“反恐戰爭” ,民主黨人已經完全同謀的罪行,布什政權。 From the USA Patriot Act, warrantless wiretapping, immunity for criminal telecoms, “preemptive policing,” torture, financial fraud and the looting of the economy by capitalist grifters, not to mention the invasion and occupation of Afghanistan and Iraq, threats against Russia, China, Iran, Pakistan, Bolivia, Cuba and Venezuela–indeed any nation that doesn’t toe the imperialist line–the Democrats have been Bush’s most faithful and reliable partners.從美國愛國者法案,監聽,刑事豁免權的電信, “先發製人的治安, ”酷刑,金融詐騙和搶劫的資本主義經濟的騙子,更不用提入侵和佔領阿富汗和伊拉克,對俄羅斯的威脅,中國,伊朗,巴基斯坦,玻利維亞,古巴和委內瑞拉,事實上任何一個國家,不腳趾帝國主義線民主黨已布什的最忠實可靠的合作夥伴。

While the GAO’s report is a welcome addition to the already voluminous catalogue of Bushist horrors, one can expect that NAO’s law enforcement “mission” will quickly–and quietly–come on line.雖然高的報告是一個值得歡迎的除了已經浩繁目錄Bushist恐怖,人們可以期望,腦瘤的執法“使命”將很快和悄悄地來就行。 After all there’s bundles of cash, courtesy of the American people, that need to be spread far and wide!畢竟有捆的現金,禮貌的美國人民,需要廣為流傳!

Tom Burghardt is a researcher and activist based in the San Francisco Bay Area.湯姆瑞光是一個研究者和活動家總部設在舊金山灣區。 In addition to publishing in Covert Action Quarterly , Love & Rage and Antifa Forum , he is the editor of Police State America: US Military “Civil Disturbance” Planning , distributed by AK Press.除了出版的秘密行動季刊愛情與憤怒 ,並Antifa論壇 ,他是警方的編輯國家美國:美國的軍事“內亂”的規劃,分配支AK出版社。


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