Domestic Spying Far Outpaces Terrorism Prosecutions國內監聽遠遠超過恐怖主義的檢控
By Richard B. Schmitt | The number of Americans being secretly wiretapped or having their financial and other records reviewed by the government has continued to increase as officials aggressively use powers approved after the Sept. 11 attacks.由Richard乙施密特|多的美國人正在秘密竊聽或有其財務及其他紀錄，審查由政府繼續增加，作為官員積極利用權力批准後，九月十一日的攻擊。 But the number of terrorism prosecutions ending up in court — one measure of the effectiveness of such sleuthing — has continued to decline, in some cases precipitously.但這個數目恐怖主義的刑事檢控專員結束了在法庭上-一措施的成效，例如s leuthing-繼續下降，在某些情況下， p r ecipitously。
The trends, visible in new government data and a private analysis of Justice Department records, are worrisome to civil liberties groups and some legal scholars.的趨勢，可見在新政府的數據和私人分析，司法部的記錄，是令人擔憂的公民自由團體和一些法律學者。 They say it is further evidence that the government has compromised the privacy rights of ordinary citizens without much to show for it.他們說，這是進一步的證據表明，政府已作出妥協，隱私的權利，普通公民沒有多大，以顯示它。
The emphasis on spy programs also is starting to give pause to some members of Congress who fear the government is investing too much in anti-terrorism programs at the expense of traditional crime-fighting.側重於間諜程式也開始給停下來的一些國會議員，誰害怕政府是投資太多，在反恐怖主義計劃在犧牲傳統的打擊犯罪。 Other lawmakers are raising questions about how well the FBI is performing its counter-terrorism mission.其他國會議員提出的問題，有關如何以及聯邦調查局，是履行其反恐怖主義的任務。
The Senate Intelligence Committee last week concluded that the bureau was far behind in making internal changes to keep the nation safe from terrorist threats.參議院情報委員會上週得出結論認為，主席團遠遠落後於在作出內部的變化，以保持國家的安全免受恐怖威脅。 Lawmakers urged that the FBI set specific benchmarks to measure its progress and make more regular reports to Congress.國會議員敦促美國聯邦調查局制定了具體基準，以衡量其進展和作出更多的定期報告中向國會。
These concerns come as the Bush administration has been seeking to expand its ability to gather intelligence without prior court approval.這些問題來作為布什政府一直在尋求擴大其能力，情報蒐集未經法院批准。 It has asked Congress for amendments to the 1978 Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act to make it clear that eavesdropping on foreign telecommunications signals routed through the US does not require a warrant.它已要求國會修改1978年的外國情報監督法案，使其明確表示，監聽對外國電訊信號經由美國並不需要的手令。
Law enforcement officials say the additional surveillance powers have been critically important in ways the public does not always see.執法官員說，額外的監視權力，已極為重要的方式，市民並不總是見。 Threats can be mitigated, they say, by deporting suspicious people or letting them know that authorities are watching them.威脅可以得到緩解，他們說，由驅逐可疑的人或讓他們知道，當局正在看著他們。
“The fact that the prosecutions are down doesn’t mean that the utility of these investigations is down. “事實上，刑事檢控下降並不意味著公用事業這些調查是下跌。 It suggests that these investigations may be leading to other forms of prevention and protection,” said Thomas Newcomb, a former Bush White House national security aide.它表明，這些調查可能導致其他形式的預防和保護， “ Thomas說。 Newcomb ，前白宮國家安全助理。 He said there were half a dozen actions outside of the criminal courts that the government could take to snuff out potential threats, including using diplomatic or military channels.他說，有一半的十多位行動以外的刑事法庭認為，政府可以採取的扼殺潛在的威脅，包括使用外交或軍事渠道。
Although legal experts say they would not necessarily expect the number of prosecutions to rise along with the stepped-up surveillance, there are few other good ways to measure how well the government is progressing in keeping the country safe.雖然法律專家說，他們將不一定期望檢控的個案數目上升，隨著加強監察工作，很少有其他的好辦法來衡量如何，以及政府在進步，保持國家的安全。
“How does one measure the success? “如何衡量成功呢？ The short answer is we aren’t in a great position to know,” said Daniel Richman, a former federal prosecutor.簡短的答案是我們不會在一個偉大的立場，知道，說： “丹尼爾•里奇曼，一名前聯邦檢察官。 With prosecutions declining, he said, the public is left with imperfect and possibly misleading ways to gauge progress in the Bush administration’s war on terrorism — such as the number of secret warrants the government issues or the number of agents it assigns to terrorism cases.與檢控的下降，他說，市民是左與不完善，可能是具誤導性的方式來衡量的進展，布什政府的反恐戰爭中-例如有多少秘密值得政府的問題，或有多少代理商，它指派給恐怖主義案件。
“These are the only tracks in the snow left by terrorism investigations, if there are no more counter-terrorism prosecutions,” Richman said. “這些都是只有在路軌積雪留下的恐怖主義調查，如果沒有更多的反恐怖主義刑事檢控專員， ” •里奇曼說。 “This is why, more than ever, there is a pressing need for congressional oversight, for accountability at the top of the [Justice] department, and for public confidence in the department.” “這就是為什麼，比以往任何時候更是有迫切需要國會的監督，問責制在上方的[司法]署，以及市民的信心，在該部” 。
Changing numbers改變號碼
A recent study showed that the number of terrorism and national security cases initiated by the Justice Department in 2007 was more than 50% below 2002 levels.最近的一項研究表明，有多少恐怖主義和國家安全的情況下發起的，由司法部在2007年是50 ％以上，低於2002年的水平。 The nonprofit Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse at Syracuse University, which obtained the data under the Freedom of Information Act, found that the number of cases brought declined 19% in the last year alone, dropping to 505 in 2007 from 624 in 2006.非營利交易記錄存取交換在錫拉丘茲大學，獲得的數據，根據資訊自由法，發現案件數量下降19 ％ ，僅在去年一年，下降至505在2007年由624在2006年。
By contrast, the Justice Department reported last month that the nation’s spy court had granted 2,370 warrant requests by the department to search or eavesdrop on suspected terrorists and spies in the US last year — 9% more than in 2006.相比之下，美國司法部上個月報告說，國家的間諜法院已給予2370手令的要求，該署搜查或竊聽對可疑的恐怖分子和間諜在去年美國-九％以上在2 006年。 The number of such warrants approved by the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court has more than doubled since the 2001 terrorist attacks.有多少這類認股權證核准的外國情報監視法院已增加了一倍以上，自2001年恐怖襲擊。
The department also reported a sharp rise in the use of national security letters by the FBI — from 9,254 in 2005 to 12,583 in 2006, the latest data available.該部還報告急劇上升，在利用國家安全信件由聯邦調查局-從9 254在2 005年1 2583在2 006年，最新的數據。 The letters seek customer information from banks, Internet providers and phone companies.信中尋求客戶信息從銀行，互聯網服務供應商和電話公司。 They have caused a stir because consumers do not have a right to know that their information is being disclosed and the letters are issued without court oversight.他們所造成的轟動，因為消費者不都有權知道他們的資料，現正透露，和信發出的未經法院監督。
The inspector general of the Justice Department has found numerous cases in which FBI agents failed to comply with rules and guidelines in issuing the letters, often gaining access to information they were not entitled to.監察長司法部已發現眾多的案件中，聯邦調查局特工未能遵守的規則和指引，在發出信件，往往獲得的資料，他們無權享受。 The FBI has responded by taking a number of measures to tighten its internal procedures.美國聯邦調查局已作出回應，採取了一些措施，以加強其內部程序。
Civil liberties groups say the new data reveal a disturbing consequence of the government’s post-Sept.民權團體說，新的資料顯示，一個令人不安的後果，政府後的9月。 11 expanded surveillance capabilities. 11 ，擴大監測能力。
“The number of Americans being investigated dwarfs any legitimate number of actual terrorism prosecutions, and that is extremely troubling — for both the security and privacy of innocent Americans as well as for the squandering of resources on people who have not and never will be charged with any wrongdoing,” said Lisa Graves, deputy director of the Center for National Security Studies, a Washington-based civil liberties group. “多的美國人正在調查相形見絀任何合法的實際人數恐怖主義的檢控，這是非常令人不安的-雙方的安全和隱私無辜的美國人以及為浪費資源，對人們誰沒有也絕不會被落案控以任何不當行為，說： “麗莎的墳墓，中心副主任為國家安全的研究，一個總部設在華盛頓的公民自由組。
A mixed record混合記錄
But Dean Boyd, a Justice Department spokesman, said statistics on court-approved FISA applications and statistics on criminal prosecution were “apples and oranges.”但是，博伊德，司法部發言人說，統計數字，法庭批准的參賽指南和申請的統計數字，刑事檢控“蘋果和橘子” 。
“There are a variety of factors that may account for the increase in court-approved FISA applications since 9/11,” he said. “有各種各樣的因素可能佔的增加，法院批准的參賽指南申請自9 / 11 ， ”他說。 Boyd said he could not comment on those factors, but said, “It is important to remember that surveillance under FISA is authorized by an independent court and used carefully and judiciously to protect the country from national security threats.”博伊德說，他不能評論這些因素，但說： “這是重要的是要記住監視下，參賽指南，是授權由一個獨立的法院和使用的審慎和明智，以保護該國從國家安全的威脅” 。
Certainly, the government has pursued a number of high-profile terrorism cases of late.當然，政府已經採取了若干高姿態恐怖主義的案件已晚。 A US sailor was convicted in March of providing support to terrorists by passing classified information regarding movements of a Navy battle group to operators of an Internet site suspected of terrorist leanings.美國水兵被定罪，在三月提供支持恐怖分子通過機密資料的有關變動的海軍戰鬥群，以經營互聯網網站涉嫌恐怖傾向。
The record in court has been somewhat mixed, however.記錄在法庭上一直有點混亂，不過。 Federal prosecutors in Miami twice have failed to secure verdicts in the cases of six men accused of plotting to destroy Chicago’s Sears Tower and several FBI offices.聯邦檢察官在邁阿密的兩次失敗，以確保判決，在案件六名男子，指控策劃摧毀芝加哥的西爾斯大樓和幾個美國聯邦調查局辦事處。 After two mistrials, the “Liberty City Seven” case is due in court in January.經過兩年mistrials ， “自由城7號”案，是因為在法庭上，在1月。
Even some former government officials concede many intelligence investigations fail to yield evidence of a serious threat to the US “Most of these threats ultimately turn out to be wrong, or maybe just the investigating makes them go away,” said Washington lawyer Michael Woods, former head of the FBI national security law unit.甚至一些前政府官員也承認，很多情報的調查未能產量的證據，嚴重威脅到美國的“大部分的這些威脅，最終又是錯的，或者，也許只是調查使他們離開，說： ”華盛頓的律師邁克爾伍茲，前團長，聯邦調查局，國家安全法的單位。 “A lot more information is going to pass through government hands, and most of that is going to be about people who turn out to be innocent or irrelevant.” “很多的更多信息，是要通過政府手中，而且大部分是要與人有關的誰出來是無辜的或無關” 。
Copyright 2008 Los Angeles Times版權2008年洛杉磯時報
See More: 看到更多的： Spying 諜報活動 USA News 美國新聞Have Your Say: Domestic Spying Far Outpaces Terrorism Prosecutions 有您這樣說：國內監聽遠遠超過恐怖主義的檢控
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