DARPA的合同说明暗示了先进的视频间谍

Monday, October 20th, 2008 星期一， 08年10月二十日

Real-time streaming video of Iraqi and Afghan battle areas taken from thousands of feet in the air can follow actions of people on the ground as they dig, shake hands, exchange objects and kiss each other goodbye.实时视频流的伊拉克和阿富汗作战领域从数千英尺空气中可以遵循的行动的人在地面上挖他们，握手，交流对象和亲吻对方再见。

The video is sent from unmanned and manned aircraft to intelligence analysts at ground stations in the United States and abroad.该视频是来自无人和载人飞机，情报分析员在地面站在美国和海外。 They watch video in real time of people getting in and out of cars, loading trunks, dropping things or picking them up.他们观看视频的实时的人越来越进出的车辆，装载的树干，投掷东西，或挑选起来。 They can even see vehicles accelerate, slow down, move together or make U-turns.他们甚至可以看到车辆加速，减速，共同努力，或U型满。

“The dynamics of an urban insurgency have resulted in a rapid increase in the number of activities visible in the video field of view,” according to the “动态的城市暴乱造成了数量迅速增加的活动可见在视频领域的观点， ”按照 Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency国防高级研究项目署 . 。

Although the exploits of the Predator, the Global Hawk and other airborne collectors of information have been widely publicized, there are few authoritative descriptions of what they can see on the ground.虽然利用的捕食者，全球鹰和其他空气中收集的信息已被广泛宣传，很少有权威性的说明什么，他们可以看到地面上。

But some insights into the capabilities of the Predator and other aircraft can be drawn from a DARPA paper that describes the tasks of a contractor that will develop a method of indexing and rapidly finding video from archived aerial surveillance tapes collected over past years.但是，一些洞察能力的捕食和其他飞机可以得出一个DARPA的文件，描述了任务的承包商，将开发一种方法索引和快速找到视频存档的空中监视录像带收集了过去几年。

“The “在 US military美国军事 and intelligence communities have an ever increasing need to monitor live video feeds and search large volumes of archived video data for activities of interest due to the rapid growth in development and fielding of motion video systems,” according to the DARPA paper, which was written in March but released last month.和情报界已越来越需要监测实时视频资料和搜寻大量的视频数据存档活动的应收利息的快速增长，发展和派遣动态视频系统“ ，根据DARPA文件，该文件写于3月，但上个月发布的。

Last month, Kitware, a small software company with offices in New York and North Carolina, teamed up with 19 other companies and universities and won the $6.7 million first phase of the DARPA contract, which is not expected to be completed before 2011.上个月， Kitware ，一个小的软件公司，在纽约和北卡罗来纳州，联同其他19个公司和大学并获得670万美元第一阶段的DARPA的合同，这不是预计将在2011年之前完成。

During the Cold War, satellites and aircraft took still pictures that intelligence analysts reviewed one frame at a time to identify the locations of missile silos, airplane hangars, submarine pens and factories, said冷战期间，卫星和飞机的图片，仍然情报分析员审查一帧的时间确定的地点，导弹发射井，飞机库，潜艇钢笔和工厂，说 John Pike约翰派克 , director of GlobalSecurity.org, an expert in space and intelligence matters. GlobalSecurity.org负责人，专家在空间和情报事项。

“Now with new full-motion video intelligence techniques, we are looking at people and their behavior in public,” he said. “现在，新的全动态视频情报技术，我们期待人民和他们的行为在公共场所， ”他说。

The resolution capability of the video systems ranges from four inches to a foot, depending on the collector and environmental conditions at the time, according to the DARPA paper.该决议的能力视频系统的范围从4英寸到一英尺，这取决于收藏家和环境条件时，根据DARPA文件。 The video itself is also shaped by the angle to the ground from which it is shot, although there are 3-D capabilities that allow viewers on the ground to manipulate videos of objects so they can see them from different vantage points.影片本身也形成的角度向地面从它开枪，虽然有三维的能力，使观众在地面上操作的视频对象，使他们可以看到他们从不同的角度。

Systems also exist that allow tracking, moving-target detection of objects under forest or other cover and determination of exact geographic location.系统还存在，使跟踪，移动目标探测物体的森林或其他支付和决心的确切地理位置。 Development is underway of systems that allow recognition of faces and gait — in other words, human identification.目前正在开发的系统，使识别面孔和步态-换句话说，人类识别。

Currently, because there are so many activities or objects to be watched for hints of suspicious behavior, “more analysts .目前，因为有这么多的活动或物体被看为线索的可疑行为“ ，更多的分析家。 . 。 . 。 watch the same, real-time video stream simultaneously,” according to DARPA.观看同一，实时视频流的同时， “根据DARPA 。 “If any of the given activities or objects are spotted, the analyst issues an alert to the proper authorities.” “如果任何特定的活动或物体的发现，分析问题的警觉，有关当局。 ”

Future collection systems are expected to provide even more imagery, cover areas greater than 16 square miles and make it more difficult “for a limited number of analysts to effectively monitor and scrutinize all potential activities within the streaming field of view,” DARPA wrote.未来的收集系统，预计将提供更多的图像，涉及的领域大于16平方英里，变得更加困难“数目有限的分析师，有效监督和检查所有可能的范围内活动领域的流媒体认为， ” DARPA写道。

Today’s volume of intelligence data, beyond just streaming video, already “makes it very difficult to detect specific events in real time and too time intensive to search archived video,” the DARPA paper said.今天的量的情报资料，不仅是视频流，已经“使人们很难发现具体的事件进行实时和过于密集的时间搜索存档的录像， ”纸的DARPA说。 The effort underway is designed to find a way to index similar activity, then search and retrieve it from archives.正在进行的努力，目的是找到一种方法，指数类似的活动，然后搜索和检索它从档案。 The proposed new system should be able to analyze real-time streaming video as it is received in a ground station and match it on command to archived video from more than one video library.拟议中的新系统应当能够分析实时视频流，因为它是收到的一个地面站和比赛就命令存档的录像从多个视频库。

One notion, described by DARPA, would be that an analyst with a standing alert to watch for U-turning cars could employ the new system to quickly match a real-time event with archived clips of cars making such turns before an attack.一个概念，描述了DARPA ，将是公司的分析师一个常设警戒，以观察掉头汽车可以采用新的系统能够快速匹配，实时事件与存档的剪辑制作的汽车前等轮流攻击。

National security and intelligence reporter Walter Pincus pores over the speeches, reports, transcripts and other documents that flood Washington and every week uncovers the fine print that rarely makes headlines — but should. 国家安全和情报记者沃尔特平卡斯毛孔的演讲，报告，记录和其他文件，洪水华盛顿和发现每星期的优良打印的很少的头条-但应该这样做。 If you have any items that fit the bill, please send them to 如果您有任何项目符合该法案，请发送给 fineprint@washpost.com fineprint@washpost.com . 。

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DARPA Contract Description Hints at Advanced Video Spying DARPA的合同说明暗示了先进的视频间谍