The Next Civil Rights Battle Will Be Over the Mind未来的公民权利的战斗将超过心
By Clive Thompson 由克莱夫汤普森
Wired 有线
Trolling down the street in Manhattan, I suddenly hear a woman’s voice. trolling沿着大街在曼哈顿，我突然听到一个妇女的声音。
“Who’s there? “谁的呢？ Who’s there?” she whispers.谁的呢？ “ ，她窃窃私语。 I look around but can’t figure out where it’s coming from.我期待左右，但不能计算出它的未来。 It seems to emanate from inside my skull.这似乎源自内我的头骨。
Was I going nuts?是我去坚果？ Nope.不会。 I had simply encountered a new advertising medium: hypersonic sound.我曾简单地遇到一个新的广告媒介：高超声速声音。 It broadcasts audio in a focused beam, so that only a person standing directly in its path hears the message.它的音频广播节目，在聚焦光束，所以只有一个人常委会直接在其路径听到的讯息。 In this case, the cable channel A&E was using the technology to promote a show about, naturally, the paranormal.在这种情况下，有线电视频道急症室是采用这项技术的推广表明，约，自然，超自然现象。
I’ma geek, so my first reaction was, “Cool!” But it also felt creepy.我是怪人，所以我的第一反应是， “酷” ！但它也认为， creepy 。
We think of our brains as the ultimate private sanctuary, a zone where other people can’t intrude without our knowledge or permission.我们认为我们的大脑作为终极私营禁猎区，区，而其他人不能侵犯，没有我们的知识或许可。 But its boundaries are gradually eroding.但其界限正在逐渐削弱。 Hypersonic sound is just a portent of what’s coming, one of a host of emerging technologies aimed at tapping into our heads.高超声速健全的只是一个预兆什么的未来，其中一个主机的新兴技术，旨在窃听到我们头上。 These tools raise a fascinating, and queasy, new ethical question: Do we have a right to “mental privacy”?这些工具提出一个有趣的， queasy ，新的伦理问题：我们有没有权利“精神隐私” ？
“We’re going to be facing this question more and more, and nobody is really ready for it,” says Paul Root Wolpe, a bioethicist and board member of the nonprofit Center for Cognitive Liberty and Ethics. “我们要去面对这个问题越来越多，没有人真的愿意的话，说： ”保罗根沃尔普， bioethicist和董事会成员的非盈利性中心的认知自由和以德治国。 “If the skull is not an absolute domain of privacy, there are no privacy domains left.” He argues that the big personal liberty issues of the 21st century will all be in our heads — the “civil rights of the mind,” he calls it. “如果这个头骨是不是绝对的网域的隐私， 有没有隐私权域左” ，他认为，大人身自由的问题， 21世纪都将是在我们头上-“公民权利的头脑， ”他呼吁它。
It’s true that most of this technology is still gestational.它的真实，大部分的这种技术仍然是妊娠期。 But the early experiments are compelling: Some researchers say that fMRI brain scans can detect surprisingly specific mental acts — like whether you’re entertaining racist thoughts, doing arithmetic, reading, or recognizing something.但早期的实验是令人信服的：一些研究人员说的fMRI脑部扫描可以检测到令人惊讶的特定心理行为-一样，无论您是娱乐性的种族主义思想，做算术，阅读，或认识到的东西。 Entrepreneurs are already pushing dubious forms of the tech into the marketplace: You can now hire a firm, No Lie MRI, to conduct a “truth verification” scan if you’re trying to prove you’re on the level.企业家已经推动可疑形式的高新技术进入市场的：现在，您可以聘请一名坚定的，没有说谎的MRI ，进行一个“真相核查”扫描如果您尝试，以证明您上水平。 Give it 10 years, ethicists say, and brain tools will be used regularly — sometimes responsibly, often shoddily.给它10年来，伦理学家说，和脑的工具将被用于定期-有时是负责任的，往往是s hoddily。
Both situations scare civil libertarians.两种情况都吓跑公民自由。 What happens when the government starts using brain scans in criminal investigations — to figure out if, say, a suspect is lying about a terrorist plot?发生什么事，当政府开始使用脑部扫描，在刑事调查-搞清楚，如果说，疑犯是说谎的恐怖阴谋？ Will the Fifth Amendment protect you from self-incrimination by your own brain?将第五修正案保护你不受自证其罪由您自己的脑？ Think about your workplace, too: Your boss can already demand that you pee in a cup.想一想，您的工作场所，太：你的老板已经可以要求你工程师在一个杯。 Should she also be allowed to stick your head in an MRI tube as part of your performance review?应她也将获准坚持在你的头上，在核磁共振管的一部分，你们的表现进行检讨？
But this isn’t just about reading minds; it’s also about bombarding them with messages or tweaking their chemistry.不过，这并非仅是关于阅读的头脑;它也约轰炸他们的邮件或调整其化学。 Transcranial magnetic stimulation — now used to treat epilepsy — has shown that it can artificially generate states of empathy and euphoria.经颅磁刺激-现在用来治疗癫痫-表明，它可以人为地产生国的同情和兴奋。 And you’ve probably heard of propranolol, a drug that can help erase traumatic memories.和您大概也听说过普萘洛尔，药物，可以帮助清除创伤性的记忆。
Let’s say you’ve been assaulted and you want to take propranolol to delete the memory.让我们假设你已经殴打，并且想要采取普萘洛尔删除的记忆。 The state needs that memory to prosecute the assailant.国家需要记忆起诉行凶者。 Can it prevent you from taking the drug?它可以防止你从服药呢？ “To a certain extent, memories are societal properties,” says Adam Kolber, a visiting professor at Princeton. “在某程度上，记忆是社会属性，说： ”亚当kolber ，访问教授，普林斯顿。 “Society has always made claims on your memory, such as subpoenaing you.” Or what if you use transcranial stimulation to increase your empathy. “社会一向声称对您的记忆体，如传票你” ，或者是什么如果您使用的经颅刺激，以提高您的同理心。 Would you be required to disclose that?你会需要披露？ Could a judge throw you off a jury?可法官扔你小康陪审团？ Could the Army turn you away?可军队把您离开呢？
I’d love to give you answers.我喜欢给你答案。 But the truth is no one knows.但事实是没有人知道。 Privacy rights vary from state to state, and it’s unclear how, or even if, the protections would apply to mental sanctity.私隐权因所在州，它目前还不清楚如何，或即使，保护将适用于精神的神圣性。 “We really need to articulate a moral code that governs all this,” warns Arthur Caplan, a University of Pennsylvania bioethicist. “我们真的需要阐明的道德准则指出，执政的这一切， ”警告阿瑟卡普兰，宾夕法尼亚大学的bioethicist 。
The good news is that scholars are holding conferences to hash out legal positions.好消息是，学者举行会议，以杂凑出来的法律立场。 But we’ll need a broad public debate about it, too.但我们将需要一个广泛的公众关于它的争论，太。 Civil liberties thrive only when the public demands them — and understands they’re at risk.公民自由蓬勃发展，只有当公众要求他们-和理解他们处于危险之中。 That means we need to stop seeing this stuff as science fiction and start thinking about how we’ll react to it.这意味着我们必须制止看到这种东西，作为科幻小说，并开始思考如何，我们将作出反应。 Otherwise, we could all lose our minds.否则，我们都可以失去我们的心中。
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One Response to “The Next Civil Rights Battle Will Be Over the Mind” 1回应“下的公民权利的战斗将超过心”
Aldo 阿尔多
Posted: Apr 9th, 2008 at 4:20 pm | 发布时间： 2008年4月9日在下午4时20分| Link to this 链接到本
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I’m sure this could be counter balanced by wearing metal head gear… Scientists are the biggest threat to our privacy, its about time they learned how much they are pissing people off!我敢肯定，这可能是反平衡身穿金属头部齿轮…科学家们的最大威胁我们的隐私，其约时间，他们学到多少，他们是小尿人起飞！