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星期四， 2008年7月24日
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當她橫跨二個重犯絆倒了以卓越地相似的基因外形，狀態犯罪研究室分析員Kathryn Troyer是對亞利桑那的脫氧核糖核酸數據庫的連續測試。

人在染色體配比在九13個地點或者所在地，常用區別人。

FBI估計分享那些基因標記的無關的人民可能性是一樣遙遠的像1在113十億中。 但二個重犯的快照建議他們不是相關的： 你是黑色，另一白色。

在歲月在她的2001年發現以後， Troyer發現了許多相似的比賽-似乎中的每一次違抗不可能的可能性。

因為詞傳播，這些研究結果由一個罕知的試驗室工怍人員提出了關於FBI的脫氧核糖核酸統計的準確性的問題并且點燃了合法爭論國家的基因數據庫是否應該對更寬的察視被打開。

FBI實驗室，執行全國脫氧核糖核酸數據庫系統，設法停止Troyer的結果的發行和開始一次進取的幕後競選在別處阻攔相似的查尋，法院命令的甚而那些，被發現的時期調查。

在賭注的是在脫氧核糖核酸盒經常援引的強制可能性的可信度，可能建議幾乎嫌疑犯和犯罪現場之間的某一鏈接。

當脫氧核糖核酸從這樣線索像血液或皮膚細胞匹配嫌疑犯的基因外形時，它可能甚而在沒有其他證據時密封他的命運與陪審員。 當問題出現關於可靠性彈道，叮咬標記和甚而指印分析，基因證據湧現了作為法庭黃金本位制，經常刻畫在法庭如無懈可擊。

但脫氧核糖核酸「比賽」總不是什麼他們看來是。 雖然人的基因構成是獨特的，他的基因外形-一塊微小的裂片充分的染色體-不可以是。 兄弟姐妹經常分享基因標記在幾個地點，并且甚而無關的人民能由巧合分享一些。

沒人精確地懂得怎麼罕見的脫氧核糖核酸外形是。 法庭上被提出的可能性是FBI的最佳的估計。

亞利桑那查尋是，實際上，那些估計第一個測試在一個大狀態數據庫，并且結果是驚奇，甚而對有些專家。

Defense attorneys seized on the Arizona discoveries as evidence that genetic profiles match more often than the official statistics imply — and are far from unique, as the FBI has sometimes suggested.

Lawyers seek searches

Now, lawyers around the country are asking for searches of their own state databases.

Several scientists and legal experts as well want to test the accuracy of official statistics using the nearly 6 million profiles in CODIS, the national system that includes most state and local databases.

“DNA is terrific and nobody doubts it, but because it is so powerful, any chinks in its armor ought to be made as salient and clear as possible so jurors will not be overwhelmed by the seeming certainty of it,” said David Faigman, a professor at UC Hastings College of the Law, who specializes in scientific evidence.

FBI officials argue that, under their interpretation of federal law, use of CODIS is limited to criminal justice agencies. In their view, defense attorneys are allowed access to information about their specific cases, not the databases in general.

Bureau officials say critics have exaggerated or misunderstood the implications of Troyer’s discoveries.

Indeed, experts generally agree that most — but not all — of the Arizona matches were to be expected statistically because of the unusual way Troyer searched for them.

In a typical criminal case, investigators look for matches to a specific profile. But the Arizona search looked for any matches among all the thousands of profiles in the database, greatly increasing the odds of finding them.

Continue http://www.latimes.com/news/la-me-dna20-2008jul20,0,4108871.story?page=2&track=rss

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This entry was posted on Thursday, July 24th, 2008 at 4:57 pm and is filed under Science & Technology News . You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.

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