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星期四， 2008年7月24日
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当她横跨二个重犯绊倒了以卓越地相似的基因外形，状态犯罪研究室分析员Kathryn Troyer是对亚利桑那的脱氧核糖核酸数据库的连续测试。

人在染色体配比在九13个地点或者所在地，常用区别人。

FBI估计分享那些基因标记的无关的人民可能性是一样遥远的象1在113十亿中。 但二个重犯的快照建议他们不是相关的： 你是黑色，另一白色。

在岁月在她的2001年发现以后， Troyer发现了许多相似的比赛-似乎中的每一次违抗不可能的可能性。

因为词传播，这些研究结果由一个罕知的试验室工怍人员提出了关于FBI的脱氧核糖核酸统计的准确性的问题并且点燃了合法争论国家的基因数据库是否应该对更宽的察视被打开。

FBI实验室，执行全国脱氧核糖核酸数据库系统，设法停止Troyer的结果的发行和开始一次进取的幕后竞选在别处阻拦相似的查寻，法院命令的甚而那些，被发现的时期调查。

在赌注的是在脱氧核糖核酸盒经常援引的強制可能性的可信度，可能建议几乎嫌疑犯和犯罪现场之间的某一链接。

当脱氧核糖核酸从这样线索象血液或皮肤细胞匹配嫌疑犯的基因外形时，它可能甚而在没有其他证据时密封他的命运与陪审员。 当问题出现关于可靠性弹道，叮咬标记和甚而指印分析，基因证据涌现了作为法庭黄金本位制，经常刻画在法庭如无懈可击。

但脱氧核糖核酸“比赛”总不是什么他们看来是。 虽然人的基因构成是独特的，他的基因外形-一块微小的裂片充分的染色体-不可以是。 兄弟姐妹经常分享基因标记在几个地点，并且甚而无关的人民能由巧合分享一些。

没人精确地懂得怎么罕见的脱氧核糖核酸外形是。 法庭上被提出的可能性是FBI的最佳的估计。

亚利桑那查寻是，实际上，那些估计第一个测试在一个大状态数据库，并且结果是惊奇，甚而对有些专家。

Defense attorneys seized on the Arizona discoveries as evidence that genetic profiles match more often than the official statistics imply — and are far from unique, as the FBI has sometimes suggested.

Lawyers seek searches

Now, lawyers around the country are asking for searches of their own state databases.

Several scientists and legal experts as well want to test the accuracy of official statistics using the nearly 6 million profiles in CODIS, the national system that includes most state and local databases.

“DNA is terrific and nobody doubts it, but because it is so powerful, any chinks in its armor ought to be made as salient and clear as possible so jurors will not be overwhelmed by the seeming certainty of it,” said David Faigman, a professor at UC Hastings College of the Law, who specializes in scientific evidence.

FBI officials argue that, under their interpretation of federal law, use of CODIS is limited to criminal justice agencies. In their view, defense attorneys are allowed access to information about their specific cases, not the databases in general.

Bureau officials say critics have exaggerated or misunderstood the implications of Troyer’s discoveries.

Indeed, experts generally agree that most — but not all — of the Arizona matches were to be expected statistically because of the unusual way Troyer searched for them.

In a typical criminal case, investigators look for matches to a specific profile. But the Arizona search looked for any matches among all the thousands of profiles in the database, greatly increasing the odds of finding them.

Continue http://www.latimes.com/news/la-me-dna20-2008jul20,0,4108871.story?page=2&track=rss

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This entry was posted on Thursday, July 24th, 2008 at 4:57 pm and is filed under Science & Technology News . You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.

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