DARPA 2009: Brains-on-a-Chip, Transparent Displays DARPA的2009 ：腦袋上單晶片，透明顯示器
By 由 Noah Shachtman 諾亞shachtman
Brains-on-a-chip, robotic rescue choppers, see-through displays — those are just a few of the projects that the Pentagon’s mad science division has hatched up for next year.腦袋上單晶片，機器人救援菜刀，見直通式顯示器-這些僅僅是一小部分項目說，五角大樓的瘋狂科學部已經孵出了，為明年。
Earlier this week, DARPA, the Defense Department’s way-out research arm, submitted its $本星期早些時候， DARPA的，國防部的出路-研究機構，提交了元 3.29 billion budget for the 2009 fiscal year 3290000000預算為2009年財政年度 . 。 In it are dozens of new programs — one more far-reaching than the next.在這幾十項新的計劃-其中影響較深遠的比未來。
A particularly wild project is Systems of Neuromorphic Adaptive Plastic Scalable Electronics, or SyNAPSE. “The program will develop a brain inspired electronic ‘chip’ that mimics that function, size, and power consumption of a biological cortex,” DARPA promises us. “If successful, the program will provide the foundations for functional machines to supplement humans in many of the most demanding situations faced by warfighters today” — like getting usable information out of video feeds, and starting tasks. The agency is looking to spend $3 million next year, to get started on its faux brain effort. My guess is that it will take considerably more cash to get it done.尤其野生項目，是制度的神經形態自適應可伸縮塑膠電子，或突觸"計劃將制定一個大腦靈感電子'芯片'模仿這一職能，大小和功率消耗的生物皮質， " DARPA的承諾， "如果成功的話，該計劃將提供基礎功能的機器，以補充人體在許多最苛刻的情況下所面臨的作戰今天" -就像是實用資訊的影片內容，並開始工作。原子能機構正在看花3 000000美元明年，著手其失誤問責腦努力，我的猜測是，這是需要相當多的現金，以完成它。
The “Nightingale” program aims to put together the building blocks for a “fully autonomous” flyer that could some day serve as both an unmanned ambulance-in-the-sky and as a robotic search-and-rescue chopper. Looking for, picking up and stabilizing the wounded are dangerous, complicated jobs. But, by squeezing “integrated life support capabilities into a small unmanned (or optionally piloted) air vehicle,” DARPA thinks Nightingale could keep some soldiers out of harm’s way. Not only would the drone search for the missing and wounded. This “low cost, high availability air ambulance” could be deployed near the warzone, to get casualties to combat hospitals in a hurry. "夜鶯"的計劃，目的是把積木為一個"完全自治"的傳單說，可有一天，充當雙方一架無人駕駛救護車- M處理器的天空，作為一個機器人，搜索和救援菜刀。尋找，採摘和穩定傷員的，是危險的，複雜的工作，但受擠壓的"整合生命支持功能集成到一個小型無人駕駛（或有選擇地試行）飛行器" ， DARPA的夜鶯認為可以保留一些士兵出於傷害的方式，不僅會發射無人駕駛飛機搜尋失踪和受傷，這種"低成本，高可用性的空中救護" ，可以調動附近warzone後，為取得傷亡打擊，在醫院匆匆。
Of course, making this a reality won’t be easy. “Technical challenges include intelligent autonomous flight behavior, sensor integrated guidance and control to enable flight in complex terrain, fully autonomous selection…of suitable landing locations, dual mode (ground and flight) propulsion, collaboration/coordination with human combat medics and safe and rapid autonomous launch and return to advanced medical facilities.”當然，要使之成為現實，也不是那麼容易"的技術挑戰包括：智能自主飛行的行為，傳感器綜合制導和控制，使飛機在各種複雜的地形，充分的自主選擇…合適的著陸地點，雙模（地面和飛行）推進裝置，協作/協調人作戰的醫務人員以及安全和快速自治縣發射和返回，以先進的醫療設施" 。
Just about everything, in other words.只是一切，在其他的話。
And that isn’t the only new robot project DARPA has in mind for 2009. There’sa $4 million effort to start work on a “robotic naval vessel to operate for years with minimal human interaction.” $4.5 million to build a teeny-tiny, unmanned Osprey that can perch on a rooftop, and silently spy on foes. Another $4 million to arm small drones with an “inexpensive, low weight precision munition that is effective against soft targets,” including individual people. And $2 million for a walking “tetrapod” to carry soldiers’ gear. (That sounds like our favorite robot, the eerily lifelike, four-legged這是不是唯一的新的機器人DARPA的項目已在考慮為2009年有400萬美元的努力，可以開始工作， "機器人艦艇經營多年，極少人的互動" 。 4500000美元建設的teeny -微小，無人駕駛魚鷹可以鱸魚上天台，並悄悄地窺視敵人。另一個4000000美元武裝小型無人駕駛飛機的一個"廉價的，低體重精確彈藥的，它能有效地抑制軟目標" ，其中包括個別人，並2000000美元一個散步"四腳" ，以履行軍人的裝束。 （這聽起來好像我們最喜愛的機器人，炮火栩栩如生，四條腿 BigDog bigdog .) ） 。
DARPA is also looking to spend $5 million next year on DARPA的也在尋找花費500萬美元，明年 laser-guided bullets激光制導子彈 — ammo steered by beams of coherent light, and able to turn on a dime. If the program works as planned, the agency promises, “it will make every shooter with any .50-caliber weapon” into “a precision sniper at greater than 2 kilometer range.” -血氨的掌舵下，由梁的相干光，並能轉就一毛錢，如果該計劃工程按計劃進行，該機構承諾， "將盡一切射擊遊戲，任何. 50口徑武器" ，變成"精確的狙擊手在大於2公里範圍" 。
Another $3 million will go towards spotting rocket-propelled grenades — before they’re launched, somehow. DARPA doesn’t elaborate how the trick would be pulled off, only that it would involve “cognitive swarm recognition technology.” In phase one of the program, DARPA boasts, the system will be capable of “detection rates greater than 95%.”另外300萬美元將用於探測火箭助推榴彈-之前，他們推出的，在某種程度上。 D ARPA的並沒有詳細說明如何把戲，將拉過，只是因為這會涉及"認知一窩蜂識別技術" ，在第一階段的程序，就能擁有，該系統將有能力"的檢出率大於95 ％ 。 "
DARPA is also looking to spend $3 million next year on “transparent displays.” How would you make those? Simple… By “exploiting the optical plasmon phenomenology characteristics of nanoscale structures.” (Contact DANGER ROOM HQ immediately in you can translate.) These new gadgets will replace existing models “in a host of applications, such as canopy- windshield- window-integrated… and new, light-weight avionics displays.” Soldiers today have to use clunky monocles or PDAs — if they use anything at all — to get data on the run. DARPA figures this project might lead to “integrated helmet display visors, bringing the digital battle space to the individual warfighter.” DARPA的也是看花300萬元，明年"透明顯示器" ，你會如何使這些嗎？簡單… " ，利用光學等離子體現象學特徵的納米結構" （接觸危險室總部立即在你可以翻譯） ，這些新的小玩意，將取代現有的模式" ，在主持人的應用，如冠擋風玻璃窗集成… …以及新的，重量輕，航空電子顯示器。兵" ，今天有機會使用笨重monocles或PDA -如果他們使用了什麼-得到的數據對我們來說。 DARPA的數字，這項計劃可能導致"綜合頭盔顯示器空，使數字化戰場空間，以個人的戰士" 。
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