DARPA 2009: Brains-on-a-Chip, Transparent Displays DARPA的2009 ：脑袋上单晶片，透明显示器
By 由 Noah Shachtman 诺亚shachtman
Brains-on-a-chip, robotic rescue choppers, see-through displays — those are just a few of the projects that the Pentagon’s mad science division has hatched up for next year.脑袋上单晶片，机器人救援菜刀，见直通式显示器-这些仅仅是一小部分项目说，五角大楼的疯狂科学部已经孵出了，为明年。
Earlier this week, DARPA, the Defense Department’s way-out research arm, submitted its $本星期早些时候， DARPA的，国防部的出路-研究机构，提交了元 3.29 billion budget for the 2009 fiscal year 3290000000预算为2009年财政年度 . 。 In it are dozens of new programs — one more far-reaching than the next.在这几十项新的计划-其中影响较深远的比未来。
A particularly wild project is Systems of Neuromorphic Adaptive Plastic Scalable Electronics, or SyNAPSE. “The program will develop a brain inspired electronic ‘chip’ that mimics that function, size, and power consumption of a biological cortex,” DARPA promises us. “If successful, the program will provide the foundations for functional machines to supplement humans in many of the most demanding situations faced by warfighters today” — like getting usable information out of video feeds, and starting tasks. The agency is looking to spend $3 million next year, to get started on its faux brain effort. My guess is that it will take considerably more cash to get it done.尤其野生项目，是制度的神经形态自适应可伸缩塑胶电子，或突触"计划将制定一个大脑灵感电子'芯片'模仿这一职能，大小和功率消耗的生物皮质， " DARPA的承诺， "如果成功的话，该计划将提供基础功能的机器，以补充人体在许多最苛刻的情况下所面临的作战今天" -就像是实用资讯的影片内容，并开始工作。原子能机构正在看花3 000000美元明年，着手其失误问责脑努力，我的猜测是，这是需要相当多的现金，以完成它。
The “Nightingale” program aims to put together the building blocks for a “fully autonomous” flyer that could some day serve as both an unmanned ambulance-in-the-sky and as a robotic search-and-rescue chopper. Looking for, picking up and stabilizing the wounded are dangerous, complicated jobs. But, by squeezing “integrated life support capabilities into a small unmanned (or optionally piloted) air vehicle,” DARPA thinks Nightingale could keep some soldiers out of harm’s way. Not only would the drone search for the missing and wounded. This “low cost, high availability air ambulance” could be deployed near the warzone, to get casualties to combat hospitals in a hurry. "夜莺"的计划，目的是把积木为一个"完全自治"的传单说，可有一天，充当双方一架无人驾驶救护车- M处理器的天空，作为一个机器人，搜索和救援菜刀。寻找，采摘和稳定伤员的，是危险的，复杂的工作，但受挤压的"整合生命支持功能集成到一个小型无人驾驶（或有选择地试行）飞行器" ， DARPA的夜莺认为可以保留一些士兵出于伤害的方式，不仅会发射无人驾驶飞机搜寻失踪和受伤，这种"低成本，高可用性的空中救护" ，可以调动附近warzone后，为取得伤亡打击，在医院匆匆。
Of course, making this a reality won’t be easy. “Technical challenges include intelligent autonomous flight behavior, sensor integrated guidance and control to enable flight in complex terrain, fully autonomous selection…of suitable landing locations, dual mode (ground and flight) propulsion, collaboration/coordination with human combat medics and safe and rapid autonomous launch and return to advanced medical facilities.”当然，要使之成为现实，也不是那么容易"的技术挑战包括：智能自主飞行的行为，传感器综合制导和控制，使飞机在各种复杂的地形，充分的自主选择…合适的着陆地点，双模（地面和飞行）推进装置，协作/协调人作战的医务人员以及安全和快速自治县发射和返回，以先进的医疗设施" 。
Just about everything, in other words.只是一切，在其他的话。
And that isn’t the only new robot project DARPA has in mind for 2009. There’sa $4 million effort to start work on a “robotic naval vessel to operate for years with minimal human interaction.” $4.5 million to build a teeny-tiny, unmanned Osprey that can perch on a rooftop, and silently spy on foes. Another $4 million to arm small drones with an “inexpensive, low weight precision munition that is effective against soft targets,” including individual people. And $2 million for a walking “tetrapod” to carry soldiers’ gear. (That sounds like our favorite robot, the eerily lifelike, four-legged这是不是唯一的新的机器人DARPA的项目已在考虑为2009年有400万美元的努力，可以开始工作， "机器人舰艇经营多年，极少人的互动" 。 4500000美元建设的teeny -微小，无人驾驶鱼鹰可以鲈鱼上天台，并悄悄地窥视敌人。另一个4000000美元武装小型无人驾驶飞机的一个"廉价的，低体重精确弹药的，它能有效地抑制软目标" ，其中包括个别人，并2000000美元一个散步"四脚" ，以履行军人的装束。 （这听起来好像我们最喜爱的机器人，炮火栩栩如生，四条腿 BigDog bigdog .) ） 。
DARPA is also looking to spend $5 million next year on DARPA的也在寻找花费500万美元，明年 laser-guided bullets激光制导子弹 — ammo steered by beams of coherent light, and able to turn on a dime. If the program works as planned, the agency promises, “it will make every shooter with any .50-caliber weapon” into “a precision sniper at greater than 2 kilometer range.” -血氨的掌舵下，由梁的相干光，并能转就一毛钱，如果该计划工程按计划进行，该机构承诺， "将尽一切射击游戏，任何. 50口径武器" ，变成"精确的狙击手在大于2公里范围" 。
Another $3 million will go towards spotting rocket-propelled grenades — before they’re launched, somehow. DARPA doesn’t elaborate how the trick would be pulled off, only that it would involve “cognitive swarm recognition technology.” In phase one of the program, DARPA boasts, the system will be capable of “detection rates greater than 95%.”另外300万美元将用于探测火箭助推榴弹-之前，他们推出的，在某种程度上。 D ARPA的并没有详细说明如何把戏，将拉过，只是因为这会涉及"认知一窝蜂识别技术" ，在第一阶段的程序，就能拥有，该系统将有能力"的检出率大于95 ％ 。 "
DARPA is also looking to spend $3 million next year on “transparent displays.” How would you make those? Simple… By “exploiting the optical plasmon phenomenology characteristics of nanoscale structures.” (Contact DANGER ROOM HQ immediately in you can translate.) These new gadgets will replace existing models “in a host of applications, such as canopy- windshield- window-integrated… and new, light-weight avionics displays.” Soldiers today have to use clunky monocles or PDAs — if they use anything at all — to get data on the run. DARPA figures this project might lead to “integrated helmet display visors, bringing the digital battle space to the individual warfighter.” DARPA的也是看花300万元，明年"透明显示器" ，你会如何使这些吗？简单… " ，利用光学等离子体现象学特征的纳米结构" （接触危险室总部立即在你可以翻译） ，这些新的小玩意，将取代现有的模式" ，在主持人的应用，如冠挡风玻璃窗集成… …以及新的，重量轻，航空电子显示器。兵" ，今天有机会使用笨重monocles或PDA -如果他们使用了什么-得到的数据对我们来说。 DARPA的数字，这项计划可能导致"综合头盔显示器空，使数字化战场空间，以个人的战士" 。
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