Big Brother Britain: Government and councils to spy on ALL our phones大哥英國：政府和議會暗中監視我們的所有電話
By由 JASON LEWIS賈森劉易斯
Officials from the top of Government to lowly council officers will be given unprecedented powers to access details of every phone call in Britain under laws coming into force tomorrow.官員，從最高層的政府卑賤會人員將給予前所未有的權力，以獲取詳細資料的每一個電話，在英國，根據法律生效的明天。
The new rules compel phone companies to retain information, however private, about all landline and mobile calls, and make them available to some 795 public bodies and quangos.新的規則，迫使手機公司保留信息，但是私人，對所有陸上線路和移動電話，並提供給795一些公共機構和半官方的。
The move, enacted by the personal decree of Home Secretary Jacqui Smith, will give police and security services a right they have long demanded: to delve at will into the phone records of British citizens and businesses.此舉，制定個人法令的英國內政大臣傑葵史密斯，將給予警方和安全部門的一項權利，他們早就要求：要刻苦鑽研，在將進入了電話記錄的英國公民和企業。
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The Government will be given access to details of every phone call in Britain. 政府將獲准進入細節每一個電話，在英國。 (Posed by model) （所構成的模型）
But the same powers will also be handed to the tax authorities, 475 local councils, and a host of other organisations, including the Food Standards Agency, the Department of Health, the Immigration Service, the Gaming Board and the Charity Commission.但是，同樣的權力，也將移交給稅務機關， 475個地方議會，以及許多其他團體，包括食品標準局，衛生署，入境事務處，博彩委員會和慈善事業委員會。 The initiative, formulated in the wake of the Madrid and London terrorist attacks打好主動仗，制定在經歷了馬德里和倫敦的恐怖襲擊事件
of 2004 and 2005, was put forward as a vital tool in the fight against terrorism. 2004年和2005年，提出了作為一個重要的工具，在打擊恐怖主義的鬥爭。 However, civil liberties campaigners say the new powers amount to a ‘free for all’ for the State snooping on its citizens.不過，民權活動人士說，這項新的權力構成一種'免費向所有市民' ，為國探聽其公民。
And they angrily questioned why the records were being made available to so many organisations.他們氣憤地質疑，為何紀錄被提供給這麼多機構。 Similar provisions are being brought in across Europe, but under much tighter regulation.類似的規定也被帶到歐洲各地，但在更嚴格的監管。 In Britain, say critics, private and sensitive information will inevitably fall into the wrong hands.在英國，批評者說，私人和敏感信息難免會落入壞人之手。
Records will detail precisely what calls are made, their time and duration, and the name and address of the registered user of the phone.記錄將詳細正是通話，他們的時間和期限，以及姓名和地址登記使用者的電話。
The files will even reveal where people are when they made mobile phone calls.檔案，甚至會揭示人的時候，他們取得了移動電話。 By knowing which mast transmitted the signal, officials will be able to pinpoint the source of a call to within a few feet.知道了，其中肥大傳送信號，官員將能夠找准源頭，呼籲在一個幾英尺。 This can even be used to track someone’s route if, for example, they make a call from a moving car.這甚至可以被用來追踪某人的路線舉例說，假如他們要撥打電話，從移動車。
Files will also be kept on the sending and receipt of text messages.檔案，也將繼續留在發送和接收短信。
By 2009 the Government plans to extend the rules to cover internet use: the websites we have visited, the people we have emailed and phone calls made over the net.到2009年，政府計劃擴大規則，以涵蓋使用網際網路：網站，我們訪問了，我們的人已經通過電子郵件和電話取得淨。
Home Secretary Jacqui Smith has spearheaded the move to give police and security services access to the phone records of British citizens and businesses. 英國內政大臣傑葵史密斯已經率先提出，讓警方和安全部門獲得電話記錄的英國公民和企業。
The new laws will make it a legal requirement for phone companies to keep records for at least a year, and to make them available to the authorities.新的法律將使法律上的規定，電話公司，以保持記錄至少一年，並提供給有關當局。 Until now, companies have been reluctant to allow unfettered access to their files, citing data protection laws, although they have had a voluntary arrangement with law enforcement agencies since 2003.到現在，公司一直不願意讓不受限制地進入他們的檔案，引用的數據保護法，雖然他們曾自願安排與執法機構自2003年以來。
Many of the organisations granted access to the records already have systems allowing them to search phone-call databases over a computer link without needing staff at the phone company to intervene.許多團體獲准進入該紀錄已經有系統，讓他們搜索電話呼叫數據庫的一個計算機連接，而無需工作人員在電話公司的介入。
Police requests for phone records will need the approval of a superintendent or inspector, while council officials must get permission from the authority’s assistant chief officer.警方要求提供的電話記錄，將需要審批的一名警司或督察，同時會的工作人員，必須獲得許可，由權威的中國人民解放軍總參謀長助理主任。 Thousands of staff in other agencies will be legally entitled to retrieve the records once the request is approved by a senior official.數以千計的工作人員在其他機構，將依法享有取回記錄一旦請求獲得批准，由一名高級官員。
The new measures were implemented after the Home Secretary signed a ’statutory instrument’ on July 26.新措施實施後，民政司簽署了一份'法定文書' 7月26日。 The process allows the Government to alter laws without a full act of Parliament.這個過程使政府改變法律，如果沒有全面國會的法案。
The move was nodded through the House of Lords two days earlier without a debate.此舉是點頭通過上議院2天前，沒有一場辯論。
It puts into UK law a European Directive aimed at the ‘investigation, detection and prosecution of serious crime’.它把進入英國的普通法，歐洲指令的目的是在調查，偵查和起訴嚴重犯罪' 。 But the British law allows the information to be used much more widely to combat all crimes, however minor.但英國的法律允許信息，用於更廣泛地打擊一切犯罪活動，但程度輕微。
The huge number of organisations allowed to access this data was attacked by Liberty, the civil liberties campaign group.數量龐大的機構，允許進入這一數據遭到自由，公民自由的競選班子。 Other organisations allowed to see the data include the Royal Navy Regulating Branch, the Atomic Energy Authority Constabulary, the Department of Trade and Industry, NHS Trusts, ambulance and fire services, the Department of Transport and the Department for the Environment.其他機構不准看數據，包括皇家海軍調節科，原子能管理局警察，在貿易和工業部，國民保健信託，救護車和消防局，運輸部和新聞部環境。
A spokesman for Liberty said: ‘Hundreds of bodies have been given the power to look at this highly sensitive information.發言人人身自由說： '幾百人的屍體已被賦予權力，看看這個高度敏感的資料。 It is yet another example of how greater and greater access is being given to information on our movements with little debate and little public accountability.這是又一個例子，如何更大和更多地利用正考慮將信息對我們的動作很少辯論，並沒有向公眾交代。
‘It is a free for all. '這是一個免費向所有市民。 There is a lack of oversight of how and why public bodies are using these records.有一種缺乏監督的如何以及為什麼公共機構正在利用這些記錄。 There is no public record of what they are using this information for.’有沒有公開的記錄是什麼，他們正在利用這一信息。
Tony Bunyan, of civil liberties group Statewatch, said: ‘The retention of everyone’s communications data is a momentous decision, one that should not be slipped through Parliament without anyone noticing.’托尼Bunyan的，對公民自由組statewatch ，說： '保留每個人的通信數據是一個重大的決定，一個不應被遺忘議會中沒有任何人看見。
Last year, the voluntary arrangement allowed 439,000 searches of phone records.去年，自願安排獲准439000搜查的電話記錄。 But the Government brought in legislation because the industry did not routinely keep all the information it wanted.但該國政府將在立法，因為業內人士並沒有照例保留所有資訊通緝。
Different authorities will have different levels of access to the systems.不同的機構有不同程度的進入該系統。 Police and intelligence services will be able to see more detailed information than local authorities.警方和情報部門將能夠看到更詳細的資料，比地方當局。 And officials at NHS Trusts and ambulance and fire services can obtain the records only in rare cases when, for example, they are trying to save a patient’s life.和官員在國民保健信託及救護及消防服務還可以得到記錄，只有在極少數情況下，例如當他們正試圖挽救一個病人的生命。
The new system will be overseen by the Interception of Communications Commissioner, who also ensures security and intelligence services’ phone taps are legal.新的系統將統一由截取通訊專員，也可確保安全和情報部門的'電話水龍頭是合法的。
The commissioner, Sir Paul Kennedy, reports to the Prime Minister and already carries out random inspections of some agencies legally allowed to see phone records under the existing voluntary scheme.廉政專員，主席先生保羅肯尼迪，報告給總理，並已經進行抽樣檢查，一些機構，法律允許看電話記錄，根據現行的自願性質的計劃。 Last year inspectors visited 22 councils already making ’significant’ use of their powers’ to access phone records.去年巡查了22個議會已經作出'重大'利用手中的權力' ，以獲取電話記錄。 A report said the results were ‘variable’, but within the law.報告說，這一結果是'變' ，但在法律之上。
Privacy watchdog the Information Commissioner, which has responsibly for protecting personal information and policing the Data Protection Act had virtually no role in the new laws.隱私監督信息專員，其中有以負責任為保護個人信息和治安資料保護法幾乎沒有任何作用，在新的法律。
A spokeswoman said its only function was to ensure ‘data security’ at the phone companies, adding: ‘We have no oversight role over the release of this information.’一名女發言人說，其唯一的功能，以確保數據安全'在電話公司並補充說： '我們沒有監督的作用超過公佈這方面的資料。
The Home Office said there were safeguards to ensure the new law was being used properly.英國內政部說，有保障措施，以確保新的法律被正確使用。 Every authority had a nominated senior member of staff who was legally responsible for the use the phone data was put to, ‘the integrity of the process’ and for ‘reporting errors’.每管理局進行了提名資深的工作人員，誰負法律責任，為使用手機數據被束之高閣， 『進程的完整性'和'報告錯誤' 。
A spokesman said: ‘The most detailed level of data can be accessed only by law enforcement agencies such as the police.一位發言人說： '最詳細一級的數據可以進行存取只能由法律規定，執法機關如警察。 More basic access is available to local authority bodies such as trading standards and environmental health who can only use these powers to prevent and detect crime.’更基本的接入，可向當地的權威機構，如貿易標準和環境健康，他們只能用這些權力，以防止及偵查罪案。
A spokesman for the Local Government Association, which represents councils across England and Wales, said: ‘Councils would only use these powers in circumstances such as benefit fraud, when the taxpayer is being ripped off for many thousands of pounds.’發言人地方政府協會，它代表整個議會的英格蘭和威爾士，說： '議會將只使用這些權力，在這種情況下，作為受益欺詐，當納稅人正在受騙許多數千英鎊。
He added that it was ‘very unlikely’ the powers would be used against non-payers of council tax or for parking fines ‘as the sums involved are not sufficient to justify the use of this sort of information or the costs involved in applying it’.他補充說，它是'不太可能'的權力將被用來對付非繳納的稅或停車罰單'為金額不足以證明使用這種信息或所涉及的費用，在應用信息科技的' 。
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