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A Privacy And Security Pandora’s Box?隐私和安全潘多拉的盒子?

Tuesday, November 25th, 2008 星期二, 08年11月25日

ScienceDaily | A research article published in the current issue of the International Journal of Intellectual Property Management suggests that Big Brother could be opening a privacy and security Pandora’s Box if human rights, particularly regarding data protection are not addressed in the design of new RFID applications. ScienceDaily |研究文章发表在最新一期的国际期刊知识产权管理表明,大哥可以打开一个隐私和安全潘朵拉的盒子如果人权,特别是关于数据保护得不到解决设计中的新的RFID应用。

Radio-frequency identification (RFID) chips can be found tagging everything from groceries and clothing to the experimental swipe-free credit cards used to pay for those goods.无线电频率识别( RFID )芯片可以找到标记,从食品和服装的实验刷卡免信用卡用来支付这些货物。 In library cards, warehouse inventories, and under-skin pet tags.在借书证,仓库库存,并根据皮肤宠物的标记。 They are also used for prisoner and parole tags, in hospital patient wristbands, and in smart passports.他们还用于囚犯和假释的标签,在医院患者腕带,并在智能护照。

According to Eleni Kosta and Jos Dumortier of the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven in Belgium, the benefits of RFID technology in innovation are beyond question.据叶莱妮科斯塔和何族的天主教鲁汶大学在比利时的好处RFID技术创新,是毫无疑问的。 However, the threats posed to personal privacy should be taken into account at the design phase of the applications.然而,威胁个人隐私应当考虑到在设计阶段的应用。 Their increasingly widespread deployment means individuals do not necessarily know when, how and what kind of information about them is being transmitted at any given time from an RFID in a passport, in their shopping bags, or even when they visit the library.其日益广泛的部署意味着个人不一定知道何时,如何以及什么样的信息是传播在任何特定时间从RFID的护照,在其购物袋,甚至当他们参观图书馆。

RFID tags are powerful devices for use in a wide array of applications: stock inventory, logistics, security finance, buildings, and across international borders. RFID标签是功能强大的设备,用于各种各样的应用:存货盘点,后勤,安全金融,建筑,跨越国际边界。 However, they provide a seemingly innocuous medium for the collection and transmission of personal data, as well as the ability to track the movements of people.然而,他们提供了一个看似无害的媒介的收集和传输的个人资料,以及能够追踪运动的人。

The European Union has already recognised some of the concerns being raised.欧洲联盟已经认识到的一些问题提出。 A recent European Commission report, “Communication on RFID” emphasised that privacy and security should be built into RFID information systems before their widespread deployment.最近欧盟委员会的报告, “通信的RFID ”强调,隐私和安全应纳入信息系统的RFID之前普遍存在的部署。 Moreover,而且,
European legislation on data protection applies to RFID technology when it entails the processing of personal data, Kosta and Dumortier point out.欧洲保护数据的立法适用于RFID技术时,需要处理个人资料,科斯塔和族指出。 However, it is not always clear whether or not information stored on or transmitted via an RFID tag is personal data.然而,它并不总是很清楚与否的信息存储或传输通过一个RFID标签是个人数据。

“In order to achieve a common approach towards RFID technology at the他说: “为了实现一个共同的态度RFID技术在
European level, a unified interpretation of what is perceived as personal data is necessary,” the team explains.欧洲一级,一个统一的解释什么是被视为个人资料是必要的, “球队解释说。 “When information about an individual, such as name, age and nationality, is directly stored in an RFID tag, it is beyond doubt that it qualifies as personal data.” “当有关的个人,如姓名,年龄和国籍,是直接存储在RFID标签,这是毫无疑问的,它有资格作为个人数据。 ”

However, there are many instances when the information seemingly cannot be directly linked to an individual, but by linking the RFID tag number to a back-end database can be correlated with a credit card payment, for instance, and so provide indirect identification of the individual.然而,有许多情况的信息时,似乎不能直接关系到一个人,而是由连接的RFID标签编号,后端数据库可以与信用卡付款,例如,所以提供间接鉴定个人。 “In this case, even if the data seem anonymous at first sight, the processing falls under the scope of application of the Data Protection “在这种情况下,即使数据似乎匿名乍一看,处理属于适用范围的数据保护
Directive, as the data can be easily linked to the credit card data”, the team explains.指令,因为数据可以很容易地联系在一起的信用卡资料“ ,该小组解释说。 Even vaguer are the cases when the information on the RFID tag cannot be linked to an actual person, or at least significant effort is needed for a link to be made.即使是模糊的情况下,信息的RFID标签不能联系实际的人,或至少极大的努力需要一个链接进行。

The team counter the argument that honest citizens have nothing to fear from RFID.该小组柜台的论点是诚实的公民没有什么可害怕的RFID 。 “A surveillance society where RFID tags reveal personal information and enable the tracking and tracing of the individuals, shall be contested, as every law-abiding citizen should be free from any kind of monitoring,” they say. “一个监视的社会里, RFID标签泄露个人信息,使跟踪的个人,应有争议的,因为每一个守法的公民应免受任何形式的监督, ”他们说。


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