UN expresses “grave concern” over CIA torture聯合國對此表示"嚴重關切"中情局酷刑

UN representative expresses “grave concern” over CIA torture, Guantánamo hearings聯合國代表表示"嚴重關切"中情局酷刑，關塔那摩聽證會

By Naomi Spencer由納奧米斯賓塞

Following a visit earlier this month to the US military prison at Guantánamo Bay, a United Nations human rights representative reported ongoing abuse, drumhead judicial proceedings, and other violations of international law.訪問之後於本月初向美國軍事監獄在關塔那摩灣，一個聯合國人權代表匯報了正在進行的虐待， drumhead司法程序，以及其他違反國際法的行為。 The report by the UN official, charging the US government with widespread criminality, has been almost entirely ignored by the US media.該報告由聯合國官員，充電，美國政府與廣泛的犯罪活動，已幾乎完全忽視了美國媒體。

In a report to the UN Human Rights Council meeting in Geneva December 13, Special Rapporteur on human rights and counterterrorism Martin Scheinin said he believed the CIA continues to engage in so-called “extraordinary rendition,” secret detentions and torture.在一份研究報告中向聯合國人權理事會在日內瓦舉行會議12月13日，人權問題特別報告員和反恐怖馬丁謝寧說，他相信中情局繼續搞所謂"非常規引渡"的秘密拘留和酷刑。 Scheinin suggested that hundreds of detainees held at Guantánamo were not being prosecuted to keep revelations of abuse from emerging.謝寧建議，有數以百計的拘留者關押在關塔那摩沒有被檢控，以保持揭露虐待的羈絆。 During his visit, he was not allowed to have unmonitored interaction with detainees.訪問期間，他是不容許有不受監督的互動與被拘留者。

Of the 305 Guantánamo detainees, about 80 have already been put through combatant status review tribunals (CSRT) and declared not to be “enemy combatants,” although they have not been released.對305名關塔那摩被拘留者中，約有80個已通過戰鬥身份審查法庭（ csrt ） ，並聲稱不要被"敵方戰鬥人員" ，雖然他們並沒有被釋放。 The military has announced that it plans to hold these hearings for another 80 detainees, after which they could ostensibly be convicted by military trial.軍方已宣布，它計劃舉行聽證會，為另外80拘留，之後他們可能表面上被定罪，由軍事審判。 But for 150 so-called “high value” prisoners, Scheinin said, “There is not enough evidence that could be presented, even to a military commission chaired by a military judge.但對於150我們所謂的"高價值"囚犯，謝寧說， "有沒有足夠的證據可以提出，甚至達到了軍事委員會主席由一名軍事法官。 Partly there may not be evidence and partly the risk of issues of torture being raised is too high.”部分原因可能沒有證據和部分風險的問題，酷刑被提出太高" 。

“Bringing them to court would bring to the court’s attention the method through which the evidence, including the confessions, were obtained,” Scheinin told the press following his report. " ，並將他們法院將提請法院的注意，該方法通過這些證據，包括供述中，獲得了" ，謝寧告訴新聞界，以下為他的報告。

In addition to the recent revelations that the CIA had destroyed interrogation tapes, he said the indefinite detention without trial “is one further affirmation of the conclusion that the CIA or others have been involved in methods of interrogation that are incompatible with international law.” The CIA, Scheinin stated, “has been involved and continues to be involved in the use of interrogation techniques that violate the absolute prohibition against torture.”此外，最近揭露說，中情局已銷毀訊問錄音帶時，他說，未經審判無限期拘留" ，是進一步確認的結論，即美國中央情報局或其他人已參與訊問方法是不符合國際法"中央情報局，謝寧說， "一直參與和繼續參與，在使用的審訊手段違反絕對禁止酷刑" 。

The destruction of the CIA interrogation tapes showing the torture of at least two prisoners underscores the basic fact that egregious human rights violations by the US are not isolated events.銷毀中央情報局審問錄影帶顯示的酷刑至少有兩名囚犯突顯了基本的事實，而且令人震驚的侵犯人權的美國並非孤立事件。 On the contrary, torture and illegal detentions have been the standard operating procedure for the CIA, with the cooperation of military brass and the support of the entire political establishment.與此相反，酷刑和非法關押已成為標準作業程序，為美國中央情報局的配合下軍事黃銅和支持，整個政治的建立。

Scheinin said that in a meeting with representatives of the CIA during his visit to the United States, “the CIA refused to engage in any meaningful interaction aimed at clarifying the means of compliance with international standards of methods of interrogation and accountability in respect of possible abuses.” He also said the CIA refused to meet with him a second time.謝寧說，在會見代表時，中情局在訪問期間，向美國， "美國中央情報局拒絕進行任何有意義的互動，旨在澄清手段，符合國際標準的訊問方法和問責制方面可能出現的弊端"他還表示，中情局拒絕會見他的第二次。 This stonewalling is yet further evidence of the lawlessness of the US government.這種拖延的是，但進一步證明了無法無天的美國政府。

Significantly, Scheinin noted that behavior by CIA officials “supports the suspicion that the CIA has been involved and continues to be involved in the extraordinary rendition of terrorism suspects and possibly other persons.”顯著，謝寧指出行為中央情報局官員的"支持猜疑說，中情局一直參與，並繼續參與這一非常規引渡恐怖嫌犯，並可能在其他的人" 。

Moreover, the report concluded, “It is unlikely that the CIA would be able to run a global programme of rendition and detention of terrorist suspects without at least logistical support by the United States military authorities.”此外，該報告總結說： "這是不可能說，中情局將能運行一個全球性方案的移交逃犯和被拘留的恐怖嫌疑人，沒有起碼的後勤支持，由美國軍事當局的" 。

Although the Bush administration declared that it held no other “high value” detainees in secret detention after transferring 14 to Guantánamo Bay from around the world in 2006, it reserved the possibility of resuming the practice whenever it wished, and has rendered at least one other detainee since then.儘管布什政府宣稱，它沒有舉行其他的"高價值"被關押在秘密拘留後移交14至關塔那摩灣的來自世界各地的2006年，它保留是否可能恢復實踐中，每當它想，並提供至少一名其他被拘留者自那時以來。 Other suspected detainees remain missing.其它疑似被拘留仍然下落不明。

It should not be forgotten that, in addition to those detainees being held at Guantánamo, the US continues to hold some 700 detainees in Afghanistan and approximately 18,000 detainees in Iraq.我們不應忘記，除了這些被拘留者被關押在關塔那摩，美國將繼續持有大約700名被關押在阿富汗和大約18000名被關押在伊拉克。 Many of these are classified by the US as “unlawful enemy combatants” in order to deny them fundamental legal rights.許多這些都是機密被美國當成"非法敵方戰鬥人員" ，以拒絕給予他們基本的法律權利。

While at the Guantánamo Bay prison, Scheinin observed the pre-trial military proceedings against Salim Ahmed Hamdan, the alleged former driver of Osama bin Laden.而在關塔那摩灣監獄，謝寧觀察預審軍事程序對薩利姆艾哈邁德哈姆丹，指稱前司機拉登。 Hamdan, captured in Afghanistan in 2001, has been held at Guantánamo since 2002.哈姆丹，在阿富汗抓獲的，在2001年，被關押在關塔那摩監獄自2002年以來。

The drumhead character Hamdan’s CSRT was evident.該drumhead性格哈姆丹的csrt是顯而易見的。 “The hearings provided graphic illustrations of the practical difficulties in providing fair trials at a distant military base, and confirmed the difficulties or even impossibility of the defense to provide evidence,” Scheinin told the press. "聽證會提供的插圖的實際困難，在提供公正的審判，在一個遙遠的軍事基地，並確認了困難，甚至是不可能的國防部提供證據， "謝寧告訴記者。 “Neither witnesses from abroad or high-value detainees from the Guantánamo detention facility next door could be heard, at least on this particular occasion.” "既不是證人從國外或高價值囚犯從關塔那摩拘留所隔壁，可聽到的，至少在這個特定的場合" 。

The written report is more specific: “These are administrative processes rather than judicial ones.書面報告中，是更具體的說： "這些都是行政程序，而非司法。 Detainees are not provided with a lawyer during the course of hearings.” Even if all charges are dropped, “the most that a reviewing court may do is to order reconsideration of a decision, not release.” This violates international prohibitions on arbitrary detention, habeas corpus rights, the right to a timely trial, and other fundamental legal protections.被拘留者不提供律師的過程中，聽證會" ，即使所有指控都下降， "最一檢討法院可以做的，是為了复議決定，而不是釋放" ，這是違反國際禁令，任意拘留問題人身保護權，及時審理，及其他基本的法律保護。

As could be expected, US media coverage of the report and the Hamdan CSRT has been nonexistent.可以預期，美國媒體報導的報告和哈姆丹csrt已不復存在。 Neither the New York Times , Washington Post , nor Los Angeles Times published an article on the topic, with the main coverage in the US coming from brief wire reports from the AP and Reuters.無論是紐約時報 ， 華盛頓郵報 ，也不洛杉磯時報發表一篇文章，就這個專題，主要報導，在美國即將從短暫線材報導，由美聯社和路透社。

Also typical, the response of the US government to the report has consisted largely of the attempt to dismiss and discredit it.也是典型的，響應美國政府的這份報告主要是企圖否定和詆毀它。 Melanie Khanna, a US legal adviser, was quoted in both the AP and Reuters articles at some length.梅蘭妮，他將上，一位美國法律顧問，被引述的兩美聯社和路透社的文章，在一些長度。 Khanna said that sections of Scheinin’s report dealing with legal violations by the US “simply catalogue well-known criticisms and fail even to acknowledge that there are multiple ways of approaching the difficult issues discussed…”他將說，路段謝寧的報告中涉及的法律違反了美國的"根本目錄著名的批評和失敗，甚至承認有多種方式接近，難點問題進行討論… … "

“We hope that in future the work of the Special Rapporteur proceeds differently,” Khanna said, claiming Scheinin’s description of the combatant status reviews was “in part misleading about the facts of the process, and revisits well-worn, ill-informed criticisms of military commissions hearings. "我們希望，在今後的工作，特別報告員的收益不同， "他將說，並聲稱謝寧所描述的戰鬥狀態評語是"在誤導部分對事實的過程中，回顧了良好的磨損，虐待通知批評軍事委員會的聽證會。 The unfortunate fact is that a large part of the report again repeats unfair and oversimplified criticisms of the United States.”不幸的事實是，大部份的報告中再次重申不公平化和簡單化的批評， "美國。

However, the “well-worn” arguments against the military tribunals have also been made by the US Supreme Court—specifically in regard to the case of Hamdan—before this decision was scuttled by Congress in the 2006 Military Commissions Act.然而， "用心良苦破舊的"論據反對軍事法庭也取得了由美國最高法院來裁決-特別是在考慮到案件哈姆丹-在此之前，決定提前結束由國會批准在2006年軍事委員會法。 In that case, Hamdan v. Rumsfeld , the court ruled that President Bush did not have the authority to establish military commissions, and found them to be illegal under military law and the Geneva Conventions.在這種情況下， 哈姆丹訴拉姆斯菲爾德 ，法院裁定，布什總統沒有權力設立軍事委員會，並發現這些人是非法的，根據軍事法律和日內瓦公約。

When Hamdan was subject to another military commission in June 2007, charges of conspiracy and supporting terrorism were thrown out by the military judge, who ruled that the commission lacked jurisdiction because Hamdan had not been officially classified as an “unlawful enemy combatant.”當哈姆丹時，所受到的另一次軍事委員會於2007年6月，罪名包括陰謀，並支持恐怖主義，被拋出，由軍事法官，他們裁決，該委員會沒有管轄權，因為哈姆丹沒有被正式歸類為"非法敵方戰鬥人員" 。

The government appealed this decision, asking a military court to declare Hamdan an “unlawful enemy combatant” so he can be tried once again.政府呼籲這一決定，要求軍事法院宣布哈姆丹是"非法敵方戰鬥人員" ，所以他可以嘗試一遍。 A ruling has not been issued as of this writing.裁決尚未發出，因為寫本。 During the hearing, the defense was denied the request to call three “high value” detainees held at Guantánamo for testimony on the spurious grounds that the request was not timely because of the clearance required to access such prisoners.在聽證會上，國防部拒絕了這項請求，呼籲三個"高價值"的拘留者關押在關塔那摩為證詞中的虛假理由是該請求是不及時的，因為有關手續所需接觸這些囚犯。 The detainees, Khalid Sheik Mohammed, Ramzi Bin al-Shib and Abu Faraj al-Libi, have all been subjected to CIA interrogations and torture.被拘留者，哈立德謝赫穆罕默德，拉姆齊斌基地shib和阿布法拉傑基地利比都受到了美國中央情報局的審訊和酷刑。

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