UN expresses “grave concern” over CIA torture联合国对此表示"严重关切"中情局酷刑

UN representative expresses “grave concern” over CIA torture, Guantánamo hearings联合国代表表示"严重关切"中情局酷刑，关塔那摩听证会

By Naomi Spencer由纳奥米斯宾塞

Following a visit earlier this month to the US military prison at Guantánamo Bay, a United Nations human rights representative reported ongoing abuse, drumhead judicial proceedings, and other violations of international law.访问之后于本月初向美国军事监狱在关塔那摩湾，一个联合国人权代表汇报了正在进行的虐待， drumhead司法程序，以及其他违反国际法的行为。 The report by the UN official, charging the US government with widespread criminality, has been almost entirely ignored by the US media.该报告由联合国官员，充电，美国政府与广泛的犯罪活动，已几乎完全忽视了美国媒体。

In a report to the UN Human Rights Council meeting in Geneva December 13, Special Rapporteur on human rights and counterterrorism Martin Scheinin said he believed the CIA continues to engage in so-called “extraordinary rendition,” secret detentions and torture.在一份研究报告中向联合国人权理事会在日内瓦举行会议12月13日，人权问题特别报告员和反恐怖马丁谢宁说，他相信中情局继续搞所谓"非常规引渡"的秘密拘留和酷刑。 Scheinin suggested that hundreds of detainees held at Guantánamo were not being prosecuted to keep revelations of abuse from emerging.谢宁建议，有数以百计的拘留者关押在关塔那摩没有被检控，以保持揭露虐待的羁绊。 During his visit, he was not allowed to have unmonitored interaction with detainees.访问期间，他是不容许有不受监督的互动与被拘留者。

Of the 305 Guantánamo detainees, about 80 have already been put through combatant status review tribunals (CSRT) and declared not to be “enemy combatants,” although they have not been released.对305名关塔那摩被拘留者中，约有80个已通过战斗身份审查法庭（ csrt ） ，并声称不要被"敌方战斗人员" ，虽然他们并没有被释放。 The military has announced that it plans to hold these hearings for another 80 detainees, after which they could ostensibly be convicted by military trial.军方已宣布，它计划举行听证会，为另外80拘留，之后他们可能表面上被定罪，由军事审判。 But for 150 so-called “high value” prisoners, Scheinin said, “There is not enough evidence that could be presented, even to a military commission chaired by a military judge.但对于150我们所谓的"高价值"囚犯，谢宁说， "有没有足够的证据可以提出，甚至达到了军事委员会主席由一名军事法官。 Partly there may not be evidence and partly the risk of issues of torture being raised is too high.”部分原因可能没有证据和部分风险的问题，酷刑被提出太高" 。

“Bringing them to court would bring to the court’s attention the method through which the evidence, including the confessions, were obtained,” Scheinin told the press following his report. " ，并将他们法院将提请法院的注意，该方法通过这些证据，包括供述中，获得了" ，谢宁告诉新闻界，以下为他的报告。

In addition to the recent revelations that the CIA had destroyed interrogation tapes, he said the indefinite detention without trial “is one further affirmation of the conclusion that the CIA or others have been involved in methods of interrogation that are incompatible with international law.” The CIA, Scheinin stated, “has been involved and continues to be involved in the use of interrogation techniques that violate the absolute prohibition against torture.”此外，最近揭露说，中情局已销毁讯问录音带时，他说，未经审判无限期拘留" ，是进一步确认的结论，即美国中央情报局或其他人已参与讯问方法是不符合国际法"中央情报局，谢宁说， "一直参与和继续参与，在使用的审讯手段违反绝对禁止酷刑" 。

The destruction of the CIA interrogation tapes showing the torture of at least two prisoners underscores the basic fact that egregious human rights violations by the US are not isolated events.销毁中央情报局审问录影带显示的酷刑至少有两名囚犯突显了基本的事实，而且令人震惊的侵犯人权的美国并非孤立事件。 On the contrary, torture and illegal detentions have been the standard operating procedure for the CIA, with the cooperation of military brass and the support of the entire political establishment.与此相反，酷刑和非法关押已成为标准作业程序，为美国中央情报局的配合下军事黄铜和支持，整个政治的建立。

Scheinin said that in a meeting with representatives of the CIA during his visit to the United States, “the CIA refused to engage in any meaningful interaction aimed at clarifying the means of compliance with international standards of methods of interrogation and accountability in respect of possible abuses.” He also said the CIA refused to meet with him a second time.谢宁说，在会见代表时，中情局在访问期间，向美国， "美国中央情报局拒绝进行任何有意义的互动，旨在澄清手段，符合国际标准的讯问方法和问责制方面可能出现的弊端"他还表示，中情局拒绝会见他的第二次。 This stonewalling is yet further evidence of the lawlessness of the US government.这种拖延的是，但进一步证明了无法无天的美国政府。

Significantly, Scheinin noted that behavior by CIA officials “supports the suspicion that the CIA has been involved and continues to be involved in the extraordinary rendition of terrorism suspects and possibly other persons.”显着，谢宁指出行为中央情报局官员的"支持猜疑说，中情局一直参与，并继续参与这一非常规引渡恐怖嫌犯，并可能在其他的人" 。

Moreover, the report concluded, “It is unlikely that the CIA would be able to run a global programme of rendition and detention of terrorist suspects without at least logistical support by the United States military authorities.”此外，该报告总结说： "这是不可能说，中情局将能运行一个全球性方案的移交逃犯和被拘留的恐怖嫌疑人，没有起码的后勤支持，由美国军事当局的" 。

Although the Bush administration declared that it held no other “high value” detainees in secret detention after transferring 14 to Guantánamo Bay from around the world in 2006, it reserved the possibility of resuming the practice whenever it wished, and has rendered at least one other detainee since then.尽管布什政府宣称，它没有举行其他的"高价值"被关押在秘密拘留后移交14至关塔那摩湾的来自世界各地的2006年，它保留是否可能恢复实践中，每当它想，并提供至少一名其他被拘留者自那时以来。 Other suspected detainees remain missing.其它疑似被拘留仍然下落不明。

It should not be forgotten that, in addition to those detainees being held at Guantánamo, the US continues to hold some 700 detainees in Afghanistan and approximately 18,000 detainees in Iraq.我们不应忘记，除了这些被拘留者被关押在关塔那摩，美国将继续持有大约700名被关押在阿富汗和大约18000名被关押在伊拉克。 Many of these are classified by the US as “unlawful enemy combatants” in order to deny them fundamental legal rights.许多这些都是机密被美国当成"非法敌方战斗人员" ，以拒绝给予他们基本的法律权利。

While at the Guantánamo Bay prison, Scheinin observed the pre-trial military proceedings against Salim Ahmed Hamdan, the alleged former driver of Osama bin Laden.而在关塔那摩湾监狱，谢宁观察预审军事程序对萨利姆艾哈迈德哈姆丹，指称前司机拉登。 Hamdan, captured in Afghanistan in 2001, has been held at Guantánamo since 2002.哈姆丹，在阿富汗抓获的，在2001年，被关押在关塔那摩监狱自2002年以来。

The drumhead character Hamdan’s CSRT was evident.该drumhead性格哈姆丹的csrt是显而易见的。 “The hearings provided graphic illustrations of the practical difficulties in providing fair trials at a distant military base, and confirmed the difficulties or even impossibility of the defense to provide evidence,” Scheinin told the press. "听证会提供的插图的实际困难，在提供公正的审判，在一个遥远的军事基地，并确认了困难，甚至是不可能的国防部提供证据， "谢宁告诉记者。 “Neither witnesses from abroad or high-value detainees from the Guantánamo detention facility next door could be heard, at least on this particular occasion.” "既不是证人从国外或高价值囚犯从关塔那摩拘留所隔壁，可听到的，至少在这个特定的场合" 。

The written report is more specific: “These are administrative processes rather than judicial ones.书面报告中，是更具体的说： "这些都是行政程序，而非司法。 Detainees are not provided with a lawyer during the course of hearings.” Even if all charges are dropped, “the most that a reviewing court may do is to order reconsideration of a decision, not release.” This violates international prohibitions on arbitrary detention, habeas corpus rights, the right to a timely trial, and other fundamental legal protections.被拘留者不提供律师的过程中，听证会" ，即使所有指控都下降， "最一检讨法院可以做的，是为了复议决定，而不是释放" ，这是违反国际禁令，任意拘留问题人身保护权，及时审理，及其他基本的法律保护。

As could be expected, US media coverage of the report and the Hamdan CSRT has been nonexistent.可以预期，美国媒体报道的报告和哈姆丹csrt已不复存在。 Neither the New York Times , Washington Post , nor Los Angeles Times published an article on the topic, with the main coverage in the US coming from brief wire reports from the AP and Reuters.无论是纽约时报 ， 华盛顿邮报 ，也不洛杉矶时报发表一篇文章，就这个专题，主要报导，在美国即将从短暂线材报道，由美联社和路透社。

Also typical, the response of the US government to the report has consisted largely of the attempt to dismiss and discredit it.也是典型的，响应美国政府的这份报告主要是企图否定和诋毁它。 Melanie Khanna, a US legal adviser, was quoted in both the AP and Reuters articles at some length.梅兰妮，他将上，一位美国法律顾问，被引述的两美联社和路透社的文章，在一些长度。 Khanna said that sections of Scheinin’s report dealing with legal violations by the US “simply catalogue well-known criticisms and fail even to acknowledge that there are multiple ways of approaching the difficult issues discussed…”他将说，路段谢宁的报告中涉及的法律违反了美国的"根本目录著名的批评和失败，甚至承认有多种方式接近，难点问题进行讨论… … "

“We hope that in future the work of the Special Rapporteur proceeds differently,” Khanna said, claiming Scheinin’s description of the combatant status reviews was “in part misleading about the facts of the process, and revisits well-worn, ill-informed criticisms of military commissions hearings. "我们希望，在今后的工作，特别报告员的收益不同， "他将说，并声称谢宁所描述的战斗状态评语是"在误导部分对事实的过程中，回顾了良好的磨损，虐待通知批评军事委员会的听证会。 The unfortunate fact is that a large part of the report again repeats unfair and oversimplified criticisms of the United States.”不幸的事实是，大部份的报告中再次重申不公平化和简单化的批评， "美国。

However, the “well-worn” arguments against the military tribunals have also been made by the US Supreme Court—specifically in regard to the case of Hamdan—before this decision was scuttled by Congress in the 2006 Military Commissions Act.然而， "用心良苦破旧的"论据反对军事法庭也取得了由美国最高法院来裁决-特别是在考虑到案件哈姆丹-在此之前，决定提前结束由国会批准在2006年军事委员会法。 In that case, Hamdan v. Rumsfeld , the court ruled that President Bush did not have the authority to establish military commissions, and found them to be illegal under military law and the Geneva Conventions.在这种情况下， 哈姆丹诉拉姆斯菲尔德 ，法院裁定，布什总统没有权力设立军事委员会，并发现这些人是非法的，根据军事法律和日内瓦公约。

When Hamdan was subject to another military commission in June 2007, charges of conspiracy and supporting terrorism were thrown out by the military judge, who ruled that the commission lacked jurisdiction because Hamdan had not been officially classified as an “unlawful enemy combatant.”当哈姆丹时，所受到的另一次军事委员会于2007年6月，罪名包括阴谋，并支持恐怖主义，被抛出，由军事法官，他们裁决，该委员会没有管辖权，因为哈姆丹没有被正式归类为"非法敌方战斗人员" 。

The government appealed this decision, asking a military court to declare Hamdan an “unlawful enemy combatant” so he can be tried once again.政府呼吁这一决定，要求军事法院宣布哈姆丹是"非法敌方战斗人员" ，所以他可以尝试一遍。 A ruling has not been issued as of this writing.裁决尚未发出，因为写本。 During the hearing, the defense was denied the request to call three “high value” detainees held at Guantánamo for testimony on the spurious grounds that the request was not timely because of the clearance required to access such prisoners.在听证会上，国防部拒绝了这项请求，呼吁三个"高价值"的拘留者关押在关塔那摩为证词中的虚假理由是该请求是不及时的，因为有关手续所需接触这些囚犯。 The detainees, Khalid Sheik Mohammed, Ramzi Bin al-Shib and Abu Faraj al-Libi, have all been subjected to CIA interrogations and torture.被拘留者，哈立德谢赫穆罕默德，拉姆齐斌基地shib和阿布法拉杰基地利比都受到了美国中央情报局的审讯和酷刑。

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