President Bush should be impeached for war crimes美國總統布什應該被彈劾的戰爭罪行
By通過 Bill Wickersham條例草案wickersham | Bill Wickersham is an adjunct professor of Peace Studies at MU, a member of Veterans for Peace and a member of the national steering committee of Global Action to Prevent War.In June 2004, the Bush Administration issued a statement that detailed its rationale and legal stance for denying terror suspects the protection of international humanitarian law. |條例草案wickersham是一個客座教授的和平研究畝的一員，退伍軍人爭取和平的一員，國家指導委員會的全球行動，以防止war.in 2004年6月，布什政府發表了一項聲明，詳細說明理由和法律的立場，否認恐怖嫌疑人，保護國際人道主義法。 The statement included hundreds of pages of White House communications intended to counter widespread criticism that George W. Bush had personally endorsed the plans used to justify the interrogation abuses of US prisoners held in Iraq, Guantanamo Bay and other worldwide locations.聲明包括長達數百頁的白宮通訊打算反廣泛的批評，布什曾親自批准了計劃用來證明審訊侵犯美國關押在伊拉克，關塔那摩灣和世界其他地點。 At that time Bush said, “I have never ordered torture.” Ordered or not, it is now clear from recent reports that Bush was well aware of, and approved plans for, the questioning of known and alleged al-Qaida prisoners being held by the CIA.在當時的布什說， “我從來沒有下令酷刑” 。下令或沒有，這是現在很清楚，從最近有報導稱，布什深知，並批准了計劃，訊問的已知和指稱基地組織的囚犯正在舉行中央情報局。
On April 9, 2008, ABC News reported that Bush’s National Security Council Principals Committee had dozens of top-secret talks and meetings at the White House to review interrogation procedures to be used by the CIA on al-Qaida suspects.關於2008年4月9日， ABC新聞報導說，布什的國家安全委員會校長委員會數十絕密的會談和會見，在白宮檢討審訊程序將用於由中央情報局與基地組織嫌疑人。 Condoleezza Rice chaired the committee, which included Dick Cheney, Donald Rumsfeld, Collin Powell, George Tenet and John Aschroft.賴斯擔任主席的委員會，其中包括切尼，拉姆斯菲爾德，科林鮑威爾，特尼特和約翰aschroft 。 According to ABC, the principals discussed and approved specific details of “enhanced interrogation techniques” — “CIA-Speak” and “Pentagonese” for torture, including face slapping, pushing, sleep deprivation and the simulated drowning technique known as “waterboarding.”據美國廣播公司，校長的討論和批准的具體細節， “強化審訊技術” -“美國中央情報局發言”和“ p entagonese”酷刑，包括面對掌摑，推撞，剝奪睡眠和模擬溺水技術被稱為“ w aterboarding” 。
According to a recent article by Dan Eggen of the Washington Post, Bush publicly defended the principals’ torture policies and decisions saying, “Well, we started to connect the dots in order to protect the American people.根據最近的一篇文章由Dan eggen的華盛頓郵報，布什公開辯護，校長的酷刑政策和決定，他說： “好，我們開始來連接這些點，以保護美國人民。 And, yes, I’m aware our national security team met on this issue, and I approved.” As previously noted, Condoleezza Rice chaired the Principals Committee and played a key role in development of policies that cleared the way for US torture practices.和，不錯，我知道我們的國家安全團隊會面，在這個問題上，我和批准“ 。如前所述，賴斯主持校長委員會和發揮了關鍵作用，在發展中的政策掃清了道路，美國酷刑的做法。 In 2004, the CIA sought additional assurance by the administration for use of torture on “high value” CIA captured suspects.在2004年，美國中央情報局尋求額外的保證，政府當局使用酷刑的“高價值”的美國中央情報局抓獲嫌疑人。 In addressing this episode, ABC News reported about Rice: “Despite growing policy concerns — shared by Powell — that the program was harming the image of the United States abroad, … (she) did not back down, telling the CIA: ‘This is your baby; Go do it.’”在處理這一事件， ABC新聞報導，賴斯說： “儘管日益增加的政策關注-共享鮑威爾-該計劃是損害美國的形象在國外，… … （她）並沒有回下來，告訴美國中央情報局：'這是您的寶寶;去這樣做“ 。
When stories regarding detainees at the Abu Grahib prison in Iraq became public, blame for the illegal crimes was placed on “a few rotten apples in the barrel,” low-ranking US soldiers, some of whom are now serving jail sentences.當被拘留者的故事，就在阿布grahib監獄在伊拉克，成為市民，歸咎於非法的罪行被列入“幾個爛蘋果，在槍管， ”低級別的美軍士兵，其中一些人現在服務被判入獄。 It is now very clear that there were also “bad apples” in barrels at the White House, the Pentagon and in Langley, Va., at CIA headquarters.現在應該是很清楚，也有“壞蘋果”在桶在白宮，五角大樓和在蘭利，在美國中央情報局總部。 Much of the torture that has occured is the result of orders fully approved by the White House.大部分的酷刑已發生的是結果的訂單，充分批准白宮。 Thus, the neo-conservative Bush administration, which purportedly invaded and occupied Iraq to free its people of Saddam’s heinous atrocities, is now guilty of its own, including the killing of innumerable Iraqi citizens via aerial bombardment and house-to-house invasions.因此，新保守主義，布什政府，聲稱入侵和佔領伊拉克，以自由，人民薩達姆的令人髮指的暴行，現在是承認它自己的，包括殺害無數的伊拉克公民通過空中轟炸和挨家挨戶入侵。
In addressing the torture policies of the National Security Council Principals Committee, University of Illinois Professor Francis A. Boyle, one of the world’s foremost authorities on international humanitarian law, said, “Clearly this was criminal activity at the time they committed it.在解決酷刑的政策，國家安全會議的校長委員會，伊利諾斯大學的錢玉麟教授答：波義耳，一個世界的首要當局對國際人道主義法，說： “很顯然，這是犯罪活動在時間，他們承諾。 At the very least, it violated the Geneva Conventions, the Convention Against Torture, The War Crimes Act, and the federal anti-torture statutes.在非常至少，它違反了日內瓦公約，禁止酷刑公約，戰爭罪法，和聯邦反酷刑法規。 Clearly these are impeachable offenses.”顯然，這些都是彈劾罪“ 。
Given the “high crimes” committed by top administration officials in violation of the US Constitution, what is to be done?鑑於“高犯罪”的承諾，由最高政府官員在違反美國憲法，怎麼辦？ >From the first revelations of the Bush/Cheney war crimes, many writers, including Professor Boyle and I, have strongly called for impeachment of the president. >從第一次的啟示，布什/切尼的戰爭罪行，許多作家，包括教授波義耳和我，都強烈要求彈劾總統。 Thus far, Nancy Pelosi and other key members of Congress have failed to live up to their oath of office by failing to defend the Supreme Law of the Land.因此，到目前為止，佩洛西和其他關鍵的國會議員未能兌現其宣誓就職，未能捍衛的最高法律的土地。 On June 10, 2008, Missourian writer David Rosman wrote a very informative piece citing many reasons to avoid the impeachment process. 6月10日， 2008年， missourian作家大衛羅斯曼寫了非常詳實的作品引用的原因很多，為了避免彈劾程序。 However, I continue to disagree with Rosman’s position that somehow health care, deficit spending, education, trade, the war and so on take precedence over concern for criminal violations of the basic provisions of the US Constitution, including Article VI section 2 of that revered document.不過，我繼續不同意羅斯曼的立場，認為在某種程度上保健，赤字開支，教育，貿易，戰爭等，採取優先關注的刑事違反基本法的規定，美國憲法，包括第六條第2款這崇敬的文件。 In terms of war, there would have been no war had Bush fulfilled his obligation to defend the Constitution.在戰爭的條款，將有已沒有了戰爭，布什履行他的義務，捍衛憲法。 And the impeachment process, even without conviction of the president and vice-president, would offer a warning to future US leaders that they must obey the laws of war.和彈劾過程中，即使沒有定罪的總統和副總統，將提供一個警告，未來的美國領導人，他們必須遵守戰爭法。
Having said this, I certainly do agree with Rosman’s view that “when Bush and Cheney are once again civilians, then file criminal charges against the former holders of the executive office for treason and high crimes against the people.話雖如此，我當然同意羅斯曼的看法，即： “當布什和切尼再次平民，那麼文件的刑事指控對前持有人的執行辦公室為叛國和高危害人民。 Jail time sounds so much better.” I favor impeachment and jail time for Bush and Cheney and the filing of criminal charges against all of the top officials involved in the planning and approval of prisoner interrogation crimes.坐牢時間的聲音，所以好多了。 “我贊成彈劾及監禁時間，布什和切尼和備案的刑事指控，所有的高層官員參與規劃和批准的囚犯審訊的罪行。
Bill Wickersham is an Adjunct Professor of Peace Studies at MU, a member of Veterans for Peace and a member of the national steering committee of Global Action to Prevent War.條例草案wickersham是一個客座教授的和平研究畝的一員，退伍軍人爭取和平的一員，國家指導委員會的全球行動，以防止戰爭。
Columbia Missourian, MO哥倫比亞missourian ，莫
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