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 | Translate: 翻译：               FBI’s civil rights initiative: no trials yet美国联邦调查局的公民权利倡议：任何审判，但 Saturday, September 6th, 2008 周六， 2008年9月6日 WASHINGTON - Flanked by officials from the NAACP and the Southern Poverty Law Center, FBI Director Robert Mueller last year announced with considerable fanfare a new partnership between his agency and civil rights organizations.华盛顿-两旁的官员从全国有色人种协进会和南方贫穷法律中心，美国联邦调查局局长罗伯特米勒在去年宣布与相当紧锣密鼓地建立新的伙伴关系，其管辖的机构和民权组织。 The goal: To bring justice in long-ignored murders from the civil rights era.目标：使司法在长期忽略的谋杀案，从公民权利的时代。 The outcome: Not one case has been prosecuted under the FBI’s Cold Case Initiative, which actually began two years ago with no fanfare at all.结果：没有一个案件已起诉，根据美国联邦调查局的冷案的倡议，其实开始两年前没有大张旗鼓在所有。 The civil rights leaders present at Mueller’s February 2007 news conference — John Jackson of the NAACP, who now works for a private firm, and Richard Cohen, director of the Southern Poverty Law Center — have come to question the government’s motives.民事权利的领导人出席了穆勒的2007年2月新闻发布会-J ohnJ ackson评价的全国有色人种协进会，谁现在工程为一家私人公司，和理查德科恩，主任南部贫穷法律中心-来质疑政府的动机。 “I’ve been disappointed that more cases have not been brought,” Cohen said. “我已经失望的是，更多的案件并没有被绳之以法， ”科恩说。 “I worried that too many people would get their hopes up. “我担心太多的人会得到他们的希望。 I don’t want to be part of a show.”我不想得到的一个组成部分，显示“ 。 Some of the killings occurred up to 60 years ago.一些杀戮发生多达60多年前。 Evidence was sometimes destroyed to prevent further investigating.证据是，有时销毁，以防止进一步的调查。 Some crime-scene samples — clothing, hair strands, blood stains — were lost.一些犯罪现场的样本-服装，头发s trands，血迹-遗失。 Memories have faded, and witnesses have died.有褪色的记忆，和证人已经死亡。 Of those still alive, some are afraid to come forward even now.那些仍然活着，有些是怕挺身而出，即使是现在。 Others are ashamed, unwilling to bear witness against relatives who did the Ku Klux Klan’s bidding.其他人感到羞愧，不愿承担对证人的亲属谁没有三K党的投标。 Yet some killers have been convicted — before the FBI’s new initiative was announced.然而，一些杀手已被定罪-前美国联邦调查局的新倡议是宣布。 Those successes were due in large part to the relentless efforts of survivors, journalists and prosecutors, and to the declassification of secret documents from the segregationist Mississippi State Sovereignty Commission, an agency that spied on blacks and civil rights workers and was connected to racial killings.这些成功在很大程度上应归功于部分向不懈努力的幸存者，记者和检察官，并能解密的秘密文件，从种族隔离密西西比州国家主权委员会，一个间谍机构，对黑人和公民权利的工人，并连接到种族屠杀。 Commission records were finally released in 1998 after a 21-year legal battle.委员会的纪录，最后被释放了在1998年后21年的法律大战。 Since 1989, state and federal authorities have made about 29 arrests, leading to 23 convictions, according to civil rights organizations and others.自1989年以来，州和联邦当局已逮捕约29 ，导致23日被法庭定罪，根据公民权利组织和其他组织。 Those cases include:这些案件包括： • Byron De La Beckwith’s conviction in 1994 of murdering Medgar Evers, the first NAACP field secretary in Mississippi, shot to death on his doorstep some three decades earlier. •拜伦德香格里拉贝克维斯的信念，在1994年杀害medgar埃弗斯，全国有色人种协进会第一场司司长在密西西比，开枪打死，他家门口的一些三十年前。 • Edgar Ray Killen’s 2005 conviction on three counts of manslaughter for orchestrating the killings of civil-rights workers. •射线埃德加基伦的2005年定罪，三项误杀为策划杀害民权工作者。 The deaths of James Chaney, Andrew Goodman and Michael Schwerner — kidnapped and shot to death by Klan members — were the basis of the 1989 film “Mississippi Burning.”死亡詹姆斯夏，安德鲁古德曼和迈克尔schwerner -绑架和枪杀由三K党成员-根据19 89年的电影“密西西比燃烧”。 But for each conviction there are many killings that have never been prosecuted or even fully investigated.但对于每一个信念，有许多杀戮从来没有被起诉或什至进行充分调查。 Nineteen years ago, the Southern Poverty Law Center, a civil rights group based in Montgomery, Ala., began compiling a list of those unsolved killings.十九年前，南部贫穷法律中心，一个民权组织总部设在蒙哥马利，阿拉巴马州，开始编制一份名单，这些悬而未决的杀戮。 It is called “The Forgotten,” and contains more than 70 names dating to the 1940s.这是所谓的“被遗忘” ，并载有70多个名称可追溯至20世纪40年代。 Center researchers created case files for each.中心的研究人员创造了案件的档案，为每个。 Some contain a wealth of public records and statements.一些载有大量的公共记录及报表。 Some hold a single story clipped from a Northern newspaper.有些人一个单一的故事，撞上了从北方报纸。 It was from those files, as well as materials submitted by the NAACP and others, that the FBI’s Cold Case Initiative found 95 cases to review.这是从这些文件，以及提交的材料由全国有色人种协进会和其他人，联邦调查局的冷战情况下主动发现的95例进行检讨。 “We cannot turn back the clock. “我们不能回头的时钟。 We cannot right these wrongs.我们不能正确的这些错误。 But we can try to bring a measure of justice to those who remain,” Mueller said last year, joined by then-Attorney General Alberto Gonzales.但我们可以尝试把一个措施，司法对那些谁留， “穆勒说，去年，参加由当时的司法部长阿尔韦托冈萨雷斯。 Gonzales, seven months away from resigning under fire, also pledged to chase justice.冈萨雷斯，七个月远离辞职，根据消防，还承诺追逐正义。 “We hope we can bring closure to some of these cases,” he said. “我们希望我们能够带来一些封闭这些案件的， ”他说。 Mueller promised the cases would be sent to FBI field offices for review.穆勒承诺，案件将被送往联邦调查局总部外办事处以供审查。 Months later, he testified before the Senate Judiciary Committee that 26 cases had been forwarded to the Justice Department for prosecutorial analyses.几个月后，他作证之前，美国参议院司法委员会认为， 26例已送交司法部，为检察分析。 They’ve been there for more than a year.他们已经有一年多。 A bill in Congress that would have allocated $10 million annually to pursue cold civil rights cases — the so-called Till Bill, named for Emmett Till, a murdered black teenager — passed the House overwhelmingly but failed in the Senate.一项法案在国会会已拨出1000万美元，每年以追求冷战公民权利的案件-即所谓的到条例草案，命名为埃梅特至今，杀害黑人少年-通过众议院以压倒多数，但未能在参议院的。 For two years it was blocked by a maneuver called a “hold,” initiated by Sen. Tom Coburn, R-Okla.两年来，它被拦截由机动所谓的“持有”发起的参议员汤姆coburn ，的R - okla 。 He argued the government should not give money to new programs until it figures out what to do about chaotic fuel prices.他说，政府不应该付钱给新程序，直到它的数字出来做什么混沌的燃油价格。 Supporters hope Congress will revive the funding measure.支持者希望国会将恢复资金的措施。 Meanwhile, the cold case initiative remains under FBI’s civil rights division, with no independent budget.同时，冷战的情况下，仍然主动联邦调查局的公民权利分工，没有独立的财政预算案。 The FBI will reveal little about the initiative.美国联邦调查局将揭示甚少主动。 Some civil rights leaders wonder whether it was more than an effort to cast the embattled Gonzales in a more favorable light.一些民权领袖，不知是否是一个多努力，铸在危机四伏的冈萨雷斯在一个更加有利的根据。 “I’ve always wondered about the timing,” said Jackson, who was then chief policy officer for the NAACP. “我总是想知道时间， ”杰克逊说，谁是当时的首席政策官，为全国有色人种协进会。 “There was a lot going on with the attorney general at the time,” he said, referring to Congress members’ demands that Gonzales resign amid criticism of government surveillance programs and alleged political motivations in the firing of several federal prosecutors. “有很多事情与总检察长在时间， ”他说，是指国会议员要求冈萨雷斯辞职，中，批评政府的监察程序，并指政治动机在射击的几个联邦检察官。 “We wanted to know, after we turned over the cases, what was the next step?” Jackson said. “我们想知道，当我们上缴的案件，什么是下一步？ ”杰克逊说。 “A lot of (FBI) staffers didn’t know how it worked.” “很多（美国联邦调查局）的工作人员不知道它如何工作” 。 Southern Poverty Law Center director Cohen says he has heard little since the news conference, where he was surprised to hear the word “partnership.”南部贫穷法律中心主任科恩说，他已听到小自新闻发布会上，在那里他很惊讶听到这个词“伙伴关系” 。 “We’d never discussed that,” he said. “我们从来没有讨论过， ”他说。 “I certainly don’t see myself as their ‘partner.’” “当然，我没有看到自己作为他们的'伙伴' ” 。 Has the initiative done nothing?已主动做了什么？ In an interview at FBI headquarters, civil rights division chief Carlton Peeples replied: “I would say that’s probably untrue.在接受记者采访时，在联邦调查局总部，公民权利科长卡尔顿皮普尔斯回答说： “我会说的可能是不真实的。 We’re not going to get anywhere with these cases if people don’t come forward.”我们也不会获得任何与这些案件如果人们不站出来“ 。 Still, he would not say which cases are being reviewed and said he does not know how many agents are working on them.不过，他也没有透露哪些案件现正检讨，并表示他不知道有多少代理商的工作对他们的影响。 He also would not discuss details concerning some cases recently reopened and closed, including the notorious killing of Till in 1955.他也不会详细讨论关于某些情况下，最近重新开放和封闭，包括臭名昭著的杀戮，直至1955年。 Visiting his great uncle in Money, Miss., the 14-year-old Chicago boy made remarks deemed suggestive to a white woman behind the counter of a local market.访问他的伟大的叔叔在金钱，密西西比州， 14岁的芝加哥男孩的言论，被视为暗示一个白人妇女柜台后面一个本地市场。 When she went outside to get a gun from her car, he wolf-whistled.当她走到外面得到枪从她的车，他狼吃到。 The next day, he was dragged from his bed at 2:30 am by at least two white men.第二天，他被拖进从他的床在上午02时30分由至少两名白人男子。 Till’s bloated body was found snagged in the undergrowth of the Tallahatchie River.到臃肿的尸体被发现，比如，在林下的tallahatchie河。 He had been beaten and shot.他曾遭到殴打和枪杀。 Barbed wire circled his neck, tied to a 70-pound fan from a cotton gin.铁丝网盘旋，他的脖子，绑了70磅范从棉花的洋酒。 Two half brothers, one of them the woman’s husband, were tried for murder.两个同父异母的兄弟，其中一人该名女子的丈夫，被审判的谋杀案。 An all-white jury took 68 minutes to find them not guilty.一个全白人组成的陪审团了六八分钟找到它们不认罪。 Years later, the men, now dead, confessed to Look magazine, saying they had killed the boy after he refused to apologize.年后，该三名男子，现在死了，供认了看杂志，说他们杀害了该名男童后，他拒绝道歉。 The case was reopened in 2004 — after the release of “The Untold Story of Emmett Louis Till,” a documentary film by Keith Beauchamp that included interviews with people who’d never publicly spoken about the killing.案件重开在2004年-推出后， “无尽的故事，埃梅特路易至今， ”纪录片由基思博乡广场（ B eauchamp，包括访谈的人谁愿意从未在公开场合谈及杀害。 A new FBI investigation produced a 464-page investigative report, but the FBI concluded it had no federal jurisdiction and forwarded the case to Mississippi prosecutors.一个新的美国联邦调查局调查，制作了464页的调查报告，但美国联邦调查局的结论是，它没有联邦管辖并转交案件的密西西比州检察官。 Last year, a Leflore County grand jury declined to issue indictments, citing insufficient evidence.去年， leflore县大陪审团拒绝问题的起诉书，列举证据不足。 At trial, Till’s great uncle testified he heard what could have been a woman’s voice saying, “That’s him,” after the boy was dragged from his house.在审讯中，至今的伟大叔叔作证，他听到了什么可能会被一个妇女的声音说： “这就是他， ”后，该名男童被拖从他的房子。 Carolyn Bryant, the woman Till whistled at, has long denied being in the car that night.卡洛琳科比，该名女子到吃到在，长期以来一直否认在汽车上当晚。 Beauchamp, who’s based in Brooklyn, NY, is proud to call himself a partner of the FBI.博乡广场（ Beauchamp ，谁的总部设在布鲁克林，纽约州，是自豪地自称的伙伴，美国联邦调查局。 He said the agency gave him a list of the top five cases reviewed under the cold case initiative.他说，该机构给他的名单顶部的五宗个案检讨下，冷战案件的倡议。 “I’m helping them shake the trees,” he said, by producing documentaries on those killings. “我帮助他们动摇的树木， ”他说，制作的纪录片，对那些杀害。 Beauchamp’s re-enactments of the five cases will be the focus of a television series called “Murder in Black and White,” scheduled to run in October on cable channel TV One.博乡广场（ Beauchamp的重新颁布的五宗个案中，将重点的电视系列节目所谓的“谋杀案，案中黑人和白人， ”计划运行在10月对有线电视频道的电视之一。 An 800 number will be shown — creating a kind of “America’s Most Wanted” tip line for racial killings. 1 800号码将显示-创造了一种“美国的头号通缉”提示线的种族杀戮。 The unsolved cases Beauchamp has dramatized:该解决的案件博乡广场（ Beauchamp已戏剧化： • Lamar Smith, a 63-year-old World War II veteran, was shot to death in 1955 on a crowded Mississippi courthouse lawn in broad daylight. •拉马尔史密斯，现年63岁的二次世界大战退伍军人，被开枪打死在1955年就在拥挤的密西西比州法庭草坪在光天化日之下。 He had argued with a white man over registering blacks to vote.他辩称，一个白人男子超过登记黑人投票。 No witnesses ever came forward.没有证人以往任何时候都出面。 • The Rev. George Lee, a Baptist minister who urged his Belzoni, Miss. parishioners to register to vote, was killed in 1955 by a shotgun blast fired at his car. •牧师乔治议员，浸会部长谁敦促他belzoni ，在密西西比州的教区居民进行选民登记，被打死在1955年由鸟枪爆炸发射他的车。 The death was never prosecuted.死亡是永远不会被检控。 After Lee was sprayed with buckshot, his car crashed into the porch of a woman’s house.后李被喷上buckshot ，他的汽车撞向门廊一名女子的家。 Initially, she told police she’d seen the shooter but later said she’d seen nothing.最初，她告诉警方，她要看到射击游戏，但后来说，她想要看到什么。 • Willie Edwards Jr., 25, a truck driver, was abducted by Klansmen in Montgomery County, Ala., and ordered to jump off a bridge or face being shot. •威利爱德华兹小， 25 ，是一名卡车司机，绑架klansmen在蒙哥马利郡，阿拉巴马州，并饬令跳转小康的桥梁，否则将面临被枪杀。 He jumped, and drowned.他跳楼，溺水身亡。 In 1976, one man confessed and three others were charged with murder.在1976年，一名男子供述和其他三人被落案控以谋杀罪。 The charges were dismissed after a judge ruled that forcing someone to jump doesn’t necessarily result in death.收费被驳回后，法官裁定，迫使有人要跳楼，并不一定会导致死亡。 The confessor, Raymond Britt, the only surviving participant, received immunity in exchange for his testimony.该忏悔，何锺泰布里特，唯一幸存的参与者，收到的豁免权，以换取他的证词。 • Sharecroppers George and Mae Murray Dorsey and Roger and Dorothy Malcom, were lynched at the Moore’s Ford Bridge outside Atlanta in 1946. •佃农乔治和Mae的美利多尔西和Roger和阮德徽马尔科姆，被私刑处死，在穆尔的福特桥以外的亚特兰大在1946年。 The couples were returning from jail, where Roger Malcom had been held for allegedly stabbing a white man in a fight.夫妇返回从监狱中，陆观马尔科姆已举行了据称刺伤一白人男子在打架。 A local white landowner had given them a ride to post Malcom’s bail.当地的白人地主已给予他们乘坐后马尔科姆的保释金。 Afterward, he drove all four to the bridge, where a white mob opened fire with shotguns, rifles and a machine gun.之后，他将所有四桥，凡白暴民开火与猎枪，步枪和机枪。 FBI agents dispatched by President Truman could find no witnesses.联邦调查局特工派出由杜鲁门总统可能找不到证人。 Dorothy Malcom was allegedly seven months’ pregnant.阮德徽马尔科姆据称， 7个月的孕妇。 The case was reopened eight years ago.案件重开八年前。 A Georgia civil rights leader has said at least five suspects are still alive.一格鲁吉亚公民权利的领导人说，至少有5嫌疑人仍然活着。 • Johnnie Mae Chappell, a black mother of 10, was shot to death in 1964 by the side of a Florida highway, where she was looking for her lost wallet. •的Johnnie Mae的查培尔，一个黑色的母亲10 ，被开枪打死在1964年由一侧佛罗里达州的公路，在那里她正在寻找她失去的钱包。 Four young white men were charged with her murder. 4年轻白人男子被落案控以谋杀她。 They confessed to prowling Chappell’s community, looking to “get” a black person as race riots raged in nearby Jacksonville.他们供认，以prowling查培尔的社区，展望“得到”一个黑色的人，不分种族暴动肆虐在附近的杰克逊维尔。 Charges were dropped against three after they recanted.收费下降对三后recanted 。 The fourth, JW Rich, served three years for manslaughter after telling an all-white jury that he hadn’t meant to shoot the woman.第四，系列JW丰富，服务三年误杀后，告诉所有白人组成的陪审团说，他没有意思，拍该名女子。 All four are still alive.上述四家都还活着。 The Jacksonville detective who solved the killing, a white man named Lee Cody, has for years said the case was buried by a racist chief of detectives, now dead, who was part of the Klan. Jacksonville的侦探谁解决了杀戮，白色名叫李科迪，多年来一直表示，该宗个案被安葬由一个种族主义行政的侦探，现在死了，谁的一部分，三K党。 Shelton Chappell, who was 4 months old when his mother died, has for years begged the FBI, with Cody’s help.谢尔顿查培尔，谁是四个月岁时，他的母亲去世，多年来一直乞求美国联邦调查局，与科迪的帮助。 After rejecting his pleas for years, the FBI met with Chappell in 2006 as part of the new cold case initiative, he said.后拒绝他的请求，多年来，联邦调查局会见了查培尔在2006年作为新的冷战案件的倡议，他说。 He told them everything he knew, a long and complicated story he has repeated over and over to state, local and federal authorities.他告诉他们的一切，他知道，一个漫长而复杂的故事，他一再重复和超过国家，地方和联邦当局。 His mother knew nothing about civil rights demonstrations.他的母亲一无所知，公民权利的示威活动。 She rode a bus 30 miles each way to clean the houses of white women.她乘坐的巴士每30英里的清洁方式房子的白人妇女。 She had gone to get ice cream from the corner store, then realized, as she walked along darkened US 1, that she’d somehow dropped her wallet.她已经得到冰淇淋从角落储存，然后实现，因为她走过黑暗的美国1月，她要有点下降了她的钱包。 There were headlight beams, then gunfire from a passing car, and then she was kneeling in the grass, shot in the stomach.有前照灯光束，然后枪声从路过的汽车，然后，她跪在地上基层，铅球在胃部。 She bled to death.她失血过多死亡。 Her 10 children were scattered in separate foster homes because her widower, who worked two jobs to support his family, wasn’t deemed fit by local welfare authorities to raise the children on his own.她的10名儿童则散布在不同的寄养家庭，因为她的鳏夫，谁工作，两份工作来支持他的家人，被认为不适合由当地福利部门，以提高儿童对自己的。 Many didn’t see each other for years.很多没有看到对方年。 Chappell’s children think the FBI should use the old confessions, and the testimony of Cody, to reopen the case.查培尔的孩子认为，联邦调查局应该使用旧的供述，证词科迪，重开此案。 Shelton Chappell says the government could have federal jurisdiction because his mother was walking along a national highway when she was shot.谢尔顿查培尔说，政府可以有联邦管辖，因为他的母亲是走在了全国公路时，她被枪杀。 But he has not heard a word since that 2006 meeting in Atlanta, and doesn’t have much hope that he will.但他却没有听到一句话，自2006年会议在亚特兰大，并没有多大希望他会。 “It’sa dog and pony show,” he says. “这是狗和小马显示， ”他说。 “Nothing has happened. “没有发生的事情。 I don’t see any movement.我看不出有任何运动。 I don’t know what they’re waiting on.我不知道他们是怎么在等待。 Are they waiting on everybody to die?他们每个人都在等待死亡？ What else do you need?”还有什么你是否有需要“ ？ FBI unit chief Nancy Nelson, who is Peeples’ boss and oversees the public corruption and civil rights operations, insists her office is “passionate about these cases” and will continue looking at them.美国联邦调查局股股长南希尼尔森，谁是皮普尔斯'的老板和监督公共腐败和公民权利的行动，坚持她的办公室是“激情对这些案件” ，并会继续看他们。 AP鸭 Have Your Say: FBI’s civil rights initiative: no trials yet 有您这样说：美国联邦调查局的公民权利倡议：任何审判，但 Please read our请阅读我们的 posting guidelines before posting发布指引，然后再发布 . 。 Alternatively或者 you can discuss this report here您可以讨论此报告在这里 . 。 Related News 相关新闻
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