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 | Translate: 翻译：               European Union summit in Brussels: The EU prepares for Obama欧洲联盟首脑会议在布鲁塞尔：欧盟准备奥巴马 Monday, November 10th, 2008 星期一， 08年11月10日 By通过 Peter Schwarz彼得施瓦茨 | On Friday, the 27 government leaders of the European Union (EU) met for a special summit in Brussels. |上周五，政府领导人27日在欧洲联盟（欧盟）举行了特别首脑会议在布鲁塞尔举行。 The invitation had been extended by French President Nicolas Sarkozy, who currently holds the presidency of the European Council.邀请已经延长了法国总统萨科齐，谁目前担任主席的欧洲理事会。 It marked the seventh summit meeting since France took over the presidency in July.它标志着第七届首脑会议，因为法国接任主席在7月。 The official aim of the meeting was to draw up a common European position for the world economic summit that is taking place next weekend in Washington.这位官员会议旨在制定一个欧洲共同的立场对世界经济首脑会议正在发生在下周末在华盛顿举行。 This gathering of the so-called G-20, comprising the old industrialised countries (the G-8) and newly industrialised countries such as China, India, Brazil and Mexico, will discuss proposals to confront the international financial crisis.本次聚会的所谓20国集团，其中包括旧的工业化国家（ 8国集团）和新兴工业化国家如中国，印度，巴西和墨西哥，将讨论建议，面对国际金融危机。 If one is to believe the host of Friday’s meeting, Sarkozy, the EU reached a common position in Brussels.如果有人认为是东道国周五的会议上，萨科齐，欧盟达成了共同立场，在布鲁塞尔举行。 “We held very comprehensive discussions, and I can say that Europe has a very detailed point of view,” he said at the end of the summit. “我们举行了非常全面的讨论，我可以说，欧洲有一个非常详细的角度看，他说： ”在年底的首脑会议。 “We will be defending a common position, a vision for restructuring our financial system.” “我们将捍卫共同的立场，理想的重组我们的金融体系。 ” However, if one examines the concrete results of the summit, it becomes clear that they do not go further than a series of vague and superficial proposals to better supervise the international financial markets.但是，如果我们研究的具体成果首脑会议，就明确表示，他们不会再进一步了一系列模糊和肤浅的建议，以更好地监督国际金融市场。 The meeting agreed on five guidelines that the Europeans will be advocating in Washington.会议商定了五项准则的欧洲人主张将在华盛顿举行。 First, the rating agencies that evaluate the credit-worthiness of financial firms should be regulated and supervised.首先，评级机构，评估信贷价值的金融企业应该加以规范和监督。 Second, accounting standards should be harmonised worldwide.第二，会计准则应该是全球统一的。 Third, all banks, funds and other financial instruments should be subject to “appropriate rules,” and this should also apply to tax havens.第三，所有的银行，基金和其他金融工具应符合“适当的规则” ，这也应适用于避税天堂。 Fourth, “codes of conduct” should be established to avoid “excessive risk-taking” in the financial sector.第四， “行为守则”应确立以避免“过度承担风险”的金融部门。 And fifth, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) should oversee these new global rules and become the “axis of a renewed international system.”第五，国际货币基金组织（ IMF ）应监督这些新的全球规则，并成为“邪恶轴心新的国际体系。 ” Precisely how the IMF should do this remains unclear.正是如何国际货币基金组织应该这样做仍不清楚。 This question caused sharp disputes in the run-up to the summit.这个问题引起的争端急剧预备会议。 French proposals for the IMF to direct international economic policy met with vigorous opposition in Germany and Britain.法国建议国际货币基金组织直接的国际经济政策会见了强烈反对，德国和英国。 Swedish Prime Minister Fredrik Reinfeldt also warned against “over-regulating our economy once again.”瑞典首相弗雷德里克赖因费尔特还警告说， “过度管制我国经济再次。 ” The German newspaper Die Welt warned that Sarkozy’s proposals would lead to the “primacy of politics in economic questions” and said they represented an attack on the “independence of the European Central Bank in monetary policy.”德国世界报报道说，萨尔科齐的建议将导致“首要的政治经济问题” ，并说他们所代表的攻击的“独立的欧洲中央银行的货币政策。 ” The same newspaper summed up the Brussels meeting with the words: “The Europeans are not exactly staking their claim to play a leading role in the building of a new world financial order from a position of strength.同样的报纸总结了布鲁塞尔会议的话： “欧洲人不完全押他们宣称发挥主导作用，建立一个新的世界金融秩序的立场力量。 The differences of opinion are still too great within the union, and are barely covered over by the newly found unity around a common negotiating position.”意见分歧仍然过大的工会，几乎涵盖由新发现的团结在一个共同的谈判立场。 “ More important than the vague proposals to regulate the financial markets was the demand of the Brussels gathering for a new world financial summit to be held in 100 days in order to formulate concrete measures following the discussion at next weekend’s meeting.更重要的含糊不清的建议规范金融市场的需求在布鲁塞尔聚会为新的世界金融峰会将在100天内，以制定具体措施，以下的讨论下个周末的会议。 By that time, the newly elected President Barack Obama will have been in office for one month.到那时，新当选的总统奥巴马将一直在办公室一个月。 The European heads of government are obviously less concerned with making agreements with the outgoing Bush administration than with determining whether the new administration is prepared to make any concessions.欧洲政府首脑，显然不太关心使协议即将离任的布什政府而不是确定是否新政府准备作出任何让步。 Even before the Washington meeting, Bush has warned against over-regulation of the international markets and called on the participants not to use the crisis “as an excuse for restricting the free market or for new commercial barriers.” In contrast, Obama after his election victory, telephoned several European leaders and promised joint action regarding the financial crisis.即使在华盛顿会议上，布什警告说，过度监管的国际市场，并呼吁与会者不要使用危机“为借口，限制自由市场或新的商业壁垒。 ”相比之下，奥巴马当选后胜利，打电话给几个欧洲国家的领导人，并承诺采取联合行动方面的财政危机。 At least this is how German government spokespersons have interpreted a 15-minute discussion between Obama and Chancellor Angela Merkel.至少，这是多么德国政府发言人解释了15分钟的讨论和奥巴马之间的默克尔。 However, the Europeans are not prepared simply to wait for the change of administrations in the US.然而，欧洲人不准备只是为了等待行政部门的变化在美国。 They are far from sure whether politics in the US will fundamentally change under Obama.他们远离政治是否在美国将从根本上改变根据奥巴马。 They are seeking to use the transition period to strengthen their own position.他们试图利用过渡期，以加强自己的地位。 Asked whether it would not be better to wait until Obama takes office on January 20, President Sarkozy responded that the economic crisis was so serious that the world “cannot wait, not even for the world’s largest economy.”当被问及这是否将不能够更好地等到奥巴马上任1月20日，萨科齐总统回答说，经济危机非常严重， “世界不能等待，甚至不能为世界最大的经济体。 ” Speculation over a new international financial order, a “Bretton Woods II,” which has been circulating in the European media for weeks must be seen in this context.猜测新的国际金融秩序的“布雷顿森林二， ”一直流传在欧洲媒体对周必须被视为在这方面。 The 1944 Bretton Woods agreement established the foundations of the post-war financial order. 1944年布雷顿森林协议建立的基础战后的金融秩序。 The agreement was based on the economic and political supremacy of the United States.该协议是基于经济和政治霸权的美国。 The present financial crisis, which began in the US, is interpreted in Europe to a large extent as signalling the end of this supremacy.目前的财政危机，它开始在美国，是在欧洲的解释在很大程度上是因为信号本月底优势。 A new financial order, it is said, must be established on a multilateral basis and take more strongly into consideration the interests of newly industrialised countries such as China, India and Brazil—and, above all, Europe.一种新的金融秩序，这是说，必须建立在多边基础上，采取更有力地考虑到利益的新兴工业化国家如中国，印度和巴西，尤其是欧洲。 Thus, the weekly Die Zeit regards the financial crisis as a “rare opportunity to reshape the global economy.” The newspaper writes in its November 6 edition: “This time an order should arise which does not simply serve the old powers of the West, but also the emerging economies in Asia, Latin America and the Gulf, and which makes it possible for the state to re-conquer some of the terrain that it abandoned to the market….因此， 模具时代周刊关于金融危机是一个“难得的机会，重塑全球经济。 ”报纸写在其11月6日版： “这一次的命令应该出现的不只是服务的旧的权力西，而且新兴经济体在亚洲，拉丁美洲和海湾地区，这使国家重新征服一些地形，它被遗弃的市场... 。 The outlines of a new world order are coming to the fore.” The article adds that states should “cooperate more closely” and that the new, global problems require “a new, global steering committee.”纲要的一个新的世界秩序正在出现。 “文章说，国家应”更密切合作“和新的，全球性问题需要”一个新的全球指导委员会。 “ The same article warns that the crisis not only offers an opportunity to shape the global economy, but also the danger that each individual country “pursues its own interests at the expense of the others.” It asks anxiously, “Which will prevail in the end?”同一篇文章警告说，危机不仅提供了一个机会，塑造全球经济，而且还危险，每个国家“追求自己的利益而牺牲了其他人。 ”这焦急地问， “哪个将在年底？ “ If one considers the facts presented by Die Zeit itself, the answer to this question is clear: The belief that a new and stable economic order will emerge from the present crisis is a pipe dream.如果认为所提出的事实模具时代本身，对这个问题的答案是明确的：相信，新的和稳定的经济秩序将摆脱目前的危机是一个梦想。 All the experiences of the twentieth century argue that the replacement of one great power by another power or group of powers—ie, the supplanting of US supremacy by a new order placing Europe and the emerging markets on an equal footing, as Die Zeit proposes—cannot proceed peacefully.所有的经验，在二十世纪争辩说，更换一个伟大的权力的另一个权力或团体的权力，即取代美国霸权的一个新秩序放在欧洲和新兴市场在平等的基础上，作为模具的时代提出，不能进行和平。 The faint-hearted proposal of the Brussels summit to eliminate some of the worst speculative excrescences from the international financial markets comes at a time when the crisis has already spread into the real economy.在微弱的心提议在布鲁塞尔首脑会议，以消除一些最严重的投机excrescences从国际金融市场正值危机已经蔓延到实际经济。 According to the IMF, the entire world economy is sinking into a recession for the first time since the Second World War.据国际货币基金组织，整个世界经济陷入衰退以来的第一次第二次世界大战。 However, when the survival of whole branches of industry and financial interests in the hundreds of billions of dollars are at stake, there cannot be any peaceful agreement between rival capitalist states.然而，当生存的整个工业部门和财政利益的数千亿美元受到威胁时，就不会有任何和平协议的竞争对手之间的资本主义国家。 As far as hopes in Obama are concerned, in the few days since his election he has left no doubt that he is committed to defending the most powerful financial and economic interests in the US.至于希望寄托在奥巴马而言，在几天自当选以来，他已经离开毫无疑问，他是致力于捍卫最强大的金融和经济利益在美国。 He has surrounded himself with advisors who come from the same circles that have ruled the US for decades.他已经包围他的顾问谁来自同一人士认为，已排除美国几十年。 Europe itself is torn by conflicts. Die Zeit describes some of the disputes raging in the run-up to the Washington summit.欧洲本身是饱受冲突。 模特介绍一些争端肆虐之前的华盛顿首脑会议。 “Already it appears that some states could break away in order to secure an advantage for themselves,” the newspaper writes. “目前看来，一些国家可以打破，以确保自己的优势， ”该报写道。 Britain is suspected of favouring a bigger role for the IMF “because the country enjoys much influence in it and because the financial services industry is particularly important for the country.” Die Zeit quotes an insider who said: “They’re only concerned about protecting the City of London.”英国是涉嫌有利于发挥更大的作用货币基金组织“ ，因为该国享有很大的影响力，因为它和金融服务行业特别重要的是国家。 ” 模具时代引号内幕谁说： “他们只关心保护伦敦金融城的。 “ The newspaper sums up the situation in the European Union in the following way: “The EU states are clear that they can have international weight only if they come to an agreement.该报总结了局势，欧洲联盟的方式如下： “欧盟国家明确表示，他们可以有国际重量只有当他们来到一项协议。 But because Germany fears for its own influence, and France has, for a long time, produced only populist proposals, there is great resistance to any institutionalisation of collaboration.”但是，由于担心德国对自己的影响力，法国，很长一段时间，只产生民粹主义的建议，有很大的阻力任何制度化的合作。 “ Have Your Say: European Union summit in Brussels: The EU prepares for Obama 你说：欧洲联盟首脑会议在布鲁塞尔：欧盟准备奥巴马 Please read our请仔细阅读我们的 posting guidelines before posting张贴在发布前的指导方针 . 。 Alternatively或者 you can discuss this report here你可以讨论这份报告在这里 . 。 Related News 相关新闻
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