Bush Seeks to Affirm a Continuing War on Terror布什的目的，肯定持續反恐戰爭
By通過 ERIC LICHTBLAU 埃里克利希特布勞 | WASHINGTON — Tucked deep into a recent proposal from the Bush administration is a provision that has received almost no public attention, yet in many ways captures one of President Bush’s defining legacies: an affirmation that the United States is still at war with |華盛頓-藏，深入到一最近提出的建議，從布什政府是一項條文，已收到幾乎沒有公眾的注意力，然而，在許多方面捕捉之一，布什總統的界定遺產：一誓詞說，美國仍處於戰爭與 Al Qaeda 蓋達組織 . 。
Seven years after the Sept. 11 attacks, Mr. Bush’s advisers assert that many Americans may have forgotten that.七年後， 9月11日的攻擊，布什的顧問們斷言，許多美國人可能忘記了這一點。 So they want Congress to say so and “acknowledge again and explicitly that this nation remains engaged in an armed conflict with Al Qaeda, the因此，他們希望美國國會這麼說， “承認再次明確表示，這個國家仍然從事在武裝衝突中與蓋達組織， Taliban 塔利班 , and associated organizations, who have already proclaimed themselves at war with us and who are dedicated to the slaughter of Americans.” ，以及相關的組織，誰已經宣布自己在戰爭與我們誰是專門用來屠宰的美國人“ 。
The language, part of a proposal for hearing legal appeals from detainees at the United States naval base at語文，一項建議的一部分，為聽證會的法律上訴，被拘留在美國的海軍基地 Guantánamo Bay 關塔那摩灣 , Cuba, goes beyond political symbolism. ，古巴，超越政治的象徵意義。 Echoing a measure that Congress passed just days after the Sept. 11 attacks, it carries significant legal and public policy implications for Mr. Bush, and potentially his successor, to claim the imprimatur of Congress to use the tools of war, including detention, interrogation and surveillance, against the enemy, legal and political analysts say.相呼應的一項措施，國會通過的只是天之後， 9月11日的攻擊，進行重要的法律和公共政策的影響，為布什先生，而且可能他的繼任者，聲稱imprimatur國會的使用戰爭工具，包括拘留，審問和監視，打擊敵人，法律和政治分析家說。
Some lawmakers are concerned that the administration’s effort to declare anew a war footing is an 11th-hour maneuver to re-establish its broad interpretation of the president’s wartime powers, even in the face of challenges from the一些國會議員擔心政府當局的努力，重新申報的基礎上一場戰爭是一個11小時的演習，以重新建立其廣義的解釋總統的戰時權力，即使在面對挑戰，從 Supreme Court 最高法院 and Congress.和國會。
The proposal is also the latest step that the administration, in its waning months, has taken to make permanent important aspects of its “long war” against terrorism.這項建議亦是最新的一步，認為政府在其減弱個月內，已採取作出永久性的重要方面，其“長期戰爭” ，打擊恐怖主義。 From a new wiretapping law approved by Congress to a rewriting of intelligence procedures and從一個新的竊聽法由國會批准的一項重寫情報的程序和 FBI 美國聯邦調查局 investigative techniques, the administration is moving to institutionalize by law, regulation or order a wide variety of antiterrorism tactics.偵查技術，政府正朝著制度化，由法律，法規或命令，各式各樣的反恐策略。
“This seems like a final push by the administration before they go out the door,” said Suzanne Spaulding, a former lawyer for the “這似乎就像一個最後推動由政府之前，他們走出去的大門，說： ”蘇珊斯波爾丁，一名前律師為 Central Intelligence Agency 中央情報部 and an expert on national security law.和專家就國家安全法。 The cumulative effect of the actions, Ms. Spaulding said, is to “put the onus on the next administration” — particularly a累積效應的行動，女士斯波爾丁說，是“把舉證責任就下屆政府” -特別是一 Barack Obama 巴拉克奧巴馬 administration — to justify undoing what Mr. Bush has done.政府當局-理由是什麼打倒布什先生做了。
It is uncertain whether Congress will take the administration up on its request.這是未知數國會將採取行動，政府當局就其要求。 Some Republicans have already embraced the idea, with Representative一些共和黨人已經接受了這一想法，與代表 Lamar Smith 拉馬爾史密斯 of Texas, the ranking Republican on the Judiciary Committee, introducing a measure almost identical to the administration’s proposal.得克薩斯州州長，共和黨高層對司法委員會主席，引進的一項措施幾乎相同，以政府當局的建議。 “Since 9/11,” Mr. Smith said, “we have been at war with an unconventional enemy whose primary goal is to kill innocent Americans.” “自從9 / 11 ， ”史密斯先生說： “我們已在戰爭與非傳統的敵人，其主要目標是要殺害無辜的美國人” 。
In the midst of an election season, the language represents a political challenge of sorts to the administration’s critics.在中選舉季節，語言所代表的政治挑戰，各種向政府當局的批評。 While many Democrats say they are wary of Mr. Bush’s claims to presidential power, they may be even more nervous about casting a vote against a measure that affirms the country’s war against terrorism.而許多民主黨人說，他們擔心布什先生的索賠，以總統權力，他們可能會更緊張鑄造投票反對一項措施申明，該國的反對恐怖主義的戰爭。 They see the administration’s effort to force the issue as little more than a political ploy.他們看到政府的努力，迫使問題略多於一個政治伎倆。
Mr. Bush “is trying to stir up again the politics of fear by reminding people of something they haven’t really forgotten: that we are engaged in serious armed conflict with Al Qaeda,” said布什先生“正試圖挑起再次的政治恐懼，提醒人的東西，他們並沒有真的忘記：我們所從事的在嚴重的武裝衝突與蓋達組織說， ” Laurence H. Tribe 勞倫斯每小時部落 , a constitutional scholar at Harvard and legal adviser to Mr. Obama. ，一個憲法學者，在哈佛大學和法律顧問先生奧巴馬。 “But the question is, Where is that conflict to be waged, and by what means.” “但問題是，那裡是衝突的發起，並以何種手段” 。
With violence rising in Afghanistan and與暴力的上升，在阿富汗和 Osama bin Laden 拉登 still at large, there are ample signs of the United States’ continued battles with terrorism.仍然在逃，有充足的跡象，美國繼續與恐怖主義作戰。 But Mr. Bush and his advisers say that seven years without an attack has lulled many Americans.但布什先生和他的顧問說，七年無一攻擊lulled許多美國人。
“As Sept. 11, 2001, recedes into the past, there are some people who have come to think of it as kind of a singular event and of there being nothing else out there,” Attorney General “作為2001年9月11日，消退到過去，有一些人誰來認為這是種奇異的事件，以及有沒有其他有， ”總檢察長 Michael B. Mukasey 邁克爾乙mukasey told House lawmakers in July.國會議員說，眾議院在7月。 “In a way, we are the victims of our own success, our own success being that another attack has been prevented.” “在某種程度上，我們是受害者，我們自己的成功，我們自己的成功，被認為另一次攻擊被阻止” 。
Mr. Mukasey laid out the administration’s thinking in a July 21 speech to a conservative Washington policy institute in response to yet another rebuke on presidential powers by the Supreme Court: its ruling that prisoners at Guantánamo Bay , were entitled to先生mukasey了政府當局的想法，在7月21日的講話是一個保守的華盛頓政策研究所在回應的又一指責對總統的權力由最高法院：其裁決，認為囚犯在關塔那摩灣，都有權 habeas corpus 人身保護令 rights to contest their detentions in court.競賽的權利，他們拘留在法庭上。
The administration wants Congress to set out a narrow framework for those prisoner appeals.當局希望美國國會訂定了一個狹窄的框架，對於那些囚犯的上訴。 But the administration’s six-point proposal goes further.但政府的6點建議，更進一步。 It includes not only the broad proclamation of a continued “armed conflict with Al Qaeda,” but also the desire for Congress to “reaffirm that for the duration of the conflict the United States may detain as enemy combatants those who have engaged in hostilities or purposefully supported Al Qaeda, the Taliban and associated organizations.”它不僅包括廣大宣布繼續“武裝衝突與蓋達組織” ，但也渴望國會“重申，為的時間衝突，美國可能扣留被當作是敵方作戰那些誰從事敵對行動或故意支持基地組織，塔利班和相關組織“ 。
That broad language hints at why Democrats, and some Republicans, worry about the consequences.廣泛的語言暗示，為什麼民主黨人和一些共和黨人擔心的後果。 It could, they say, provide the legal framework for Mr. Bush and his successor to assert once again the president’s broad interpretation of the commander in chief’s wartime powers, powers that Justice Department lawyers secretly used to justify the indefinite detention of terrorist suspects and the它可以，他們說，訂定法律架構，布什先生和他的繼任人斷言，再次總統的廣義的解釋指揮官在行政的戰時權力，權力，司法部律師秘密使用的理由無限期拘留恐怖嫌犯和 National Security Agency 國家安全局 ’s wiretapping of Americans without court orders. '竊聽的美國人沒有法院的命令。
The language recalls a resolution, known as the Authorization for Use of Military Force, passed by Congress on Sept. 14, 2001.語言回顧了一項決議，被稱為授權使用武力，美國國會通過對2001年9月14日。 It authorized the president to “use all necessary and appropriate force” against those responsible for the Sept. 11 attacks to prevent future strikes.它授權總統“使用一切必要和適當的武力” ，對那些負責為九月十一日的攻擊，以防止日後的罷工。 That authorization, still in effect, was initially viewed by many members of Congress who voted for it as the go-ahead for the administration to invade Afghanistan and overthrow the Taliban, which had given sanctuary to Mr. bin Laden.這種授權，依然有效的，最初認為，許多國會議員，誰贊成把它作為去進取，政府當局入侵阿富汗推翻塔利班，其中已給予庇護本拉丹先生。
But the military authorization became the secret legal basis for some of the administration’s most controversial legal tactics, including the wiretapping program, and that still gnaws at some members of Congress.不過，軍事授權，成為秘密的法律依據，一些政府當局的最具爭議性的法律手段，包括竊聽的計劃，並且仍然gnaws在一些美國國會議員。
Senator參議員 Arlen Specter 斯佩克特 of Pennsylvania, the ranking Republican on the Judiciary Committee, said he wanted to make sure the Bush administration — or a future president — did not use that declaration as “another far-fetched interpretation” to evade the law, the way he believes Mr. Bush and aides like賓夕法尼亞州，共和黨高層對司法委員會表示，他希望確保布什政府-或未來的總統-沒有使用該宣言作為“另一種十分牽強的解釋”，以逃避法律的方式，他認為先生布什和助手們一樣， Alberto R. Gonzales 阿爾貝托岡薩雷斯r. , the former attorney general, did in using the wiretapping program to avoid the ，前總檢察長，並在使用的竊聽計劃，以避免 Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act 外國情報監督法案 . 。
“I don’t want to face another situation where we had the Sept. 14 resolution and then Attorney General Gonzales claimed that that was authorization to violate FISA,” Mr. Specter said. “我不想面對的另一個情況下，我們有9月14日的決議，然後總檢察長岡薩雷斯聲稱，這是授權，違反參賽指南， ”幽靈先生說。
For Bush critics like Bruce Fein, a Justice Department official in the Reagan administration, the answer is simple: do not give the administration the wartime language it seeks.對於布什的批評者一樣，布魯斯芬黨，司法部官員在裡根政府，答案很簡單：不要讓政府戰時的語言，它的目的。
“I do not believe that we are in a state of war whatsoever,” Mr. Fein said. “我不相信我們正處在一個國家的戰爭的話， ”先生芬黨說。 “We have an odious opponent that the criminal justice system is able to identify and indict and convict. “我們有一個可惡的對手，刑事司法系統是能夠識別和起訴和定罪。 They’re not a goliath.他們還不是巨人。 Don’t treat them that way.”不對待他們，這樣做“ 。
Have Your Say: Bush Seeks to Affirm a Continuing War on Terror 你說：布什的目的，肯定持續反恐戰爭
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