Bush Seeks to Affirm a Continuing War on Terror布什的目的，肯定持续反恐战争
By通过 ERIC LICHTBLAU 埃里克利希特布劳 | WASHINGTON — Tucked deep into a recent proposal from the Bush administration is a provision that has received almost no public attention, yet in many ways captures one of President Bush’s defining legacies: an affirmation that the United States is still at war with |华盛顿-藏，深入到一最近提出的建议，从布什政府是一项条文，已收到几乎没有公众的注意力，然而，在许多方面捕捉之一，布什总统的界定遗产：一誓词说，美国仍处于战争与 Al Qaeda 盖达组织 . 。
Seven years after the Sept. 11 attacks, Mr. Bush’s advisers assert that many Americans may have forgotten that.七年后， 9月11日的攻击，布什的顾问们断言，许多美国人可能忘记了这一点。 So they want Congress to say so and “acknowledge again and explicitly that this nation remains engaged in an armed conflict with Al Qaeda, the因此，他们希望美国国会这么说， “承认再次明确表示，这个国家仍然从事在武装冲突中与盖达组织， Taliban 塔利班 , and associated organizations, who have already proclaimed themselves at war with us and who are dedicated to the slaughter of Americans.” ，以及相关的组织，谁已经宣布自己在战争与我们谁是专门用来屠宰的美国人“ 。
The language, part of a proposal for hearing legal appeals from detainees at the United States naval base at语文，一项建议的一部分，为听证会的法律上诉，被拘留在美国的海军基地 Guantánamo Bay 关塔那摩湾 , Cuba, goes beyond political symbolism. ，古巴，超越政治的象征意义。 Echoing a measure that Congress passed just days after the Sept. 11 attacks, it carries significant legal and public policy implications for Mr. Bush, and potentially his successor, to claim the imprimatur of Congress to use the tools of war, including detention, interrogation and surveillance, against the enemy, legal and political analysts say.相呼应的一项措施，国会通过的只是天之后， 9月11日的攻击，进行重要的法律和公共政策的影响，为布什先生，而且可能他的继任者，声称imprimatur国会的使用战争工具，包括拘留，审问和监视，打击敌人，法律和政治分析家说。
Some lawmakers are concerned that the administration’s effort to declare anew a war footing is an 11th-hour maneuver to re-establish its broad interpretation of the president’s wartime powers, even in the face of challenges from the一些国会议员担心政府当局的努力，重新申报的基础上一场战争是一个11小时的演习，以重新建立其广义的解释总统的战时权力，即使在面对挑战，从 Supreme Court 最高法院 and Congress.和国会。
The proposal is also the latest step that the administration, in its waning months, has taken to make permanent important aspects of its “long war” against terrorism.这项建议亦是最新的一步，认为政府在其减弱个月内，已采取作出永久性的重要方面，其“长期战争” ，打击恐怖主义。 From a new wiretapping law approved by Congress to a rewriting of intelligence procedures and从一个新的窃听法由国会批准的一项重写情报的程序和 FBI 美国联邦调查局 investigative techniques, the administration is moving to institutionalize by law, regulation or order a wide variety of antiterrorism tactics.侦查技术，政府正朝着制度化，由法律，法规或命令，各式各样的反恐策略。
“This seems like a final push by the administration before they go out the door,” said Suzanne Spaulding, a former lawyer for the “这似乎就像一个最后推动由政府之前，他们走出去的大门，说： ”苏珊斯波尔丁，一名前律师为 Central Intelligence Agency 中央情报部 and an expert on national security law.和专家就国家安全法。 The cumulative effect of the actions, Ms. Spaulding said, is to “put the onus on the next administration” — particularly a累积效应的行动，女士斯波尔丁说，是“把举证责任就下届政府” -特别是一 Barack Obama 巴拉克奥巴马 administration — to justify undoing what Mr. Bush has done.政府当局-理由是什么打倒布什先生做了。
It is uncertain whether Congress will take the administration up on its request.这是未知数国会将采取行动，政府当局就其要求。 Some Republicans have already embraced the idea, with Representative一些共和党人已经接受了这一想法，与代表 Lamar Smith 拉马尔史密斯 of Texas, the ranking Republican on the Judiciary Committee, introducing a measure almost identical to the administration’s proposal.得克萨斯州州长，共和党高层对司法委员会主席，引进的一项措施几乎相同，以政府当局的建议。 “Since 9/11,” Mr. Smith said, “we have been at war with an unconventional enemy whose primary goal is to kill innocent Americans.” “自从9 / 11 ， ”史密斯先生说： “我们已在战争与非传统的敌人，其主要目标是要杀害无辜的美国人” 。
In the midst of an election season, the language represents a political challenge of sorts to the administration’s critics.在中选举季节，语言所代表的政治挑战，各种向政府当局的批评。 While many Democrats say they are wary of Mr. Bush’s claims to presidential power, they may be even more nervous about casting a vote against a measure that affirms the country’s war against terrorism.而许多民主党人说，他们担心布什先生的索赔，以总统权力，他们可能会更紧张铸造投票反对一项措施申明，该国的反对恐怖主义的战争。 They see the administration’s effort to force the issue as little more than a political ploy.他们看到政府的努力，迫使问题略多于一个政治伎俩。
Mr. Bush “is trying to stir up again the politics of fear by reminding people of something they haven’t really forgotten: that we are engaged in serious armed conflict with Al Qaeda,” said布什先生“正试图挑起再次的政治恐惧，提醒人的东西，他们并没有真的忘记：我们所从事的在严重的武装冲突与盖达组织说， ” Laurence H. Tribe 劳伦斯每小时部落 , a constitutional scholar at Harvard and legal adviser to Mr. Obama. ，一个宪法学者，在哈佛大学和法律顾问先生奥巴马。 “But the question is, Where is that conflict to be waged, and by what means.” “但问题是，那里是冲突的发起，并以何种手段” 。
With violence rising in Afghanistan and与暴力的上升，在阿富汗和 Osama bin Laden 拉登 still at large, there are ample signs of the United States’ continued battles with terrorism.仍然在逃，有充足的迹象，美国继续与恐怖主义作战。 But Mr. Bush and his advisers say that seven years without an attack has lulled many Americans.但布什先生和他的顾问说，七年无一攻击lulled许多美国人。
“As Sept. 11, 2001, recedes into the past, there are some people who have come to think of it as kind of a singular event and of there being nothing else out there,” Attorney General “作为2001年9月11日，消退到过去，有一些人谁来认为这是种奇异的事件，以及有没有其他有， ”总检察长 Michael B. Mukasey 迈克尔乙mukasey told House lawmakers in July.国会议员说，众议院在7月。 “In a way, we are the victims of our own success, our own success being that another attack has been prevented.” “在某种程度上，我们是受害者，我们自己的成功，我们自己的成功，被认为另一次攻击被阻止” 。
Mr. Mukasey laid out the administration’s thinking in a July 21 speech to a conservative Washington policy institute in response to yet another rebuke on presidential powers by the Supreme Court: its ruling that prisoners at Guantánamo Bay , were entitled to先生mukasey了政府当局的想法，在7月21日的讲话是一个保守的华盛顿政策研究所在回应的又一指责对总统的权力由最高法院：其裁决，认为囚犯在关塔那摩湾，都有权 habeas corpus 人身保护令 rights to contest their detentions in court.竞赛的权利，他们拘留在法庭上。
The administration wants Congress to set out a narrow framework for those prisoner appeals.当局希望美国国会订定了一个狭窄的框架，对于那些囚犯的上诉。 But the administration’s six-point proposal goes further.但政府的6点建议，更进一步。 It includes not only the broad proclamation of a continued “armed conflict with Al Qaeda,” but also the desire for Congress to “reaffirm that for the duration of the conflict the United States may detain as enemy combatants those who have engaged in hostilities or purposefully supported Al Qaeda, the Taliban and associated organizations.”它不仅包括广大宣布继续“武装冲突与盖达组织” ，但也渴望国会“重申，为的时间冲突，美国可能扣留被当作是敌方作战那些谁从事敌对行动或故意支持基地组织，塔利班和相关组织“ 。
That broad language hints at why Democrats, and some Republicans, worry about the consequences.广泛的语言暗示，为什么民主党人和一些共和党人担心的后果。 It could, they say, provide the legal framework for Mr. Bush and his successor to assert once again the president’s broad interpretation of the commander in chief’s wartime powers, powers that Justice Department lawyers secretly used to justify the indefinite detention of terrorist suspects and the它可以，他们说，订定法律架构，布什先生和他的继任人断言，再次总统的广义的解释指挥官在行政的战时权力，权力，司法部律师秘密使用的理由无限期拘留恐怖嫌犯和 National Security Agency 国家安全局 ’s wiretapping of Americans without court orders. '窃听的美国人没有法院的命令。
The language recalls a resolution, known as the Authorization for Use of Military Force, passed by Congress on Sept. 14, 2001.语言回顾了一项决议，被称为授权使用武力，美国国会通过对2001年9月14日。 It authorized the president to “use all necessary and appropriate force” against those responsible for the Sept. 11 attacks to prevent future strikes.它授权总统“使用一切必要和适当的武力” ，对那些负责为九月十一日的攻击，以防止日后的罢工。 That authorization, still in effect, was initially viewed by many members of Congress who voted for it as the go-ahead for the administration to invade Afghanistan and overthrow the Taliban, which had given sanctuary to Mr. bin Laden.这种授权，依然有效的，最初认为，许多国会议员，谁赞成把它作为去进取，政府当局入侵阿富汗推翻塔利班，其中已给予庇护本拉丹先生。
But the military authorization became the secret legal basis for some of the administration’s most controversial legal tactics, including the wiretapping program, and that still gnaws at some members of Congress.不过，军事授权，成为秘密的法律依据，一些政府当局的最具争议性的法律手段，包括窃听的计划，并且仍然gnaws在一些美国国会议员。
Senator参议员 Arlen Specter 斯佩克特 of Pennsylvania, the ranking Republican on the Judiciary Committee, said he wanted to make sure the Bush administration — or a future president — did not use that declaration as “another far-fetched interpretation” to evade the law, the way he believes Mr. Bush and aides like宾夕法尼亚州，共和党高层对司法委员会表示，他希望确保布什政府-或未来的总统-没有使用该宣言作为“另一种十分牵强的解释”，以逃避法律的方式，他认为先生布什和助手们一样， Alberto R. Gonzales 阿尔贝托冈萨雷斯r. , the former attorney general, did in using the wiretapping program to avoid the ，前总检察长，并在使用的窃听计划，以避免 Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act 外国情报监督法案 . 。
“I don’t want to face another situation where we had the Sept. 14 resolution and then Attorney General Gonzales claimed that that was authorization to violate FISA,” Mr. Specter said. “我不想面对的另一个情况下，我们有9月14日的决议，然后总检察长冈萨雷斯声称，这是授权，违反参赛指南， ”幽灵先生说。
For Bush critics like Bruce Fein, a Justice Department official in the Reagan administration, the answer is simple: do not give the administration the wartime language it seeks.对于布什的批评者一样，布鲁斯芬党，司法部官员在里根政府，答案很简单：不要让政府战时的语言，它的目的。
“I do not believe that we are in a state of war whatsoever,” Mr. Fein said. “我不相信我们正处在一个国家的战争的话， ”先生芬党说。 “We have an odious opponent that the criminal justice system is able to identify and indict and convict. “我们有一个可恶的对手，刑事司法系统是能够识别和起诉和定罪。 They’re not a goliath.他们还不是巨人。 Don’t treat them that way.”不对待他们，这样做“ 。
Have Your Say: Bush Seeks to Affirm a Continuing War on Terror 你说：布什的目的，肯定持续反恐战争
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