Saturday, April 26th, 2008 周六， 2008年4月26日 
By Sherwood Ross |作者： Sherwood罗斯|
President George W. Bush has transformed an open federal government in Washington into one of “pervasive secrecy,” a distinguished authority on communications and First Amendment rights says.美国总统布什已转化为一个开放的美国联邦政府在华盛顿成为一个“无孔不入的秘密， ”一位杰出的权威，就通信和第一修正案的权利说。
Since his inauguration, Bush has overseen changes that suggest “a dramatic growth of government secrecy, far beyond the secrecy occurring during the Clinton Administration,” writes Susan Dente Ross,(no relation) an Associate Professor in the Edward R. Murrow School of Communication at Washington State University at Pullman.由于他的就职典礼，布什监督的变化表明， “急剧增长，政府的保密，远远超出了保密发生在克林顿政府时期， ”写苏珊dente罗斯， （没有关系） ，副教授，在晚安，好运学校的沟通在华盛顿州立大学在普尔曼。
“Through executive agency opinions, executive orders, statutory changes, and aggressive litigation, the Bush Administration has effectively limited the power of FOIA(Freedom of Information Act) and reversed the presumption that government records should be available to the public absent demonstrable proof showing that secrecy is needed,” Ross writes in The Long Term View, a journal of opinion published by the Massachusetts School of Law at Andover. “通过执行机构的意见，行政命令，法定的变化，和咄咄逼人的诉讼，布什政府已经有效地限制权力foia （资讯自由法）和扭转推定，就是政府的纪录，应该向公众提供缺席证明的证据显示，保密是必要的， “罗斯写在长远来看，期刊的意见，所发表的马萨诸塞州法律学院的在andover 。
“The administration’s sweeping expansion of the power of federal government to classify records, and so hide them from public view, increases the range of information that may be classified and extends the lifetime of such secrecy,” Ross says. “政府的清扫扩大的权力，联邦政府的分类记录，所以隐藏他们从公众视野，增加了一系列的资料，可能被归类和延长寿命，如保密， ”罗斯说。 She noted that:她指出：
# Bush has increased the number of federal agencies authorized to designate information as secret and exempt them from public disclosure. ＃布什人数增加联邦机构授权指定的信息作为秘密和豁免他们向公众披露。
# The Department of Homeland Security removed the agency’s entire classification of information process from public scrutiny. ＃国土安全部取消该机构的整个分类信息的过程中，从公众的监察。 The secretaries’ of Health and Human Services and Agriculture and the administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, have been granted the right to classify information “for purposes of national security and national defense.”书记'健康与人类服务和农业的管理员环境保护局，已获准有权分类信息“为目的的国家安全和国防” 。
# The Defense Department has adopted a new policy that imposes strict limits on discussion of all its “critical research” from the “idea phase” onward. ＃防御署已通过了一项新的政策，实行严格的限制，讨论其所有“关键的研究”从“的构想阶段”前进。
# Bush has placed his own papers, and those of his father, the former president, “outside the public eye and empowered himself to keep Congress in the dark about intelligence matters. ＃布什放在他自己的论文，和他的父亲，前总统， “以外的公众视线，并有权自己保持国会在黑暗中有关情报的事宜。
# Bush has increased the authority of the Central Intelligence Agency to empower its director to block declassification of CIA information unless disclosure is authorized by the president. ＃布什增加了党中央的权威情报机构，授权其主任座解密的美国中央情报局的资料披露，除非是授权由总统。
# Bush has extended time that information can be kept classified from 10 to 25 years and this period may be extended even longer. ＃布什已延长时间的资料，可以保持机密，从10至25年，这期间可能会延长，甚至更长的时间。
“Blanket closures of INS(Immigration and Naturalization Service) proceedings and absolute gags on disclosure of related information eviscerate the time-honored constitutional protection of open public trials,” Ross writes. “一刀切关闭的INS （移民和归化局）诉讼和绝对gags关于相关信息的披露eviscerate的时间悠久的宪法保护的公开审判， ”罗斯写道。
She noted the federal government “arrested and refused to identify hundreds of aliens who either may be connected to terrorism as material witnesses or who may have visa or other INS infractions.”她指出，美国联邦政府“被捕，并拒绝以确定数以百计的外国人无论是谁，可连接到恐怖主义作为材料的证人或谁可能有签证或其他程式的违规行为” 。
An INS directive issued promptly after September 11, 2001, mandated absolute closure of all deportation hearings in cases the agency determined to be of “special interest” to the war on terrorism, Ross said. 1程式指令发出后，及时将2001年9月11日，已获授权的绝对关闭所有递解出境的听证会在情况下，工程处被确定为“特殊利益”的反恐战争， Ross说。
The INS judges could gag aliens from disclosing anything learned in closed proceedings and an INS regulation requires states and localities housing federal detainees to withhold all information about them.移民局法官可以的gag外国人披露任何据悉，在封闭的法律程序和移民局规例规定国家和地方的房屋联邦拘留扣压所有关于他们的信息。
Ross noted, though, a US Court of Appeals judge struck down the INS closures and a US District Court Judge in Washington ordered the Justice Department to disclose the names of more than 1,100 non-US citizens detained at some point in connection with terrorism.罗斯指出，虽然，美国一个上诉法院法官推翻移民局的封锁和美国联邦地方法院法官在华盛顿下令司法部透露姓名的1100多非美国公民被拘留在一些点，他们涉嫌与恐怖主义。
Ross asserts, “Legislation championed as essential to protect the nation against terrorist threats allows the federal government to spy on its citizens, to detain them in secret without charges, to prosecute them based on secret evidence, and to prohibit parties to the trial from discussing related information.”罗斯声称， “立法倡导的作为，必须保护国家免受恐怖主义的威胁，允许联邦政府间谍就其公民，扣留他们在秘密未经起诉，起诉他们基于秘密的证据，并禁止当事人向审判讨论相关信息“ 。
Ross writes the merest perusal of some Bush initiatives shows it has reversed the presumption of open government: “Although the now prevailing presumption of closed government is masked in subtle nuances of language and interpretive guidelines, we may liken the shift to the sea change that would occur in our criminal justice system if we moved from a presumption of innocent until proven guilty to an assumption of guilty until proven innocent.”罗斯写入merest阅读一些布什的举措表明，它已扭转了推定开放的政府： “虽然目前普遍存在的推定封闭，政府是蒙面在微妙的细微差别的语言和解释性的指引，我们可以比喻转移到海上的变化会发生在我们的刑事司法系统中，如果我们从一个推定无辜被证明有罪之前，以一个假设有罪，直至证明无辜的“ 。
Granting the Bush administration has imposed its sweeping secrecy policies in the name of national security, Ross contends this exchange is “unacceptable.”给予布什政府施加其笼统的保密政策，在名称，国家安全，罗斯争辩这种交流是“不可接受的” 。
“The trade-off, secrecy for security, is a sham,” she writes. “贸易小康，保密安全，是一个深水， ”她写道。 “The citizenry gives up its vital check on abuse of government power and gains little in return.”“A shadow government that operates in secrecy,” Ross continues, “does not advance the security of its citizens. “公民放弃其重要的检查对滥用政府权力和收获很少的回报。 ” ， “影子政府运作，在保密的， ”罗斯继续“ ，不推动其公民的安全。 Ignorance is not security.无知是不是安全。 Safety is not increased when citizens are blinded by government deception and distortion.安全是没有增加时，公民是利欲熏心的政府欺骗和歪曲事实。 Government does not better serve its electorate when it operates with impunity.”政府不提供更好的服务，其选民时，它的运作与有罪不罚的现象“ 。
The Massachusetts School of Law, publishers of the Long Term View, is purposefully dedicated to the education of minorities, immigrants, and students from low- and middle-income backgrounds that would otherwise be unable to attend law school and enter the legal profession.麻省理工学院的规定，出版商长远来看，是有针对性地奉献给教育，少数民族，移民，和学生从低收入和中等收入的背景，否则无法出席法学院和进入法律界的意见。 Views expressed in the publication are not necessarily those of the law school.所表达的意见，出版不一定是那些法学院。
(Sherwood Ross, media consultant to Massachusetts School of Law. Reach him at sherwoodr1@yahoo.com ) （舍伍德罗斯，媒体顾问马萨诸塞州法律学院。达到他在sherwoodr1@yahoo.com ）
Sherwood Ross has worked as a publicist for the City of Chicago and Nassau County, NY, governments; as a news director for the National Urban League; as a reporter for the Chicago Daily News; as a workplace columnist for Reuters; as a media consultant to colleges, universities, law schools and more than 100 national magazines including The New Yorker, The Atlantic, Business Week, and Foreign Policy; as a speechwriter for mayors, governors and presidential candidates, and as a radio news reporter and talk show host at WOL, Washington, DC He holds an award for “best spot news coverage” for Chicago radio stations in 1963.舍伍德罗斯工作作为一个公关为芝加哥市和拿骚县，纽约州，各国政府;作为一个新闻主任为全国城市联盟;作为一个记者，芝加哥每日新闻报;视为一个工作场所的专栏作家路透社;作为一个媒体顾问到高校，法律学校和100多个国家的杂志包括新的纽约客，大西洋，商业周刊，和外交政策;作为一个发言稿为市长，省长和总统候选人，并作为一个电台记者和谈话节目主持人在wol ，华盛顿哥伦比亚特区，他认为，一奖“最佳现场新闻报道的”芝加哥电台于1963年。 His degree from the University of Miami was in race relations and he has written a book, “Gruening of Alaska,” a number of national magazine articles and several plays, including “Baron Jiro,” produced at Live Arts Theatre, Charlottesville, Va., and “Yamamoto’s Decision,” read at the National Press Club, where he is a member.他的程度，从迈阿密大学是在种族关系，他写了一本书， “宁船长阿拉斯加， ”一些国家的杂志文章和几个剧本，包括“白头次郎” ，生产生活艺术剧院，夏洛茨维尔，弗吉尼亚州，和“山本的决定， ”阅读在全国记者俱乐部，在那里他是一个会员。 His favorite quotations are from the Sermon on The Mount.他最喜爱的报价是从山上宝训。
See More: 看到更多的： Bush 布什 USA News 美国新闻 Have Your Say: Bush Secrecy Policies Transforming US Government 你说：布什的保密政策转变，美国政府 Please note, only selected comments will be published.请注意，只有选定的评论将出版。 Or discuss this report in our new forums 或讨论这个报告在我们的新论坛 RSS 的RSS TrackBack URL 跟踪 RUI
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Here’s one Bush can ponder over:这里的一，布什可以思考：
VETERANS LAUNCH NATIONAL EDUCATION EFFORT ON ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION退伍军人开展国民教育的努力，对非法入境者
INDIANAPOLIS (April 28, 2008) – Crime, terrorism and dependency on scarce government dollars are some of the major reasons why the nation’s largest veterans organization is concerned about illegal immigration.印第安纳波利斯（ 2008年4月28日） -犯罪，恐怖主义和依赖于稀缺的美元是政府的一些主要的原因，全美最大的退伍军人组织是关心非法入境者。 So concerned, in fact, that The American Legion today began a nationwide outreach to alert Americans to the dangers posed by illegal aliens and the government’s reluctance to seriously address the issue.这么关注，其实，认为美国军团今天开始在全国范围内推广，以提醒美国人构成的危险，非法居留的外国人，以及政府的不情愿，认真解决这一问题。
“American Legion members have served in the US Armed Forces throughout the world so that Americans can feel safe at home,” said Marty Conatser, national commander. “美国军团的成员都曾任职于美国武装部队的整个世界，使美国人能够安心在家里，说： ”马蒂conatser ，国家指挥官。 “We have seen Third World countries. “我们所看到的第三世界国家。 We have seen poverty, political instability, disease and war.我们所看到的贫穷，政治不稳定，疾病和战争。 Today we see the threat that open borders present to our homeland.今天我们看到的威胁，开放边界，目前我们的家园。
“With more than 14,000 posts and 2.7 million members, I am asking Legionnaires everywhere to start the national dialogue that needs to happen now,” Conatser said. “以上的14000个职位和270万成员，我问的军团，到处开始的全国对话的需要，出现现在， ” conatser说。 “As a nation at war with operatives sworn to kill Americans, our government must shut down our open borders and take decisive action to address a crippling national problem.” “作为一个国家在战争与操作工宣誓要杀害美国人，我们的政府必须关闭，我们开放的边界和采取果断的行动来解决沉重的国家的问题” 。
Unlike the “A” in ACLU, the “A” in American Legion actually stands for American!不同的“ A ”在美国公民自由联盟， “ 1 ”在美国军团其实是主张美国！
Read the full story:阅读完整的故事：
http://www.legion.org/vision/currentevents/2008/04/veterans_launch_national_educa.html