A force of 1,000 civilians including police, members of the emergency services and judges, ready to be deployed to conflict zones around the world, was among a range of proposals in a long-awaited “national security strategy” announced by Gordon Brown yesterday.一支部隊的1000名平民，其中包括警察，委員的緊急服務和法官，隨時準備部署到衝突地區，在世界各地，這是其中一項一系列建議，在人們期待已久的"國家安全戰略" ，宣布由財政大臣布朗在昨天。

The government will publish a “national risk register” to help local authorities and businesses prepare for potential disasters, and promote a civil protection network of local volunteers.政府將發表"國家風險登記冊" ，以協助地方當局和企業準備的潛在災害，並促進民間保護網絡的當地志願者。 A national security forum combining up to 30 private sector experts and academics will advise the existing ministerial national security committee.國家安全論壇相結合，多達30個私人機構的專家和學者，會向現有的部長級國家安全委員會。

The 60-page national security strategy document published by the Cabinet Office described the threats facing Britain as more diffuse than during the cold war. 60頁的國家安全戰略文件中公佈的內閣辦公室形容面臨的威脅，因為英國更瀰漫比冷戰時期。 “There is a much broader set of risks and threats,” Robert Hannigan, Brown’s chief security adviser, said. "有一個更為廣泛的風險和威脅， "羅伯特漢尼根，布朗的首席安全顧問說。

Threats to Britain’s security range from climate change to cyber attacks to extremism among the young, the document said.威脅到英國的安全範圍從氣候變化到網絡攻擊的極端主義青年當中，這份文件說。 Officials said the emphasis on protecting the UK should be as much on local initiatives as on government measures.官員說，著重於保護，英國當局應盡可能遠的地方倡議作為對政府的措施。 They gave as an example schools and universities reporting on “radicalisers”, comparing it with child protection initiatives.他們給一個例子，學校和大學報導" radicalisers " ，它與保護兒童的措施。

“Our new approach to security also means improved local resilience against emergencies, building and strengthening local capacity to respond effectively in a range of circumstances from floods to possible terrorism incidents,” Brown told MPs. "我們的新的安全方針，也意味著改善了當地的復原針對緊急情況，建立和加強當地的能力，以有效地應對了一系列的情況下，從洪水可能恐怖主義事件， "布朗告訴國會議員。 “Not the old cold war idea of civil defence but a new form of civil protection that combines expert preparedness … with greater local engagement of individuals and families.” "不是舊的冷戰思維，民防，而是一個新的形式的民間保護相結合的專家準備…更多接觸當地的個人和家庭" 。

Asked if the civil protection network would be similar to second world war ARP (air raid precautions) wardens, who patrolled the streets, a government spokesman said: “It’sa variation of that.” The network was also likened to a kind of neighbourhood watch scheme.問及如果公民保護網絡將類似於二次世界大戰的ARP （空襲防範）督導員，巡邏街道，一名政府發言人說： "這是變異的表示， "網絡也可比喻為一種鄰里守望計劃。

The document stressed the need to link national authorities with local ones and also the growing interdependence of Britain and the rest of the world.該文件強調，要聯繫國家主管部門為本地個案，也日益增長的相互依存關係，英國與世界其餘地區。

In his statement to the Commons, the prime minister dwelt on the need to promote civil authority rather than military force.他在發言中向下議院，英國首相白景富對需要促進公民權力，而不是武力。

The 1,000-strong “UK civilian standby capacity” would be set up to help failing states and rebuild countries emerging from conflict, he told MPs. 1000強有力的"英國平民待機能力"將成立，以幫助失敗國家重建，剛剛擺脫衝突的國家，他告訴國會議員。 At home, he referred to extra resources the government had given to MI5, MI6, GCHQ, and anti-terrorist police.在家裡，他提到了額外資源，政府給予的MI5 ，軍情6處， gchq ，反恐怖主義警察。 Abroad, he announced more help for peacekeepers in Africa, including Somalia.在國外，他宣布更多的幫助，為維和人員在非洲，包括索馬里。

The prime minister also announced plans, drawn up by Des Browne, the defence secretary, for a bonus of £15,000 for armed forces personnel who had served for eight years.總理還宣布，計劃，制定了由萬布朗，國防大臣，獎金為15000英鎊，為武裝部隊人員組織了8年之久。

He also said £20m had been set aside to help them on to the housing ladder.他還表示， 2000萬英鎊已撤銷，以幫助他們向房屋階梯。 The measures would be financed through the defence budget.這項措施將經費通過國防預算。

Brown also held out the promise of greater openness, by giving a bigger role to parliament’s intelligence and scrutiny committee.布朗還舉行了許諾的更大程度的開放，提供了更大的作用，向國會的情報和審議委員會。 But it remains unclear if the heads of MI5, MI6 and GCHQ would give evidence to the committee in public.但是，現在仍然不清楚的，如果首長的MI5 ，軍情6處和gchq將提供證據，向委員會公開亮相。

Brown said Britain would promote nuclear disarmament but the document called for the Trident nuclear weapons system to be retained.布朗說，英國將促進核裁軍，但該文件呼籲三叉戟核武器系統予以保留。

There has been little enthusiasm for the document, which was due to be published at the end of last year, in Whitehall where departments are reluctant to share responsibilities or projects.沒有足夠的熱情文件，這是由於出版在去年年底，在白廳如果政府部門都不願分擔責任或項目。

Ian Kearns, of the IPPR thinktank, which has published its own national security strategy, described the government’s document as “weaker on policy substance and weaker still on necessary changes to the machinery of government”.伊恩柯恩斯，該ippr智囊機構，它公佈了它自己的國家安全戰略，闡述政府的文件，作為"弱勢對政策的實質內容，並逐漸仍然有必要改變現行的政府架構" 。

Security threats安全威脅

· No state threatens the UK directly沒有任何國家威脅到英國直接

· There is a high probability of a flu pandemic.有一個高概率的流感大流行。 It could cause 50,000 to 750,000 fatalities in the UK它可能導致5萬至75萬人死亡，在英國

· Climate change is potentially the greatest challenge to global stability and therefore to national security氣候變化是個潛在的最大挑戰，有利於世界的穩定，從而影響國家安全

· Societies are growing increasignly dependent on electronic information and communications systems vulnerable to cyber attack社會正日益increasignly依賴於電子信息和通訊系統容易受到網絡攻擊

· Global energy demand will be more than 50% higher in 2030 than today全球能源需求將增加超過50 ％ ，在2030年比今天

Richard Norton-Taylor 理查德諾頓-泰勒

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