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  | Translate: 翻譯：               Fisk: Afghanistan in Crisis費斯克：阿富汗危機 Monday, December 1st, 2008 星期一， 2008年12月一號
By通過 Robert Fisk羅伯特菲斯克 | The collapse of Afghanistan is closer than the world believes. |的崩潰，阿富汗是接近世界相信。 Kandahar is in Taliban hands—all but a square mile at the centre of the city—and the first Taliban checkpoints are scarcely 15 miles from Kabul.坎大哈是塔利班手中，所有，但平方英里的中心城市和塔利班的第一站是15英里幾乎從喀布爾。 Hamid Karzai’s deeply corrupted government is almost as powerless as the Iraqi cabinet in Baghdad’s “Green Zone”; lorry drivers in the country now carry business permits issued by the Taliban which operate their own courts in remote areas of the country.卡爾扎伊政府深感損壞幾乎是無能為力的伊拉克政府在巴格達“綠區” ;貨車司機在該國開展業務現在發放的許可證塔利班經營自己的法院在該國偏遠地區。 The Red Cross has already warned that humanitarian operations are being drastically curtailed in ever larger areas of Afghanistan; more than 4,000 people, at least a third of them civilians, have been killed in the past 11 months, along with scores of Nato troops and about 30 aid workers.紅十字會已經警告說，人道主義行動正在大幅度削減在越來越多的阿富汗地區;超過4000人，至少有三分之一是平民，被打死在過去11個月，隨著幾十北約部隊和有關30日救援人員。 Both the Taliban and Mr Karzai’s government are executing their prisoners in ever greater numbers.塔利班和卡爾扎伊政府正在執行中的囚犯人數越來越多。 The Afghan authorities hanged five men this month for murder, kidnap or rape—one prisoner, a distant relative of Mr Karzai, predictably had his sentence commuted—and more than 100 others are now on Kabul’s death row.阿富汗當局絞死五名男子本月初謀殺，綁架或強姦一名囚犯，一個遠房親戚的卡爾扎伊，可預見他的減刑和100多個其他國家現在對喀布爾的死囚。 This is not the democratic, peaceful, resurgent, “gender-sensitive” Afghanistan that the world promised to create after the overthrow of the Taliban in 2001.這不是民主，和平，復興， “性別問題敏感的”阿富汗，世界承諾將建立後，推翻塔利班政權在2001年。 Outside the capital and the far north of the country, almost every woman wears the all-enshrouding burkha, while fighters are now joining the Taliban’s ranks from Kashmir, Uzbekistan, Chechnya and even Turkey.在首都以外地區和北部的國家，幾乎每個女人穿的全enshrouding burkha ，而現在戰士加入塔利班的隊伍從克什米爾，烏茲別克斯坦，車臣和土耳其。 More than 300 Turkish fighters are now believed to be in Afghanistan, many of them holding European passports. 300多名土耳其士兵目前被認為在阿富汗，其中許多是持有歐洲護照。 “Nobody I know wants to see the Taliban back in power,” a Kabul business executive says—anonymity is now as much demanded as it was before 2001—“but people hate the government and the parliament which doesn’t care about their security. “我知道沒有人希望看到塔利班掌權後， ”喀布爾企業主管表示，現在不願透露姓名的多要求，因為它是在2001年之前-“人民群眾深惡痛絕，但在政府和議會不關心他們的安全。 The government is useless.政府是毫無用處的。 With so many internally displaced refugees pouring into Kabul from the countryside, there’s mass unemployment—but of course, there are no statistics.由於如此眾多的國內流離失所的難民湧入喀布爾來自農村，還有大量失業，但當然，沒有統計。 “The ‘open market’ led many of us into financial disaster.他說： “開放的市場，使我們許多人到金融災難。 Afghanistan is just a battlefield of ideology, opium and political corruption.阿富汗是一個戰場，意識形態，鴉片和政治腐敗。 Now you’ve got all these commercial outfits receiving contracts from people like USAID.現在您可以使用所有這些裝備獲得的商業合同從美國國際開發署這樣的人。 First they skim off 30 to 50 per cent for their own profits—then they contract out and sub-contract to other companies and there’s only 10 per cent of the original amount left for the Afghans themselves.”首先，他們撇了30至百分之五十為自己的利潤，那麼他們的合同及分包合同的其他公司及中只有百分之十的原始金額留給阿富汗人自己。 “ Afghans working for charitable organisations and for the UN are telling their employers that they are coming under increasing pressure to give information to the Taliban and provide them with safe houses.阿富汗人工作的慈善機構和聯合國都告訴他們的雇主，他們正在受到越來越大的壓力，以提供資料給塔利班，並為他們提供庇護所。 In the countryside, farmers live in fear of both sides in the war.在農村，農民生活在恐懼中雙方在這場戰爭。 A very senior NGO official in Kabul—again, anonymity was requested—says both the Taliban and the police regularly threaten villagers.一個非常高級的非政府組織官員在喀布爾再次，不願透露姓名的要求，稱塔利班和警察經常威脅村民。 “A Taliban group will arrive at a village headman’s door at night—maybe 15 or 16 of them—and say they need food and shelter. “塔利班組將達成一個村長的大門在晚上，也許15年或16人，並說他們需要食物和住所。 And the headman tells the villagers to give them food and let them stay at the mosque.村長和村民們告訴給他們的糧食，讓他們留在清真寺裡。 Then the police or army arrive in the day and accuse the villagers of colluding with the Taliban, detain innocent men and threaten to withhold humanitarian aid.然後，警察或軍隊抵達當天，並指責村民勾結塔利班扣留無辜的男人，並威脅要停止人道主義援助。 Then there’s the danger the village will be air-raided by the Americans.”其次是危險的村將空中突擊的美國人。 “ In the city of Ghazni, the Taliban ordered all mobile phones to be switched off from 5pm until 6am for fear that spies would use them to give away guerrilla locations.在加茲尼市，塔利班下令將所有的手機關閉，直到下午5點從早上6點擔心間諜會使用他們放棄游擊位置。 The mobile phone war may be one conflict the government is winning.移動電話的戰爭可能是衝突的政府是勝利。 With American help the Interior Ministry police can now track and triangulate calls.與美國幫助內政部警察現在可以跟踪和三角的來電。 Once more, the Americans are talking about forming “tribal militias” to combat the Taliban, much as they did in Iraq and as the Pakistani authorities have tried to do on the North West Frontier.一旦更重要的是，美國人在談論形成“部落民兵” ，以打擊塔利班，就像他們在伊拉克和巴基斯坦當局曾試圖這樣做對西北邊境。 But the tribal lashkars of the [1980s] were corrupted by the Russians and when the system was first tried out two years ago—it was called the Auxiliary Police Force—it was a fiasco.但是，部落lashkars的[ 1980 ]被損壞的俄羅斯時，該系統是第一次嘗試了兩年前，它被稱為輔警，這是一個失敗。 The newly-formed constabulary stopped showing up for work, stole weapons and turned themselves into private militias.新成立的警察的停止展示了工作，偷走了武器和自首到私人民兵。 “Now every time a new Western ambassador arrives in Kabul, they dredge it all up again,” another NGO official says in near despair. “現在，每當一個新的西方駐華大使抵達喀布爾，他們都疏通了， ”另一個非政府組織官員說，在不久的絕望。 “ ’Oh,’ they proclaim, ‘let’s have local militias—what a bright idea.’ But that will not solve the problem. “ '噢，他們宣布， '讓我們有地方民兵，什麼是光明的想法。 ' ，但這將不會解決這個問題。 The country is subject to brigandage as well as the cruelty of the Taliban and the air raids which Afghans find so outrageous.我國是受土匪，以及殘酷的塔利班和空襲，其中的阿富汗人找到這樣令人不能容忍的。 The international community has got to stop spinning and do some fundamental thinking which should have been done four or five years ago.”國際社會必須停止旋轉，並做一些基本思想本來應該做四，五年前。 “ What this means to those Westerners who have spent years in Kabul is simple.這意味著這些西方人誰花了幾年在喀布爾很簡單。 Is it really the overriding ambition of Afghans to have “democracy”?真的是壓倒一切的野心的阿富汗人有“民主” ？ Is a strong federal state possible in Afghanistan?是一個強大的聯邦州可能在阿富汗？ Is the international community ready to take on the warlords and drug barons who are within Mr Karzai’s own government?國際社會準備採取的軍閥和毒梟誰是卡爾扎伊在自己的政府？ And—most important of all—is development really about “securing the country”?和最重要的，是發展真正的“保證國” ？ The tired old American adage that “where the Tarmac ends, the Taliban begins” is untrue.累歲的美國這句格言，即“在停機坪結束後，塔利班開始”是不真實的。 The Taliban are mounting checkpoints on those very same newly-built roads.塔利班越來越檢查站同樣這些新建的道路。 The Afghan Minister of Defence has 65,000 troops under his dubious command but says he needs 500,000 to control Afghanistan.阿富汗國防部長65000部隊已根據其可疑的命令，但表示，他需要500000控制阿富汗。 The Soviets failed to contain the country even when they had 100,000 troops here with 150,000 Afghan soldiers in support.蘇聯未能遏制該國甚至當他們在這裡100000部隊與阿富汗士兵150000支持。 And as Barack Obama prepares to send another 7,000 US soldiers into the pit of Afghanistan, the Spanish and Italians are talking of leaving while the Norwegians may pull their 500 troops out of the area north of Heart.和奧巴馬準備再派7000美軍士兵進入阿富汗坑，西班牙和意大利正在談論離開，而挪威可能會撤出500名士兵離開該地區北部的心。 Repeatedly, Western leaders talk of the “key”—of training more and more Afghans to fight in the army.一而再，再而西方國家領導人談論的“鑰匙” ，培訓更多的阿富汗人作鬥爭的軍隊。 But that was the same “key” which the Russians tried—and it did not fit the lock.但是，這是一樣的“鑰匙”的俄羅斯人試圖與它不適合鎖。 “We” are not winning in Afghanistan. “我們”沒有贏得在阿富汗。 Talk of crushing the Taliban seems as bleakly unrealistic as it has ever been.談粉碎塔利班似乎bleakly不現實的，因為它曾經。 Indeed, when the President of Afghanistan tries to talk to Mullah Omar—one of America’s principal targets in this wretched war—you know the writing is on the wall.事實上，當阿富汗總統試圖交談的毛拉奧馬爾，而美國的主要目標在這個可憐的戰爭你知道寫作是在牆上。 And even Mullah Omar didn’t want to talk to Mr Karzai.甚至毛拉奧馬爾不想談論卡爾扎伊先生。 Partition is the one option that no one will discuss—giving the southern part of Afghanistan to the Taliban and keeping the rest—but that will only open another crisis with Pakistan because the Pashtuns, who form most of the Taliban, would want all of what they regard as “Pashtunistan”; and that would have to include much of Pakistan’s own tribal territories.分區是一個選擇，沒有人會討論，使南部地區的阿富汗塔利班和保持休息，但只會打開另一場危機，因為與巴基斯坦的普什圖人，誰的形式大多數是塔利班，希望所有的什麼他們認為“ Pashtunistan ” ; ，而且必須包括許多巴基斯坦自己的部落地區。 It will also be a return to the “Great Game” and the redrawing of borders in south-west Asia, something which—history shows— has always been accompanied by great bloodshed.它也將回歸“大博弈”和重劃邊界西南亞，這是歷史表明，一直伴隨著巨大的流血衝突。 Have Your Say: Fisk: Afghanistan in Crisis 你說：菲斯克：阿富汗危機 Please read our請仔細閱讀我們的 posting guidelines before posting張貼在發布前的指導方針 . 。 Alternatively或者 you can discuss this report here你可以討論這份報告在這裡 . 。 Related News 相關新聞
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