British Government Censoring The Web英国政府审查网路

Frank Fisher弗兰克费希尔

When asked to name countries that impose extensive internet censorship, you might think of China, Iran, or North Korea; I doubt you’d think of the UK, but, after the home secretary Jacqui Smith’s当记者问到名字的国家施加广泛的网际网路检查，你可能会认为，中国，伊朗，北朝鲜，我怀疑你想怎么的英国，但经过英国内政大臣杰葵斯密 speech讲话 to the International Centre for Study of Radicalisation and Political Violence today, you really should.向国际中心，为研究和激进的政治暴力的今天，你真的应该这样做。

Smith’s headline-grabbing proposal, to use the same tools against “extremist” websites as are currently used against child pornography, should worry us all.史密斯的大标题触目建议，使用相同的工具，对"极端"的网站正在被用来对付儿童色情制品问题，要担心，我们所有人。 Few hard details are available, but if we take her at her word this is a dangerous extension of government powers, with a dangerous lack of oversight.几年辛勤详细资料，但如果我们带她在她的词，这是一个危险的扩大政府的权力，同一个危险的，缺乏监督。 Press talk of extremist websites being taken down is foolish and betrays a lack of understanding of the internet.记者谈话的极端网站被拆除的，是愚蠢的，并暴露了缺乏了解因特网。 Just as with child pornography, web servers within the UK, maintained by UK ISPs or not, can be dealt with legally and technically relatively easily.正如儿童色情，网络服务器在英国，保持英国的互联网服务供应商或没有，可以处理在法律上和技术上相对容易。 Those outside our borders - ie, the vast majority, in both cases - are beyond our laws and technical reach, but the content they supply is not.这些境外-即绝大部份，在这两种情况下-超出了我们的法律和技术都达不到，但内容供应，他们是不会。 Blocking traffic from servers that host child porn - effectively at our geographical borders - has been a UK government goal for some time, and in 2007 they made a huge step towards that.交通堵塞从服务器东道国儿童色情-有效地在我们的地理疆界-一直是英国政府的目标，有一段时间，并在2 0 07年，他们作出了巨大的一步。 Good news?好消息？ Not the way they went about it.不是这样，他们去一下。

The technical approach was simple enough, based on a system devised by BT and known as该技术方法简单，不够的，基于制度设计的BT和被称为 Cleanfeed cleanfeed . 。 A list of IP addresses is drawn up by the industry watchdog, the名单的IP地址是制定了由业界看门狗， Internet Watch Foundation互联网监控基金会 , supplied to and then augmented by the Home Office, and then handed to ISPs with the simple instruction “block traffic to and from these addresses”. ，供应，然后再扩充由民政事务处，然后交给互联网服务供应商，与简单的指示"的座车量，并从这些地址的" 。 The problems are twofold.这个问题有两个方面。

First, the government, in the person of Home Office minister Vernon Coaker, simply demanded that all UK ISPs “voluntarily” sign up for the system - there is no legislative backing for this at all.首先，政府，在有关人士的家庭办公室部长弗农coaker ，简单地要求所有英国的互联网服务供应商"自愿"报名参加，为系统-有没有立法的支持，这点。 And second, no doubt only because no open discussion took place, no parliamentary debate occurred, and therefore no real examination of the dangers of such a process were exposed, no one except the Home Office knows what’s on that final list.第二，毫无疑问，只是因为没有公开讨论的地方，没有国会辩论发生，因此并没有任何实质审查的危险，这样一个过程被揭露之后，没有人，除家庭办公知道我们在做什么就表示，最后名单。 We’re led to believe that it’s purely a list of child pornography sites.我们正在率领认为，它的纯粹的名单儿童色情网站。 But no one outside government knows.但没有人外，政府知道了。 Not even the ISPs.甚至不是互联网服务提供商。 They block; they don’t look.他们块，他们不看。

As of December 31 last year, all UK ISPs duly agreed to adopt the system.截至去年十二月三十一日，英国所有的互联网服务供应商妥同意采用该系统。 You’re now viewing a state-mandated subset of the internet.现在，你就可以观看一个由国家授权的子集互联网。 How do you feel about that?你怎么觉得这件事呢？ Like to vote against it?想投反对票？ You can’t.你不能这样做。 Like your MP to sit on a committee to oversee implementation?喜欢你的国会议员坐在一个委员会，负责监督实施？ He can’t.他不能这样做。 Like to know if the Google results you’re seeing are a full representation of Google’s actual results?想知道，如果Google的结果，你可以看到是一个有充分的代表权， Google的实际结果？ You can’t.你不能这样做。 Censorship at this level - above even ISPs, is all but invisible to the end user.检查在这个水平上-上面甚至互联网服务供应商，是所有，但无形给最终用户。 It’sa secret that they’re keeping these secrets from you.这是秘密，他们掌握了这些机密，你说出来。

Now, this isn’t China you might say, we trust our government to only censor material that needs censoring.现在，这是不是中国，你也许会说，我们相信，我们的政府只有检查员材料需要检查。 Sure?肯定？ This is the same government that has leaned on ISPs这是同一个政府已倾身对互联网服务供应商 inside内 the UK, and outside, not with the intention of blocking illegal or obscene material, but simply sites that irritated, embarrassed, or offended the government.英国，外，不具有意图阻止非法或色情材料，而仅仅是网站恼火，难堪，或者得罪了政府。 Not using legal methods either - a court order, say - but bullying and threats.不使用法律手段要么-一项法院命令，说-但欺凌和威胁。 And this is the same government that was only beaten by one vote in the House of Lords, on their 2006 proposal to force UK ISPs to drop sites on the say-so of这是同一个政府，这是唯一的殴打一票，在国会上议院议员，对他们的建议于2006年以武力英国互联网服务供应商，以减少工地上说了算，这样的 a single police officer一位警察 . 。 This is, remember, that same government that’s constantly telling us, with regard to ID cards, that if you have nothing to hide, you have nothing to fear.这是，请记住，在同一政府的不断告诉我们，对于身份证的，如果你没有什么可隐瞒的，你有没有什么可怕。 Why then, do they hide this list?那么，为何，难道他们掩饰这个名单？

Now, OK, most will feel with regard to child pornography a bit of overkill may be justified, but with “extremism” we start a whole new ball game.现在，好，大多数人会感到关于儿童色情有点矫枉过正，或许是有道理的，但与"极端主义" ，我们开始一个全新的球赛。 It’sa truism that one man’s terrorist is another’s freedom fighter, what should also be understood is that what is inflammatory and incendiary material to one, is the simple truth to others.这是不言而喻的是一个人的恐怖主义是另一个的自由战士，也应该被理解的是，什么是炎症和易燃物质之一，是一个简单的真理，给别人。 Can we really accept that a few pen pushers in the Home Office should have absolute veto over our online browsing habits?我们是否真的可以接受几笔拆在家里办公，应该有绝对的否决权，我们的网上浏览习惯吗？

If the government is determined to pursue this path - and I’d stress I’d really rather they didn’t (the best answer to poisonous speech is non-poisonous speech) - then the very least they must do is introduce transparency.如果政府有决心，要实现这个路径-我非常强调，我真的，而不是他们没有（最佳答案有毒讲话，是不有毒的讲话） -那么，他们至少必须做的是引入透明度。 There is no reason why the list supplied to ISPs should not be reviewed and questioned by a parliamentary committee at the very least and, unlike child porn, there’s no reason why that shouldn’t be in open session.所以没有理由的名单提供给互联网服务供应商，不应该加以检讨，并质疑由议会的一个委员会在最低限度，不同于儿童色情内容，还有的，没有理由不应该在公开会议。 Better would be a wider consultation, perhaps along the lines of the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority, where government could put its case to interested parties, including representatives of ISPs, civil liberties groups, and the public.更好地将是一个更广泛的谘询，或许大致人类受精及胚胎学管理局的，如果政府可以把自己的情况向有兴趣的各方，包括网络供应商代表，公民自由团体及公众的意见。 You bet I’d volunteer.你打赌我会义工。 We cannot allow a power like this to operate, unchecked and unobserved, even if it is currently used benignly.我们不能让权力像这样操作，听之任之，并观察到，即使它是目前使用的良性。 Can those who’d say they would trust this government to act proportionately, really say they’d trust all future governments also?可那些宁愿说，他们相信这个政府采取行动，在比例上，才能真正做到说，他们'd信任，今后所有的政府还？ Future未来 Spycatcher spycatcher episodes will invariably happen online and in the UK, if the government of the day chose to act, we’d know nothing about it.情节都会出现在网上，并在英国逗留期间，如果政府的一天选择行为，我们对此一无所知。 We may even be in that situation right now.我们甚至可以在这种情况下正确的。

The manner in which the government has grasped this power, the way in which they are already wielding it, and their resistance to introducing transparency to the process, suggests they think imposing invisible and opaque censorship, with no legal process, is a proper way for the state to behave.以何种方式，政府已掌握了这个权力，以何种方式，他们都已经掌握，并且他们的抵抗，以引进透明的过程，表明他们认为施加无形的和不透明的检查，没有任何法律程序，是一个正确的途径国务院做人。 I reckon the我估计 Chinese government中国政府 feels that way too.觉得这种方式太。 Censors generally feel their censorship is in a good cause too.检查员，总觉得他们的检查，是一个很好的事业。 It makes no difference.但它并没有差别。

We need a proper legal footing for these measures, proper oversight, and a proper understanding that free speech is not a trivial principle the government can simply ignore, but a cornerstone of any state that claims to be democratic.我们需要一个适当的法律基础，为上述一系列的措施，适当的监督机构，并有正确的认识，认为言论自由是不是一个小事的原则，政府可以简单地忽略，而是一个基石，任何国家都声称自己是民主的。 If they’re going to slice off chunks of the internet, then the rest of us need to be damn sure that what’s going is going for a good reason, and that Jacqui Smith isn’t both judge and jury, in the hanging, drawing, and quartering of the world wide web.如果他们要去切片小康大块的互联网，那么，我们其余的需要加以妈肯定是怎么回事，是要设立一个好的理由，并表示，杰葵史密斯是不能同时法官和陪审团，在悬，绘画，设营万维网。

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