US moves to limit lawyers’ access to Guantanamo inmates美國的舉動，以限制律師接觸關塔那摩囚犯
In the wake of recent revelations of widespread torture and abuse at the Guantánamo Bay prison camp, the US Justice Department has taken legal action to restrict lawyers’ access to their clients incarcerated there.在經歷了最近揭露的普遍酷刑和虐待在關塔那摩灣囚犯集中營，美國司法部已採取法律行動，以限制律師進入其客戶嵌頓。 These lawyers have been an important source of news from inside the camp, despite being already subject to a strict set of rules established by the Pentagon and the DC Court of Appeals in 2004.這些律師已成為重要的新聞來源，由營內進行，儘管已經受到嚴格的一套規則，成立了由五角大樓和哥倫比亞特區上訴法院在2004年。
The Justice Department has asked the Washington DC Circuit Court of Appeals to limit the number of times lawyers can visit individual clients to four (they currently have unlimited visits), allow only one visit before which the prisoner must decide whether or not he will allow the lawyer to represent him, and prohibit lawyers from viewing “secret evidence” that can be used against their clients in the military tribunals.美國司法部已要求華盛頓特區巡迴上訴法院以限制人數的時候，律師可以訪問個人客戶，以四（他們目前有無限的訪問） ，只允許一次訪問之前，囚犯必須決定要或不要，他將允許律師代表他，並禁止律師從原來的"秘密證據" ，它可以被用來對付他們的客戶在軍事法庭。 A court hearing on the filing will take place May 15.法庭聽證會定於2004備案將在5月15 。
The Justice Department provocatively claims in the filing that the interactions between civilian lawyers and Guantánamo prisoners have caused “intractable problems and threats to security at Guantánamo,” blaming the lawyers for inciting disobedience, hunger strikes, and unrest.司法部挑釁索賠的訴訟中的相互作用平民律師和關塔那摩囚犯造成了"棘手的問題和安全威脅在關塔那摩， "埋怨律師煽動抗命，絕食，和不安。
Lawyers are also accused of providing detainees with news reports and accounts of events taking place outside the camp.律師也被指控提供與被拘留的新聞報導和帳目事件發生營外。 “Such information threatens the security of the camp, as it could incite violence among the detainees,” the filing stated. "這些資料危及安全的營地，因為它可能煽動暴力之間的被拘留者， "備案。 The New York Times quoted the reaction of lawyer Niel H. Koslowe, who called this a “McCarthy-era charge.” 新的紐約時報引述反應的律師niel每小時koslowe ，他們認為這是"麥卡錫時代的指控" 。
Lawyers’ descriptions of the camp and the methods used to torture inmates there have contributed to numerous exposures by groups such as the American Civil Liberties Union, Amnesty International, the Center for Constitutional Rights, Human Rights First, the UN Human Rights Commission, and Physicians for Human Rights, which have attracted international attention.律師說明該營地和使用的方法折磨犯人有促成無數暴露團體，如美國公民自由聯盟，國際特赦組織，憲法權利中心，人權首先，聯合國人權委員會，以及醫師人權，這已引起國際社會的關注。
The Guantánamo Bay prison camp, located on a US naval base on the southern coast of Cuba, houses approximately 400 inmates of various nationalities, most ensnared during the initial stages of the US invasion and occupation of Afghanistan in 2002.關塔那摩灣囚犯集中營，位於美國的海軍基地，對南海岸的古巴，房子大約400囚犯的各民族，大多數上圈套，在最初階段，美國的入侵和佔領阿富汗，在2002年。 The prison has become notorious for the physical abuse, religious persecution and humiliation of its inmates, who are denied all of their most basic rights under US and international law.監獄已成為惡名昭彰，為身體虐待，宗教迫害和羞辱囚犯，他們被剝奪了他們的一切最基本的權利，根據美國法律和國際法。 Many have been incarcerated for more than five years without ever being charged with a crime.許多人被關押了5年以上，從來沒有被指控犯罪。
Among the latest exposures were revelations by lawyers who visited the camp, amid statements by President Bush and Defense Secretary Gates that the camp should be closed, of the particulars of a new $38 million concrete-walled facility the US military recently opened there dubbed “Camp 6.”其中最新的風險被披露律師，他們訪問了難民營中的聲明，布什總統和國防部長蓋茨表示，營堅決予以關閉，對細節的一個新的38000000美元混凝土薄壁設施，美國軍方最近啟用的，有被稱為"陣營6 。 "
The new facility, completed in December 2006, houses 165 inmates.新的設施，完成了2006年12月，房子165囚犯。 Prisoners are kept locked in individual sealed cells for 22 hours a day and are only allowed two hours of exercise in mesh cages, sometimes only at night.囚犯關在單獨的密封電池為22小時，每日只允許兩個小時的演習中網狀鐵籠，有時僅在夜間進行。 Bright lights are kept on at all times in the cells, temperatures are kept low, contact with other prisoners is forbidden, and virtually no personal items such as pens, paper, or watches are allowed.明亮的燈光都與我們保持在任何時候都在細胞中，溫度保持在較低水平，與其他囚犯是被禁止的，而且幾乎沒有個人物品如筆，紙，或手錶都是不允許的。
Lawyers whose clients were transferred to the new facility witnessed a rapid deterioration in their mental wellbeing.律師的當事人被移交給新設施目睹急劇惡化，他們的精神健康。 “They’re just sitting on a powder keg down there,” lawyer Sabin Willett told the New York Times earlier this month. "他們只是坐在一個火藥桶坐下的時候， "律師薩賓Willett著告訴紐約時報本月初。 “You’re going to have an insane asylum.” "您將會有一個瘋漢庇護" 。
Lawyers visiting the camp also exposed how a hunger strike involving more than a third of the camp’s population was brutally suppressed in October 2005.律師來訪的營地，也暴露了如何進行絕食涉及三分之一以上的難民營中的人口被殘酷鎮壓，在2005年10月。 The hunger strikers were strapped to restraint chairs while feeding tubes were forced through their nostrils and into their stomachs without anesthetic.絕食者緊張，以克制椅，而進食管的人被迫通過它們的鼻孔，並納入其肚皮，沒有麻藥。 According to one lawyer who spoke with victims of the procedure, ordinary prison guards used tubes “with the bile and the blood still on the tube from the previous detainee.”據一位律師，以與被害人的程序，普通獄警用氣筒"與膽汁和血液中仍對管，由以前的被拘留者" 。
Al-Jazeerah cameraman Sami al-Hajj, who is imprisoned at the camp, described the pain and terror of the force-feeding in his diary, which found its way to the public through his lawyer.基地jazeerah攝像師薩米基地朝聖，誰是被囚禁在軍營，描述了痛苦和恐怖的力量哺育他在日記中，找到了自己的方式向公眾通過他的律師。 “I said I would begin to scream unless they took it out,” he wrote. "我說過我會開始尖叫，除非他們又把它出來， "他寫道。 “They finally did.” "他們終於做到了。 "
These revelations infuriated the US government, which would for obvious reasons prefer the conditions at the camp kept secret.這些啟示激怒美國政府，會為一些顯而易見的原因寧願選擇條件在營地嚴格保密。
The Justice Department’s filing makes a menacing legal claim: “There is no right on the part of counsel to access to detained aliens on a secure military base in a foreign country.” In other words, the prisoners at Guantánamo have no legal right to a civilian attorney; the US military can therefore arbitrarily permit or forbid a prisoner access to a lawyer and vice versa.美國司法部的訴狀作出了來勢法律主張： "有沒有權利對部分律師探望被拘留的外國人的一個安全基地，在外國" ，換句話說，囚犯在關塔那摩，沒有任何法律權利向平民檢察員;美軍，因此可以隨意許可或禁止囚犯與律師接觸，反之亦然。
After a Supreme Court ruling in Hamdan v Rumsfeld in 2006 called into question the legitimacy of the Pentagon military tribunals and affirmed the rights of Guantánamo detainees to seek habeas corpus relief through US courts, Congress responded by approving the infamous Military Commissions Act (MCA).之後，美國最高法院的裁決中哈姆丹v拉姆斯菲爾德在2006年就成問題的合法性五角大樓軍事法庭和肯定的權利關塔那摩被拘留者，以尋求人身保護令救濟，通過美國法院，國會回應審批臭名昭著的軍事委員會法案（馬華） 。
Passed into law with the help of Congressional Democrats, the MCA explicitly denies Guantánamo prisoners the right to habeas corpus—a person’s bedrock democratic right to have the charges against him presented before a judge.通過成為法律，借助國會的民主黨人，馬華明確否認關塔那摩囚犯的人身保護權-一個人的基岩民主權利，有對他的指控提出了法官面前。
The MCA instead restricted prisoners to challenging the decision made by the Guantánamo combatant status review tribunals designating them “enemy combatants,” within a narrowly-defined set of limits, in the DC Court of Appeals.這個賬戶，而不是限制囚犯挑戰所作出的決定，關塔納摩戰鬥人員身份審查法庭指定他們是"敵方戰鬥人員" ，在一個狹窄的定義定的界限，在區法院的上訴案件。
Given the composition of the DC Court of Appeals, it is not unlikely that it will grant in part or in full the Justice Department’s request.鑑於組成的直流上訴法院，這不是不可能，這將給予部分或全部美國司法部的要求。
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