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The FBI¡¯s Right To Threaten Torture

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¿¬¹æ °íµî ¹ý¿øÀº FBI ¿ä¿øÀÌ ±×°¡ 9/11 °ø°Ý¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ÁÖ¿ëÀÇÀÚ¿¡¼­ Ʋ¸° ÀÚ¹éÀ» °­¿äÇÑ Ã¥ÀÓ¿¡ ÀçÆÇ¿¡ ȸºÎµÇ¾î¾ß ÇѤ¤´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ´ÜÁ¤Çß´Ù. ±×·¯³ª FBI´Â ¾ÆÁ÷µµ ±×°ÍÀÇ ´ë¸®ÀÎÀÌ ¾Æ¹«°Íµµ Ʋ¸®°Ô ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ÁÖÀåÇÑ´Ù. ±×¸®°í °á¹éÇÑ ³²ÀÚ¸¦ ²÷±â À§ÇÏ¿© FBI ¿ä¿øÀÌ °í¹®ÀÇ À§ÇùÀ» ¾î¶»°Ô ÀÌ¿ëÇÑÁö ¼±¹ßÇÏ´Â ÃÖ±Ù °áÁ¤ÀÇ Àú ºÎºÐÀ» ¾ï¾ÐÇϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© ¹ý¿øÀÌ feds¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© Èçµé·È´Ù.

Abdallah Higazy ÀÇ 8¿ù¿¡ ºÎ·çŬ¸°¿¡ ÀÖ´Â °úÇÐ ±â¼ú ´ëÇп¡ ±â¼ú¼³°è¸¦ °øºÎÇϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© ´º¿å½Ã¿¡ µµÂøÇÏ´Â 30 ³â ¿À·¡µÈ ÀÌÁýÆ® Çлý. 27 2001³â. ¹Ì±¹. ¼¼°è ¹«¿ª ¼¾ÅÍÀÇ ¿·¿¡ õ³â±â Èúư È£ÅÚ¿¡ ±×ÀÇ ¹æÀ», ºñÃàµÇ°í ÁöºÒµÇ´Â ¿Ü±¹ ¿øÁ¶ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥. ù¹øÂ° ºñÇà±â ÈÄ¿¡ ¼¼°è ¹«¿ª ¼¾ÅÍ, È£ÅÚ¿¡¼­ ±×°Í ¶ß°Ì ¹ßÀÌ ÀÖ´ø Higazy·Î ºÎ½¥´Ù. Å×·¯¸®½ºÆ® °ø°ÝÀÌ, È£ÅÚ ¹ÐºÀµÈ ÈÄ¿¡.

³ªÁß¿¡ 3 ´Þ, ¼Õ´ÔÀº ±×µéÀÇ ¿ëǰÀ» ¸¸È¸ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ Çã¿ëµÇ¾ú´Ù. Higazy°¡ 12¿ù¿¡ È£ÅÚ¿¡ °¥ ¶§. 17, ±×´Â Ç×°ø ¶óµð¿À ¼ÒÀ¯ÀÇ °Ë°ÅµÇ°í °í¼ÒµÇ¾ú´Ù. (º¸°íµÇ´Â A È£ÅÚ °æºñ¿ø ±×ÀÇ ¹æ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ¾ÈÀü¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ¶óµð¿À¸¦ ã¾Æ³»±â.) Higazy´Â ¶óµð¿À¸¦ ¼ÒÀ¯ÇÏ´Â ºÎÁ¤Çß´Ù. ±×´Â Áß¿ä ÁõÀÎÀ¸·Î °Ë°ÅµÇ°í µ¶¹æ °¨±Ý¿¡¼­ À§·Î Àá°å´Ù.

Higazy´Â ±×ÀÇ À̸§À» ¸¼°Ô ÇÏ°í ½Í¾ú´Ù, ±×·¡¼­ ±×´Â °ÅÁþ¸» ŽÁö±â ½ÃÇèÀ» Ä¡¸£´Â °ÍÀ» µ¿ÀÇÇß´Ù. ±×°¡ ½ÃÇèÀ» À§ÇØ Templeton¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© À§·Î ŸÀüÇÏ°í ±×·¯³ª ´Ù¸¥ ÇÑÆíÀ¸·Î´Â ±×±îÁö 3 ½Ã°£ µ¿¾È ±×¸¦ À§ÇùÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ÁøÇàÇß´Ù FBI ¿ä¿ø ¸¶ÀÌŬÀº ¶óµð¿À ¼ÒÀ¯¿¡ ¸¶Áö¸·À¸·Î ½ÂÀÎÇß´Ù. Higazy´Â ÀÌÁýÆ® ¾ÈÀüÀº ´ç½ÅÀÇ °¡Á· ³ª¶ôÀ»." Áؤ¤´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ´ç½ÅÀÌ ÀúÈñ¿Í Çù·ÂÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â °æ¿ì¿¡ FBI ¿ä¿øÀÌ ±×¸¦, ", FBI ÀÇÁö¡¦ È®ÀÎÇѤ¤´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» °æ°íÇß´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¹àÇû´Ù FBI´Â ±×°¡ °ÅÁþ¸» ŽÁö±â¸¦ ÁÖ¾îÁö´Â µ¿¾È ¹æ¿¡¼­ À̱â À§ÇÏ¿© HigazyÀÇ °Ë»ç¸¦ Çã¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ·Î¹öÆ® Dunn, »çÀýÇß´Ù. ½É¹® ÈÄ¿¡, Higazy´Â Dunn¿¡ µû¸£¸é "À̾î," Á¦¾îÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø ¶³°í Èå´À³¤.

1¿ù¿¡. 11 2002³â, Higazy´Â ¿¬¹æ øº¸¿ø¿¡ ¼ÓÀ̱⸦ À§ÇØ ±â¼ÒµÇ¾ú´Ù. ¹Ì±¹. Dan Himmelfarb °Ë»ç´Â °ÅÁþ º¸°í°¡ [¶óµð¿À¿¡ °üÇÏ¿©] ¾Æ¸¶ ±¹°¡ÀÇ ¿ª»ç¿¡¼­ °¡Àå ½É°¢ÇÒ ÇÒ ¶§ "Á¶»çµÇ°í ÀÖ´ø ¹üÁË ÁÖÀåÇß´Ù. A radio that can be used for air-to-air and air-to-ground communication is a significant part of that investigation.¡± The Washington Post noted that ¡°federal officials paraded [Higazy] before the media as a terrorist.¡± The feds never bothered checking with the U.S. foreign-aid program to find out whether Higazy¡¯s story about why he was staying at the hotel next to the World Trade Center was true.

The prosecutorial celebration flopped three days later when an American pilot showed up at the Millennium Hilton Hotel and asked for the aviation radio he had left in his room when the hotel was evacuated on 9/11. It soon became apparent that the hotel security guard (a former cop who had been fired by the Newark Police Department) had lied about finding the radio in Higazy¡¯s room. The case collapsed and, a few days later, Higazy was awarded $3 for subway fare and released from jail. The FBI conducted an internal investigation and absolved Templeton of any wrongdoing.

In late 2002, Higazy sued, asserting that the FBI¡¯s coercive interrogation violated his Fifth Amendment rights against self-incrimination. Federal judge Naomi Buchwald dismissed his case, declaring, ¡°[Agent] Templeton¡¯s conduct and threats as a matter of law cannot be classified as conscience-shocking or constitutionally oppressive.¡± Perhaps Buchwald believed that as long as Higazy¡¯s mother and sister were not brutalized in front of him during the interrogation, the FBI had done nothing wrong.

A federal appeals court overturned this decision on Oct. 19, declaring that Higazy¡¯s case deserved to go to trial. The original version of the decision detailed the tactics Templeton purportedly used to get Higazy¡¯s confession. Two hours later, the court removed that portion of the decision from the Internet. The redacted portion of the decision (captured by bloggers before it was taken down) noted that the FBI agent admitted to knowing that Egyptian ¡°laws are different than ours, that they are probably allowed to do things in that country ¡¦ yeah, probably about torture, sure.¡± Thus, Templeton was aware that his threat would terrify Higazy.

The revised court decision replaced such key details with the following mundane notice: ¡°For the purposes of the summary judgment motion, Templeton did not contest that Higazy¡¯s statements were coerced.¡±

The FBI has long taught its agents that subjects of their investigation have ¡°forfeited their right to the truth,¡± according to the ethics study guide at the FBI Academy. Perhaps, according to federal lawmen, it is a small step from lying to suspects to threatening to have their kinfolk tortured. The agency has done nothing in the nearly six years since this case began to indicate that the methods used in the Higazy case did not receive the full approval of FBI headquarters.

The initial Higazy arrest and release were landmarks showing how far feds would go to gin up evidence and headlines for the war on terror. The fact that the FBI approved of its agent¡¯s methods - and the fact that a federal judge saw no problem with the interrogation - are further warning signs of constitutional decay. Keep your eyes on this case, because it could help determine how far feds can go to destroy innocent people.


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This entry was posted on Wednesday, November 7th, 2007 at 3:15 pm and is filed under Human Rights . You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.
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