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美国： 被取缔的聚合炸弹出口
星期四， 2009年3月12日
立法签字入法律在2009年3月11日由Obama总统在几乎所有聚合炸弹出口将使成为永久一个禁令由美国，今天说的人权观察。 美国在会加入禁止群军火根据这次行动，人权观察的国际条约应该回顾它的姿态说。 “这个永久出口禁令是主要周转在美国政策”，史蒂夫鹅说，武装分裂主任在人权观察。 “它带领华盛顿进入更加接近的对准线以关于这个可怕的武器的国际观点”。 国会在星期二通过参议院的一个多项预算案(小时包括出口禁令1105)。 立法阐明，群军火可能只被出口，如果他们忘记少于他们的副军需品的1%作为臭弹。 群副军需品在最初的冲击经常不爆炸，留下行动象地雷并且形成危险平民的臭弹。 立法也要求接受国家同意“不会使用群军火平民知道存在的地方”。 群军火的仅一个非常微小的分数在美国武库集会1百分之标准。 这个出口禁令在一个相似的预算案在2007年12月首先被立法了，但那法律只要求它一年。 “这项措施段落是另外征兆总统应该创始美国政策详尽的回顾关于群军火”，说鹅。 “如果它是不能接受的为了外国军事能使用这些武器，为什么使用他们美国军事是可接受的？” ？ 由于群军火的美国政策在国防部长罗伯特门发布的三页政策方针在2008年7月最后被明确了表达。 方向性被描述的群军火作为“合法的武器以清楚的军事公共事业”。 根据政策，美国将继续在2018年以后使用群军火，并且，使用仅军火以一个被测试的故障率少于1%。 在2008年12月，一位女发言人为Obama接收小组说仔细地会“回顾”新的条约取缔群军火的下位总统和“严密工作[与]我们的朋友和盟友保证美国做着可行的一切促进平民的保护。” ？ On February 10, Human Rights Watch joined leaders from 66 other national nongovernmental organizations in signing a joint letter calling on President Obama to join the Convention on Cluster Munitions. Human Rights Watch co-chairs the Cluster Munition Coalition, which it helped found in November 2003. It is also a founding member of the United States Campaign to Ban Landmines and Cluster Bombs. “The export ban moves the US one step closer to the position taken by nearly 100 nations - including its closest NATO allies - that have signed the treaty banning cluster munitions,” said Goose. “A US decision to sign would certainly signal President Obama’s commitment to multilateral diplomacy.” The 2008 Convention on Cluster Munitions was opened for signature in December. It prohibits the use, production, stockpiling, and transfer of cluster munitions, and provides strict deadlines for clearance of affected areas and destruction of stockpiled cluster munitions. A total of 95 states have signed the convention, including most NATO members and other close US allies. The Bush administration chose not to participate in the development or negotiation of the convention, which was modeled on the 1997 treaty banning landmines. While the historical record is incomplete, the United States has transferred hundreds of thousands of cluster munitions containing tens of millions of unreliable and inaccurate submunitions to at least 28 countries: Argentina, Australia, Bahrain, Belgium, Canada, Egypt, Denmark, France, Greece, Honduras, Indonesia, Israel, Italy, Japan, Jordan, South Korea, Morocco, the Netherlands, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Poland, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Thailand, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates, and the United Kingdom. Several of these states have joined the Convention on Cluster Munitions and are in the process of destroying their stockpiled cluster munitions. Cluster munitions exported by the US have been used by other states in Lebanon, Iraq, the former Yugoslavia, and Western Sahara. Cluster munitions can be fired by artillery and rocket systems or dropped by aircraft and typically explode in the air and send dozens, even hundreds, of tiny bomblets over an area the size of a football field. Human Rights Watch Have Your Say: US: Cluster Bomb Exports Banned Please read our posting guidelines before posting. Alternatively you can discuss this report here. Related News
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