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  | Translate: 翻譯：               The GOP Judge Who Bolted on Gitmo共和黨的法官誰螺栓上Gitmo Saturday, November 22nd, 2008 星期六， 2008年一十一月22號
By Robert Parry | consortiumnews.com由羅伯特帕里| consortiumnews.com To understand how thin the evidence must have been against five Algerians held at Guantanamo Bay for nearly seven years – and who were just ordered released by a US District Court judge – you have to know the history of that judge, Richard J. Leon.了解如何薄的證據必須是阿爾及利亞人對五名關押在關塔那摩近7年-，誰只是下令釋放的美國聯邦地方法院法官-你必須知道的歷史，這名法官，理查德J利昂。 Earlier in his career – before getting appointed to the bench by George W. Bush in 2002 – Leon had been one of the most reliable Republican legal apparatchiks, skilled in steering investigations toward a desired partisan outcome, whatever the facts and the evidence might be.在職業生涯早期-才任命了替補席上，由美國總統布什在2 002年-萊昂已經是最可靠的共和黨法律改造，技術指導調查邁向理想的結果黨派，不管事實和證據可能。 So, in 1987, when Rep. Dick Cheney and his legal adviser David Addington were defending President Ronald Reagan and Vice President George HW Bush in the congressional Iran-Contra investigation – and devising legal arguments about inherent presidential powers – Richard Leon was there as a Republican senior counsel.因此，在1987年，當議員切尼和他的法律顧問，大衛阿丁頓是在保衛總統羅納德裡根和副總統老布什在國會伊朗調查-並制定法律論點的內在總統的權力-理查德萊昂是有作為共和黨資深大律師。 In 1992, when a House task force was examining evidence that Reagan and Bush began their secret contacts with Iran’s Islamic regime in 1980 while trying to unseat President Jimmy Carter, Leon was the Republican point man to make sure nothing too damaging came out.在1992年，當時美國眾議院專責小組正在研究的證據表明，裡根和布什開始了秘密接觸伊朗的伊斯蘭政權，而在1980年試圖推翻總統吉米卡特，萊昂是共和黨點男子，以確保沒有太多破壞出來。 Later in the 1990s, after Bill Clinton became President, Leon served as special counsel to the House Banking Committee for a highly partisan investigation that transformed Clinton’s minor Whitewater real estate deal into a big scandal.後來在20世紀90年代，在克林頓擔任總統，萊昂擔任特別顧問的眾議院銀行委員會的高度黨派的調查，轉化克林頓的小白水房地產交易成一個大醜聞。 In other words, if there was a politically sensitive probe that needed the answer to come out a certain way for Republicans, Richard Leon was one of their top go-to guys.換句話說，如果有一個敏感的政治問題，需要的答案出來以某種方式為共和黨人，理查德萊昂是他們最走向球員。 Even as a federal judge, Leon reliably leaned the Republican way.即使是作為一個聯邦法官，萊昂可靠的身子，共和黨的方式。 He opposed the idea of having civilian judges handle cases regarding the indefinite incarceration of terror suspects whom President Bush had locked up at Guantanamo.他反對的想法民事法官辦案就無限期關押恐怖嫌疑人布什總統已經鎖定了在關塔那摩。 However, on Nov. 20, after a closed-door habeas corpus hearing where the Bush administration presented its secret evidence against six Algerian men, Leon ordered five of them released and blasted the weakness of the evidence.然而，在11月20日之後，閉門人身保護令的聽證會時，布什政府提出了對秘密的證據6阿爾及利亞男子，萊昂下令5人獲釋，並抨擊薄弱的證據。 Though still criticizing the US Supreme Court for requiring the government to show cause for keeping detainees locked up, Leon nevertheless added about the government’s evidence, “to rest [the men’s continued imprisonment] on so thin a reed would be inconsistent with this court’s obligation.”儘管仍然指責美國最高法院要求政府因由維持被拘留關起來，但萊昂說對政府的證據， “休息[男子繼續監禁]上得如此之薄蘆葦將不符合該法院的義務。 “ Leon said the government’s case, accusing five of the Algerians of planning to fight American troops in Afghanistan, relied on information from a single unnamed source.萊昂說，政府的情況下，指責五個阿爾及利亞人的規劃，以打擊美國軍隊在阿富汗，依賴於信息從一個單一消息來源。 However, Leon agreed to the continued incarceration of the sixth Algerian because Leon felt there was sufficient corroboration of that man’s links to al-Qaeda.然而，萊昂同意繼續監禁的第六屆阿爾及利亞萊昂認為，因為有足夠的佐證該男子的聯繫基地。 Counted as Lucky算作幸運 Yet before the ruling was handed down, the Bush administration must have counted itself lucky to have drawn Leon for 24 of the habeas corpus hearings.然而，面前的裁決是流傳，布什政府必須有個自己幸運地擁有萊昂提請的24人身保護聽證會。 Leon had a long record of protecting the flanks of powerful Republicans caught up in national security scandals.萊昂有很長的記錄，保護兩翼強大的共和黨陷入了國家安全醜聞。 In 1987, when President Reagan faced accusations that he authorized an off-the-books operation to send illicit assistance to the Nicaraguan contra rebels and to illegally ship military hardware to Iran, Leon stepped forward as deputy chief counsel on the Republican side of the Iran-Contra investigation. 1987年，當裡根總統所面臨的指控，他批准了帳外經營向非法援助尼加拉瓜反對叛亂分子和非法船舶軍事硬件伊朗，萊昂挺身而出擔任副首席律師在共和黨方面伊朗-魂斗羅調查。 There, Leon worked with Dick Cheney, then a Wyoming congressman, fending off accusations of Reagan’s wrongdoing.在這裡，萊昂與切尼，然後是懷俄明州眾議員，抵禦指責裡根的不法行為。 They even came up with a counter-argument that accused Congress of intruding on the foreign policy prerogatives of the President.他們甚至想出了一個反論點，即被告人入侵國會對外交政策的特權的總統。 “Congressional actions to limit the President in this area … should be reviewed with a considerable degree of skepticism,” the Republican minority report said. “國會採取行動，以限制總統在這方面的...應加以審查，相當程度的懷疑， ”共和黨少數報告說。 “If they interfere with the core presidential foreign policy functions, they should be struck down.” “如果他們干涉的核心總統的外交政策的職責，但他們應該擊中了。 ” In 2005, when Cheney was defending his concept of George W. Bush’s nearly unlimited powers during wartime, the Vice President harkened back to that Iran-Contra minority report.在2005年時，切尼是捍衛他的概念，布什幾乎無限的權力，在戰爭期間，副總統成熟這一伊朗少數報告。 “If you want reference to an obscure text, go look at the minority views that were filed with the Iran-Contra committee,” Cheney told a reporter. “如果你想提到一個不起眼的文字，去看看少數人的意見被提交給伊朗委員會” ，切尼告訴記者。 Cheney said those old arguments “are very good in laying out a robust view of the President’s prerogatives with respect to the conduct of especially foreign policy and national security matters.”切尼說，這些舊的論點“是非常好的奠定了強有力的看法總統的特權與尊重的行為尤其是外交政策和國家安全的問題。 ” One could say that Richard Leon – along with David Addington, now Cheney’s chief of staff, another strong advocate of expansive executive powers – was there at the birth of what became George W. Bush’s imperial presidency.可以說，理查德萊昂-與大衛阿丁頓，現在切尼的幕僚長，又大力主張廣泛的行政權力-是在那裡出生後來成為布什的帝國總統。 October Surprise Case 10月驚奇案件 Leon also came to the rescue in 1992 when evidence was mounting that Ronald Reagan and George HW Bush had started their illicit contacts with Iran even earlier than the Iran-Contra deals, back to Campaign 1980 when they allegedly interfered with President Carter’s efforts to gain the release of 52 US hostages held by Islamic radicals in Iran.萊昂也前來救援時，在1992年被越來越多的證據認為羅納德裡根和老布什已開始其非法與伊朗的接觸甚至早於伊朗交易，回到1980年的運動時，他們涉嫌干預總統卡特的努力爭取釋放52名美國人質舉行的伊斯蘭激進分子在伊朗。 To examine this so-called “October Surprise” case, the House approved creation of a task force headed by Democratic Rep. Lee Hamilton and Republican Rep. Henry Hyde.審查這個所謂的“十月驚奇”案，眾議院批准成立一個特別工作組領導的民主黨眾議員李漢密爾頓和共和黨眾議員海德。 Hamilton hired former prosecutor Lawrence Barcella as chief majority counsel and Hyde picked Richard Leon as chief minority counsel.漢密爾頓聘請前檢察官勞倫斯Barcella大多數擔任律師和海德挑選理查德萊昂擔任少數民族律師。 From the start, however, the investigation seemed more determined to debunk the allegations of Republican wrongdoing than to seriously assess the evidence.從一開始，然而，調查似乎更堅定地揭穿指控的不當行為比共和黨要認真評估的證據。 At one point, I went to the task force’s office and questioned Barcella and his assistant, Michael Zeldin, about this peculiar style of investigating.有一次，我去了工作隊的辦公室，並質疑Barcella和他的助手，邁克爾•澤爾丁，對這一特殊風格的調查。 Barcella and Zeldin pointed to Leon’s insistence that interviews with witnesses be conducted only with him or another Republican present. •澤爾丁Barcella和萊昂指出，堅持與證人面談進行，只有在自己或他人的共和黨本。 This stricture had sharply limited the task force’s ability to follow leads and develop new witnesses.這狹窄大幅度限制了工作隊的能力，後續的線索和開發新的證人。 Indeed, some key October Surprise witnesses described to me how Leon sought to intimidate them into retracting their allegations about Republican wrongdoing.事實上，一些關鍵證人10月驚喜給我介紹如何尋求萊昂恐嚇他們將撤消對他們的指控共和黨的不法行為。 When these witnesses refused to alter their sworn testimony, they became the targets of the task force, more so than Reagan and Bush.當這些證人拒絕改變他們的宣誓證詞，他們成為了目標，工作隊，遠遠超過裡根和布什。 Jamshid Hashemi, an Iranian businessman who had assisted the Clinton administration on the hostage issue in 1980, alleged that he and his brother Cyrus Hashemi also helped Reagan’s campaign chief William Casey arrange secret meetings with Iranian officials in Madrid in summer 1980. Jamshid拉夫桑賈尼，伊朗商人誰曾協助克林頓政府就人質問題在1980年，據稱，他和他的弟弟賽勒斯拉夫桑賈尼還幫助裡根的競選班子負責人威廉凱西秘密會晤安排與伊朗官員在馬德里1980年夏天。 However, after Jamshid Hashemi gave his account to the task force in 1992, he said Leon tried to pressure him to recant his allegations.然而，在Jamshid哈希米了他的帳戶，以工作隊於1992年，他說萊昂試圖壓力，他撤回他的指控。 “I found this Mr. Leon – who I knew as the ‘fat man’ – every time we had a break and my lawyer would go to the washroom, he would rush into my room where I was sitting and say, ‘come on, change the story’,” Jamshid Hashemi told me. “我發現這萊昂先生-我知道誰的'胖子' -每當我們有一個突破和我的律師將去洗手間，他就匆忙進入我的房間，我坐在說， '來吧，改變的故事， “ Jamshid拉夫桑賈尼告訴我的。 “I said I would not change my story at all. “我說我不會改變我的故事了。 The last time he opened the door, I said, ‘Get out of my office.上一次他打開門，我說， '走出我的辦公室。 If you have anything to say, say it in front of my lawyer.’”如果您有什麼話要說，說在我的律師。 “ Hashemi said Leon, rather than task force chief counsel Barcella, appeared to be running the October Surprise investigation with the goal of protecting Republicans, rather than getting at the truth.哈希米說，里昂，而不是工作隊首席律師Barcella ，似乎是運行10月驚喜的調查，目的是保護共和黨人，而不是在真理。 I received a similar account of Leon’s behavior from former Israeli intelligence official Ari Ben-Menashe, who testified that he and other Israelis helped arrange a Paris meeting in October 1980 involving Casey, George HW Bush and key Iranians.我收到了類似的到萊昂的行為由以色列前情報官員阿里本蘭克，誰作證說，他和其他以色列人幫助安排在巴黎會議1980年10月，涉及凱西，老布什和關鍵的伊朗人。 Ben-Menashe said Leon demanded that he alter his sworn testimony as well.本蘭克說，萊昂要求他改變他的宣誓證詞以及。 Recently, when I spoke with Ben-Menashe, he reaffirmed that account and described Leon as “a Bush crony.”最近，當我與本蘭克，他重申，帳戶，並介紹萊昂是“布什的親信。 ” Strange Conclusions奇怪的結論 So, despite substantial evidence of Reagan-Bush wrongdoing from more than a score of individuals, Leon helped persuade the task force to reject the October Surprise allegations, a finding made easier for the Democrats by their 1992 election victories that meant the end of the Reagan-Bush era.因此，儘管大量證據表明裡根，布什不法行為從以上評分的個人，萊昂幫助說服工作隊拒絕十月驚奇的指控，調查結果更容易為他們的民主黨1992年大選的勝利，這意味著結束，裡根布什時代。 Besides Hashemi and Ben-Menashe, the many individuals describing Republican guilt included: former Iranian president Abolhassan Bani-Sadr (who sent the task force a detailed account of the Iranian-Republican contacts from his view in Tehran); senior officials of the Palestine Liberation Organization who described overtures from Republicans seeking help in interfering in the hostage crisis; and French intelligence chief Alexandre deMarenches (who told his biographer about secret GOP-Iran hostage meetings in Paris, claims corroborated by other French intelligence officials).除了拉夫桑賈尼和本蘭克，許多個人描述共和黨內疚包括：伊朗前總統Abolhassan薩迪爾（誰派出工作組詳細介紹了伊朗的共和黨聯繫人從他的觀點在德黑蘭） ;高級官員的巴勒斯坦解放組織組織描述姿態誰從共和黨尋求幫助干涉人質危機;和法國情報deMarenches長亞歷山大（誰告訴他的傳記作家的秘密共和黨伊朗人質在巴黎舉行會議，要求證實了法國情報官員） 。 Barcella told me years later that new evidence in support of the October Surprise allegations poured in late in the investigation, so much evidence that he urged Hamilton to extend the deadline for several months. Barcella告訴我，幾年後，新的證據支持指控驚喜10月下旬投入的調查，這麼多的證據表明，他敦促漢密爾頓的最後期限延長數月之久。 Hamilton, however, refused and ordered the probe wrapped up with a finding of Republican innocence.漢密爾頓，但拒絕，並下令調查結束了一個調查結果，共和黨是清白的。 Complications for Leon, Hamilton and the other debunkers continued to arise, however.並發症的萊昂，漢密爾頓和其他debunkers不斷出現，但。 On Jan. 11, 1993, just two days before the task force’s debunking report was scheduled for release, the Russian government sent an extraordinary report to Hamilton describing Moscow’s internal intelligence on the controversy. 1月11日， 1993年，僅前兩天，工作隊的揭露報告定於釋放，俄羅斯政府派遣了一個特別報告，漢密爾頓介紹莫斯科的內部情報的爭議。 The Russian report described Republican meetings with Iranians in Europe, including Casey’s trip to Madrid and the Paris meeting that the Russians also said involved George HW Bush and then-CIA officer Robert Gates (now US Defense Secretary).俄羅斯報告描述共和黨會議，伊朗人在歐洲，包括凱西訪問馬德里和巴黎會議上，俄羅斯也表示，參與老布什和當時的中央情報局官員羅伯特蓋茨（現在的美國國防部長） 。 Instead of making the Russian report public, the task force stuck it – and its startling information – in a cardboard box that was filed away with other classified and unclassified material from the investigation.相反，使俄羅斯的報告公開，工作隊堅持到底-其驚人的信息-在一個紙箱這是提出了與其他分類和機密材料進行調查。 (I found the Russian report when I got access to the task force’s raw documents in 1994.) （我發現俄羅斯的報告當我進入工作隊的原始文件在1994年。 ） While hiding the Russian report and other evidence supporting the October Surprise allegations, the House task force released its negative findings on Jan. 13, 1993, and went on the attack against the witnesses who had rejected Leon’s demands that they recant their testimony.雖然俄羅斯藏匿報告和其他證據支持指控10月驚喜，內務工作組發布了其負面結果將於1月13日， 1993年，並繼續攻擊證人誰拒絕了里昂的要求，他們撤回他們的證詞。 In January 1993, task force leaks indicated that Jamshid Hashemi and Ari Ben-Menashe would be referred to the Justice Department for prosecution on perjury charges. 1993年1月，工作隊洩漏指出， Jamshid拉夫桑賈尼和阿里本蘭克將提交司法部起訴偽證罪的指控。 However, no such charges were ever filed.然而，沒有這樣的指控是以往任何時候都存檔。 [For more details on the October Surprise case, see Robert Parry’s Secrecy & Privilege. [更多細節關於10月驚喜情況下，看到羅伯特帕里的保密和特權。 For the text of the Russian report, click here.全文俄羅斯的報告，請點擊這裡。 To view the actual US embassy cable that includes the Russian report, click here.]要查看實際的美國大使館電纜，其中包括俄羅斯的報告，請點擊這裡。 ] Consistent Stories一貫的故事 Over the years, both Hashemi and Ben-Menashe have stuck to their stories.多年來，無論哈希米和本蘭克堅持他們的故事。 When I re-interviewed Hashemi in 1997 about the October Surprise case, he said, “I thought it was my duty that the people in the United States should know.當我再次哈什採訪約在1997年10月的驚喜情況，他說： “我覺得這是我的職責，人民在美國應該知道的。 They should know, they should be the judge of it.”他們應該知道，他們應該判斷它。 “ Though Hashemi sat through my interview with the same gentlemanly style that I encountered when I first met him in 1990, he did flash with anger when I asked him about the House task force’s report.雖然坐在哈希米通過我的採訪時同樣的紳士風格，當我遇到我第一次見到他在1990年，他沒有閃光燈與憤怒時，我問他對眾議院專責小組的報告。 “Rubbish, that’s what I think,” steamed Hashemi. “垃圾，這是我認為， ”清蒸哈什。 “Just a whitewash of the whole situation. “就在粉飾的整個局勢。 It’sa cover-up.”這是掩飾。 “ Hashemi argued that it made no sense for him to have invented his October Surprise account, which he repeated under oath to Congress in 1992.拉夫桑賈尼認為，沒有任何意義，他發明了他的驚喜到10月，他再次宣誓向國會在1992年。 He had nothing to gain – and a great deal to lose, he said.他有任何好處-以及大量喪失，他說。 “Who has ever paid me a single dime?” Hashemi asked. “誰付過我一個單一的毛？ ”拉夫桑賈尼問道。 “I had to pay all my lawyer’s fees. “我不得不支付所有的律師費。 What did I gain here?”我什麼增益呢？ “ Hashemi blamed the cover-up primarily on the attack strategy of Republican lawyers on the task force, particularly Richard Leon.拉夫桑賈尼指責掩蓋主要的攻擊策略，共和黨律師的工作隊，特別是理查德萊昂。 However, there were rewards in store for Leon.然而，有獎勵商店利昂。 After George W. Bush became President, grateful Republicans got Richard Leon a seat on the federal bench in Washington in 2002.在布什擔任總統，感謝共和黨理查德萊昂獲得一個席位的聯邦法官在華盛頓舉行的2002年。 As a District Court judge, Leon has performed as a reliably conservative jurist – at least until he surprised the Bush administration on Nov. 20 by ordering the release of those five Algerian “terror suspects.”作為一個地方法院法官，萊昂的表現作為一個可靠的保守的法學家-至少直到他感到驚訝，布什政府在1 1月2 0日下令釋放這五個阿爾及利亞“恐怖嫌疑人。 ” Robert Parry broke many of the Iran-Contra stories in the 1980s for the Associated Press and Newsweek.羅伯特帕里打破許多伊朗的故事在20世紀80年代的美聯社和新聞。 His latest book, Neck Deep: The Disastrous Presidency of George W. Bush, was written with two of his sons, Sam and Nat, and can be ordered at neckdeepbook.com.他的最新著作，頸深：災難性的總統喬治布什，寫與他的兩個兒子，薩姆和天然，可在neckdeepbook.com命令。 His two previous books, Secrecy & Privilege: The Rise of the Bush Dynasty from Watergate to Iraq and Lost History: Contras, Cocaine, the Press & ‘Project Truth’ are also available there.他前兩次的書籍，保密及權限：崛起布什王朝的水從伊拉克和失落的歷史：對比，可卡因，新聞＆ '項目真相'也可以有。 Or go to Amazon.com.或去Amazon.com 。 Have Your Say: The GOP Judge Who Bolted on Gitmo 你說：共和黨的法官誰螺栓上Gitmo Please read our請仔細閱讀我們的 posting guidelines before posting張貼在發布前的指導方針 . 。 Alternatively或者 you can discuss this report here你可以討論這份報告在這裡 . 。 Related News 相關新聞
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