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  | Translate: 翻译：               The GOP Judge Who Bolted on Gitmo共和党的法官谁螺栓上Gitmo Saturday, November 22nd, 2008 星期六， 2008年一十一月22号
By Robert Parry | consortiumnews.com由罗伯特帕里| consortiumnews.com To understand how thin the evidence must have been against five Algerians held at Guantanamo Bay for nearly seven years – and who were just ordered released by a US District Court judge – you have to know the history of that judge, Richard J. Leon.了解如何薄的证据必须是阿尔及利亚人对五名关押在关塔那摩近7年-，谁只是下令释放的美国联邦地方法院法官-你必须知道的历史，这名法官，理查德J利昂。 Earlier in his career – before getting appointed to the bench by George W. Bush in 2002 – Leon had been one of the most reliable Republican legal apparatchiks, skilled in steering investigations toward a desired partisan outcome, whatever the facts and the evidence might be.在职业生涯早期-才任命了替补席上，由美国总统布什在2 002年-莱昂已经是最可靠的共和党法律改造，技术指导调查迈向理想的结果党派，不管事实和证据可能。 So, in 1987, when Rep. Dick Cheney and his legal adviser David Addington were defending President Ronald Reagan and Vice President George HW Bush in the congressional Iran-Contra investigation – and devising legal arguments about inherent presidential powers – Richard Leon was there as a Republican senior counsel.因此，在1987年，当议员切尼和他的法律顾问，大卫阿丁顿是在保卫总统罗纳德里根和副总统老布什在国会伊朗调查-并制定法律论点的内在总统的权力-理查德莱昂是有作为共和党资深大律师。 In 1992, when a House task force was examining evidence that Reagan and Bush began their secret contacts with Iran’s Islamic regime in 1980 while trying to unseat President Jimmy Carter, Leon was the Republican point man to make sure nothing too damaging came out.在1992年，当时美国众议院专责小组正在研究的证据表明，里根和布什开始了秘密接触伊朗的伊斯兰政权，而在1980年试图推翻总统吉米卡特，莱昂是共和党点男子，以确保没有太多破坏出来。 Later in the 1990s, after Bill Clinton became President, Leon served as special counsel to the House Banking Committee for a highly partisan investigation that transformed Clinton’s minor Whitewater real estate deal into a big scandal.后来在20世纪90年代，在克林顿担任总统，莱昂担任特别顾问的众议院银行委员会的高度党派的调查，转化克林顿的小白水房地产交易成一个大丑闻。 In other words, if there was a politically sensitive probe that needed the answer to come out a certain way for Republicans, Richard Leon was one of their top go-to guys.换句话说，如果有一个敏感的政治问题，需要的答案出来以某种方式为共和党人，理查德莱昂是他们最走向球员。 Even as a federal judge, Leon reliably leaned the Republican way.即使是作为一个联邦法官，莱昂可靠的身子，共和党的方式。 He opposed the idea of having civilian judges handle cases regarding the indefinite incarceration of terror suspects whom President Bush had locked up at Guantanamo.他反对的想法民事法官办案就无限期关押恐怖嫌疑人布什总统已经锁定了在关塔那摩。 However, on Nov. 20, after a closed-door habeas corpus hearing where the Bush administration presented its secret evidence against six Algerian men, Leon ordered five of them released and blasted the weakness of the evidence.然而，在11月20日之后，闭门人身保护令的听证会时，布什政府提出了对秘密的证据6阿尔及利亚男子，莱昂下令5人获释，并抨击薄弱的证据。 Though still criticizing the US Supreme Court for requiring the government to show cause for keeping detainees locked up, Leon nevertheless added about the government’s evidence, “to rest [the men’s continued imprisonment] on so thin a reed would be inconsistent with this court’s obligation.”尽管仍然指责美国最高法院要求政府因由维持被拘留关起来，但莱昂说对政府的证据， “休息[男子继续监禁]上得如此之薄芦苇将不符合该法院的义务。 “ Leon said the government’s case, accusing five of the Algerians of planning to fight American troops in Afghanistan, relied on information from a single unnamed source.莱昂说，政府的情况下，指责五个阿尔及利亚人的规划，以打击美国军队在阿富汗，依赖于信息从一个单一消息来源。 However, Leon agreed to the continued incarceration of the sixth Algerian because Leon felt there was sufficient corroboration of that man’s links to al-Qaeda.然而，莱昂同意继续监禁的第六届阿尔及利亚莱昂认为，因为有足够的佐证该男子的联系基地。 Counted as Lucky算作幸运 Yet before the ruling was handed down, the Bush administration must have counted itself lucky to have drawn Leon for 24 of the habeas corpus hearings.然而，面前的裁决是流传，布什政府必须有个自己幸运地拥有莱昂提请的24人身保护听证会。 Leon had a long record of protecting the flanks of powerful Republicans caught up in national security scandals.莱昂有很长的记录，保护两翼强大的共和党陷入了国家安全丑闻。 In 1987, when President Reagan faced accusations that he authorized an off-the-books operation to send illicit assistance to the Nicaraguan contra rebels and to illegally ship military hardware to Iran, Leon stepped forward as deputy chief counsel on the Republican side of the Iran-Contra investigation. 1987年，当里根总统所面临的指控，他批准了帐外经营向非法援助尼加拉瓜反对叛乱分子和非法船舶军事硬件伊朗，莱昂挺身而出担任副首席律师在共和党方面伊朗-魂斗罗调查。 There, Leon worked with Dick Cheney, then a Wyoming congressman, fending off accusations of Reagan’s wrongdoing.在这里，莱昂与切尼，然后是怀俄明州众议员，抵御指责里根的不法行为。 They even came up with a counter-argument that accused Congress of intruding on the foreign policy prerogatives of the President.他们甚至想出了一个反论点，即被告人入侵国会对外交政策的特权的总统。 “Congressional actions to limit the President in this area … should be reviewed with a considerable degree of skepticism,” the Republican minority report said. “国会采取行动，以限制总统在这方面的...应加以审查，相当程度的怀疑， ”共和党少数报告说。 “If they interfere with the core presidential foreign policy functions, they should be struck down.” “如果他们干涉的核心总统的外交政策的职责，但他们应该击中了。 ” In 2005, when Cheney was defending his concept of George W. Bush’s nearly unlimited powers during wartime, the Vice President harkened back to that Iran-Contra minority report.在2005年时，切尼是捍卫他的概念，布什几乎无限的权力，在战争期间，副总统成熟这一伊朗少数报告。 “If you want reference to an obscure text, go look at the minority views that were filed with the Iran-Contra committee,” Cheney told a reporter. “如果你想提到一个不起眼的文字，去看看少数人的意见被提交给伊朗委员会” ，切尼告诉记者。 Cheney said those old arguments “are very good in laying out a robust view of the President’s prerogatives with respect to the conduct of especially foreign policy and national security matters.”切尼说，这些旧的论点“是非常好的奠定了强有力的看法总统的特权与尊重的行为尤其是外交政策和国家安全的问题。 ” One could say that Richard Leon – along with David Addington, now Cheney’s chief of staff, another strong advocate of expansive executive powers – was there at the birth of what became George W. Bush’s imperial presidency.可以说，理查德莱昂-与大卫阿丁顿，现在切尼的幕僚长，又大力主张广泛的行政权力-是在那里出生后来成为布什的帝国总统。 October Surprise Case 10月惊奇案件 Leon also came to the rescue in 1992 when evidence was mounting that Ronald Reagan and George HW Bush had started their illicit contacts with Iran even earlier than the Iran-Contra deals, back to Campaign 1980 when they allegedly interfered with President Carter’s efforts to gain the release of 52 US hostages held by Islamic radicals in Iran.莱昂也前来救援时，在1992年被越来越多的证据认为罗纳德里根和老布什已开始其非法与伊朗的接触甚至早于伊朗交易，回到1980年的运动时，他们涉嫌干预总统卡特的努力争取释放52名美国人质举行的伊斯兰激进分子在伊朗。 To examine this so-called “October Surprise” case, the House approved creation of a task force headed by Democratic Rep. Lee Hamilton and Republican Rep. Henry Hyde.审查这个所谓的“十月惊奇”案，众议院批准成立一个特别工作组领导的民主党众议员李汉密尔顿和共和党众议员海德。 Hamilton hired former prosecutor Lawrence Barcella as chief majority counsel and Hyde picked Richard Leon as chief minority counsel.汉密尔顿聘请前检察官劳伦斯Barcella大多数担任律师和海德挑选理查德莱昂担任少数民族律师。 From the start, however, the investigation seemed more determined to debunk the allegations of Republican wrongdoing than to seriously assess the evidence.从一开始，然而，调查似乎更坚定地揭穿指控的不当行为比共和党要认真评估的证据。 At one point, I went to the task force’s office and questioned Barcella and his assistant, Michael Zeldin, about this peculiar style of investigating.有一次，我去了工作队的办公室，并质疑Barcella和他的助手，迈克尔•泽尔丁，对这一特殊风格的调查。 Barcella and Zeldin pointed to Leon’s insistence that interviews with witnesses be conducted only with him or another Republican present. •泽尔丁Barcella和莱昂指出，坚持与证人面谈进行，只有在自己或他人的共和党本。 This stricture had sharply limited the task force’s ability to follow leads and develop new witnesses.这狭窄大幅度限制了工作队的能力，后续的线索和开发新的证人。 Indeed, some key October Surprise witnesses described to me how Leon sought to intimidate them into retracting their allegations about Republican wrongdoing.事实上，一些关键证人10月惊喜给我介绍如何寻求莱昂恐吓他们将撤消对他们的指控共和党的不法行为。 When these witnesses refused to alter their sworn testimony, they became the targets of the task force, more so than Reagan and Bush.当这些证人拒绝改变他们的宣誓证词，他们成为了目标，工作队，远远超过里根和布什。 Jamshid Hashemi, an Iranian businessman who had assisted the Clinton administration on the hostage issue in 1980, alleged that he and his brother Cyrus Hashemi also helped Reagan’s campaign chief William Casey arrange secret meetings with Iranian officials in Madrid in summer 1980. Jamshid拉夫桑贾尼，伊朗商人谁曾协助克林顿政府就人质问题在1980年，据称，他和他的弟弟赛勒斯拉夫桑贾尼还帮助里根的竞选班子负责人威廉凯西秘密会晤安排与伊朗官员在马德里1980年夏天。 However, after Jamshid Hashemi gave his account to the task force in 1992, he said Leon tried to pressure him to recant his allegations.然而，在Jamshid哈希米了他的帐户，以工作队于1992年，他说莱昂试图压力，他撤回他的指控。 “I found this Mr. Leon – who I knew as the ‘fat man’ – every time we had a break and my lawyer would go to the washroom, he would rush into my room where I was sitting and say, ‘come on, change the story’,” Jamshid Hashemi told me. “我发现这莱昂先生-我知道谁的'胖子' -每当我们有一个突破和我的律师将去洗手间，他就匆忙进入我的房间，我坐在说， '来吧，改变的故事， “ Jamshid拉夫桑贾尼告诉我的。 “I said I would not change my story at all. “我说我不会改变我的故事了。 The last time he opened the door, I said, ‘Get out of my office.上一次他打开门，我说， '走出我的办公室。 If you have anything to say, say it in front of my lawyer.’”如果您有什么话要说，说在我的律师。 “ Hashemi said Leon, rather than task force chief counsel Barcella, appeared to be running the October Surprise investigation with the goal of protecting Republicans, rather than getting at the truth.哈希米说，里昂，而不是工作队首席律师Barcella ，似乎是运行10月惊喜的调查，目的是保护共和党人，而不是在真理。 I received a similar account of Leon’s behavior from former Israeli intelligence official Ari Ben-Menashe, who testified that he and other Israelis helped arrange a Paris meeting in October 1980 involving Casey, George HW Bush and key Iranians.我收到了类似的到莱昂的行为由以色列前情报官员阿里本兰克，谁作证说，他和其他以色列人帮助安排在巴黎会议1980年10月，涉及凯西，老布什和关键的伊朗人。 Ben-Menashe said Leon demanded that he alter his sworn testimony as well.本兰克说，莱昂要求他改变他的宣誓证词以及。 Recently, when I spoke with Ben-Menashe, he reaffirmed that account and described Leon as “a Bush crony.”最近，当我与本兰克，他重申，帐户，并介绍莱昂是“布什的亲信。 ” Strange Conclusions奇怪的结论 So, despite substantial evidence of Reagan-Bush wrongdoing from more than a score of individuals, Leon helped persuade the task force to reject the October Surprise allegations, a finding made easier for the Democrats by their 1992 election victories that meant the end of the Reagan-Bush era.因此，尽管大量证据表明里根，布什不法行为从以上评分的个人，莱昂帮助说服工作队拒绝十月惊奇的指控，调查结果更容易为他们的民主党1992年大选的胜利，这意味着结束，里根布什时代。 Besides Hashemi and Ben-Menashe, the many individuals describing Republican guilt included: former Iranian president Abolhassan Bani-Sadr (who sent the task force a detailed account of the Iranian-Republican contacts from his view in Tehran); senior officials of the Palestine Liberation Organization who described overtures from Republicans seeking help in interfering in the hostage crisis; and French intelligence chief Alexandre deMarenches (who told his biographer about secret GOP-Iran hostage meetings in Paris, claims corroborated by other French intelligence officials).除了拉夫桑贾尼和本兰克，许多个人描述共和党内疚包括：伊朗前总统Abolhassan萨迪尔（谁派出工作组详细介绍了伊朗的共和党联系人从他的观点在德黑兰） ;高级官员的巴勒斯坦解放组织组织描述姿态谁从共和党寻求帮助干涉人质危机;和法国情报deMarenches长亚历山大（谁告诉他的传记作家的秘密共和党伊朗人质在巴黎举行会议，要求证实了法国情报官员） 。 Barcella told me years later that new evidence in support of the October Surprise allegations poured in late in the investigation, so much evidence that he urged Hamilton to extend the deadline for several months. Barcella告诉我，几年后，新的证据支持指控惊喜10月下旬投入的调查，这么多的证据表明，他敦促汉密尔顿的最后期限延长数月之久。 Hamilton, however, refused and ordered the probe wrapped up with a finding of Republican innocence.汉密尔顿，但拒绝，并下令调查结束了一个调查结果，共和党是清白的。 Complications for Leon, Hamilton and the other debunkers continued to arise, however.并发症的莱昂，汉密尔顿和其他debunkers不断出现，但。 On Jan. 11, 1993, just two days before the task force’s debunking report was scheduled for release, the Russian government sent an extraordinary report to Hamilton describing Moscow’s internal intelligence on the controversy. 1月11日， 1993年，仅前两天，工作队的揭露报告定于释放，俄罗斯政府派遣了一个特别报告，汉密尔顿介绍莫斯科的内部情报的争议。 The Russian report described Republican meetings with Iranians in Europe, including Casey’s trip to Madrid and the Paris meeting that the Russians also said involved George HW Bush and then-CIA officer Robert Gates (now US Defense Secretary).俄罗斯报告描述共和党会议，伊朗人在欧洲，包括凯西访问马德里和巴黎会议上，俄罗斯也表示，参与老布什和当时的中央情报局官员罗伯特盖茨（现在的美国国防部长） 。 Instead of making the Russian report public, the task force stuck it – and its startling information – in a cardboard box that was filed away with other classified and unclassified material from the investigation.相反，使俄罗斯的报告公开，工作队坚持到底-其惊人的信息-在一个纸箱这是提出了与其他分类和机密材料进行调查。 (I found the Russian report when I got access to the task force’s raw documents in 1994.) （我发现俄罗斯的报告当我进入工作队的原始文件在1994年。 ） While hiding the Russian report and other evidence supporting the October Surprise allegations, the House task force released its negative findings on Jan. 13, 1993, and went on the attack against the witnesses who had rejected Leon’s demands that they recant their testimony.虽然俄罗斯藏匿报告和其他证据支持指控10月惊喜，内务工作组发布了其负面结果将于1月13日， 1993年，并继续攻击证人谁拒绝了里昂的要求，他们撤回他们的证词。 In January 1993, task force leaks indicated that Jamshid Hashemi and Ari Ben-Menashe would be referred to the Justice Department for prosecution on perjury charges. 1993年1月，工作队泄漏指出， Jamshid拉夫桑贾尼和阿里本兰克将提交司法部起诉伪证罪的指控。 However, no such charges were ever filed.然而，没有这样的指控是以往任何时候都存档。 [For more details on the October Surprise case, see Robert Parry’s Secrecy & Privilege. [更多细节关于10月惊喜情况下，看到罗伯特帕里的保密和特权。 For the text of the Russian report, click here.全文俄罗斯的报告，请点击这里。 To view the actual US embassy cable that includes the Russian report, click here.]要查看实际的美国大使馆电缆，其中包括俄罗斯的报告，请点击这里。 ] Consistent Stories一贯的故事 Over the years, both Hashemi and Ben-Menashe have stuck to their stories.多年来，无论哈希米和本兰克坚持他们的故事。 When I re-interviewed Hashemi in 1997 about the October Surprise case, he said, “I thought it was my duty that the people in the United States should know.当我再次哈什采访约在1997年10月的惊喜情况，他说： “我觉得这是我的职责，人民在美国应该知道的。 They should know, they should be the judge of it.”他们应该知道，他们应该判断它。 “ Though Hashemi sat through my interview with the same gentlemanly style that I encountered when I first met him in 1990, he did flash with anger when I asked him about the House task force’s report.虽然坐在哈希米通过我的采访时同样的绅士风格，当我遇到我第一次见到他在1990年，他没有闪光灯与愤怒时，我问他对众议院专责小组的报告。 “Rubbish, that’s what I think,” steamed Hashemi. “垃圾，这是我认为， ”清蒸哈什。 “Just a whitewash of the whole situation. “就在粉饰的整个局势。 It’sa cover-up.”这是掩饰。 “ Hashemi argued that it made no sense for him to have invented his October Surprise account, which he repeated under oath to Congress in 1992.拉夫桑贾尼认为，没有任何意义，他发明了他的惊喜到10月，他再次宣誓向国会在1992年。 He had nothing to gain – and a great deal to lose, he said.他有任何好处-以及大量丧失，他说。 “Who has ever paid me a single dime?” Hashemi asked. “谁付过我一个单一的毛？ ”拉夫桑贾尼问道。 “I had to pay all my lawyer’s fees. “我不得不支付所有的律师费。 What did I gain here?”我什么增益呢？ “ Hashemi blamed the cover-up primarily on the attack strategy of Republican lawyers on the task force, particularly Richard Leon.拉夫桑贾尼指责掩盖主要的攻击策略，共和党律师的工作队，特别是理查德莱昂。 However, there were rewards in store for Leon.然而，有奖励商店利昂。 After George W. Bush became President, grateful Republicans got Richard Leon a seat on the federal bench in Washington in 2002.在布什担任总统，感谢共和党理查德莱昂获得一个席位的联邦法官在华盛顿举行的2002年。 As a District Court judge, Leon has performed as a reliably conservative jurist – at least until he surprised the Bush administration on Nov. 20 by ordering the release of those five Algerian “terror suspects.”作为一个地方法院法官，莱昂的表现作为一个可靠的保守的法学家-至少直到他感到惊讶，布什政府在1 1月2 0日下令释放这五个阿尔及利亚“恐怖嫌疑人。 ” Robert Parry broke many of the Iran-Contra stories in the 1980s for the Associated Press and Newsweek.罗伯特帕里打破许多伊朗的故事在20世纪80年代的美联社和新闻。 His latest book, Neck Deep: The Disastrous Presidency of George W. Bush, was written with two of his sons, Sam and Nat, and can be ordered at neckdeepbook.com.他的最新著作，颈深：灾难性的总统乔治布什，写与他的两个儿子，萨姆和天然，可在neckdeepbook.com命令。 His two previous books, Secrecy & Privilege: The Rise of the Bush Dynasty from Watergate to Iraq and Lost History: Contras, Cocaine, the Press & ‘Project Truth’ are also available there.他前两次的书籍，保密及权限：崛起布什王朝的水从伊拉克和失落的历史：对比，可卡因，新闻＆ '项目真相'也可以有。 Or go to Amazon.com.或去Amazon.com 。 Have Your Say: The GOP Judge Who Bolted on Gitmo 你说：共和党的法官谁螺栓上Gitmo Please read our请仔细阅读我们的 posting guidelines before posting张贴在发布前的指导方针 . 。 Alternatively或者 you can discuss this report here你可以讨论这份报告在这里 . 。 Related News 相关新闻
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