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Η αντίφαση της επιλογής από την κυβέρνηση

Δευτέρα, 25η Αυγούστου 2008
Προοδευτικό περιοδικό του Λονδίνου | Τα τσιτάτο αφθονούν στη ρητορική των πολιτικών και ποτέ πιό έτσι από όταν είναι η συζήτηση μεταρρύθμισης δημόσιου τομέα. Από τις τρέχουσες φράσεις που εμπρός η επιλογή `» και η ενδυνάμωση `» είναι δύο των συμπαθειών αλλά των οποίων επιλογή και των οποίων ενδυνάμωση; Και ενώ η δοκιμή του βουλευτή για να πλαισιώσει αυτές τις λέξεις ως συνώνυμα του δημόσιου οφέλους `», είναι επιλογή πάντα ένα καλό πράγμα;

Η υγεία και η εκπαίδευση είναι οι κύριες περιοχές όπου οι πολιτικοί βλέπουνε την επιλογή ως καλύτερο τρόπο τις υπηρεσίες. Επιλέγοντας όπου και ποια επεξεργασία για να πρέπει και ποιο σχολείο να στείλουν τα παιδιά σας είναι πολιτικές που και η εργασία και τα συντηρητικά συμβαλλόμενα μέρη ακολουθούν. Η φετινή αναθεώρηση Darzi που γίνεται τους ασθενείς» διορθώνει την εστίαση της αλλαγής, προτείνοντας ότι οι απόψεις ασθενών» σχετικά με την ποιότητα της προσοχής πρέπει να ασκήσουν επίδραση στη μελλοντική χρηματοδότηση, με τα επιδόματα για εκείνα τα ΠΣΤ και νοσοκομεία που παρέχουν τις καλύτερες υπηρεσίες. Επιπλέον, τα αποτελέσματα της υπομονετικής ικανοποίησης πρέπει να δημοσιευθούν δημιουργώντας μια μορφή NHS πίνακας ένωσης που επιτρέπει στους ασθενείς για να επιλέξει σε ποιο GP ή νοσοκομείο επιθυμούν να λάβουν την επεξεργασία τους.

Οι γονείς συνεχώς έχουν την υποχρέωση ότι με να να επιλεχτεί ποιο σχολείο για να στείλουν τα παιδιά τους παίρνουν μια καλύτερη διαπραγμάτευση από την κρατική εκπαίδευση. Οι κυβερνητικοί υπουργοί η επιλογή ως καλύτερο τρόπο να ταιριάξουν με οι εκπαιδευτικές ανάγκες ενός παιδιού το σχολείο που τοποθετείται καλύτερα για να τις ικανοποιήσει.

Η επιλογή όπως ορίζεται από αυτήν την κυβέρνηση, εντούτοις, οδηγεί στη συγκέντρωση, την καταστροφή των κοινοτήτων, την ιδιωτικοποίηση και την περιθωριοποίηση του φτωχότερου από τη διαδικασία. Η κληρονομιά επιλογής τους θα είναι λιγότερη επιλογή.

Οι πολυκλινικές είναι ένα τέλειο παράδειγμα αυτού. Οι ασθενείς έχουν την υποχρέωση ότι αυτές οι έξοχος-χειρουργικές επεμβάσεις θα οδηγήσουν σε περισσότερη επιλογή αλλά μια βασική επιλογή θα αφαιρεθεί: η επιλογή για να πάει στο κοινοτικό νοσοκομείο σας ή GP. Οι ηλικιωμένοι ασθενείς, που πρέπει συχνά να επιδιώξουν τις ιατρικές συμβουλές, θα δουν τις σχέσεις τους με το γιατρό τους που καταστρέφεται και θα αναγκαστούν να ταξιδεψουν τις μη πρακτικές αποστάσεις.

NHS οι πίνακες ένωσης, εμφανιμένος να αυξάνουν την υπομονετική επιλογή, είναι στην πραγματικότητα ακριβώς ένας άλλος τρόπος περισσότερους στόχους. Επιπλέον, εάν οι ασθενείς τους χρησιμοποιούν για να λάβουν τις αποφάσεις για τις οποίες το νοσοκομείο για να πάει αυτοί θα διαπιστώσει ότι η επιλογή αφαιρείται. A hospital which scores poorly in the table will receive less funding, therefore their results will get worse and fewer patients will choose them. As this spiral continues services will have to be closed down as they will no longer be efficient and then you no longer have a choice.

Choices can also be confusing, stressful and in the end you can always make the wrong one. When it comes to medicine my knowledge is possibly not as comprehensive as that of a qualified and experienced practitioner. I would, therefore, rather know that all hospitals and surgeries are clean and friendly and then allow my GP to refer me to the nearest one where I could receive the required treatment.

The government’s promise to give every parent a choice of secondary school for their child was proved a myth again this year with figures showing the number of pupils getting their first choice of school has dropped. As parents understandably clamour to get their children in to schools high up the league tables the idea of going to your local school is becoming a nostalgic notion, with over half of children not going to their nearest school. Commuting to school is detrimental to community development and the environment.

Worse still any benefits of the current policy are going to the wealthiest. A report by Bristol University found that disadvantaged families miss out in the current system and even in the same postcodes poorer families end up at the lower-performing schools. Expanding the better performing schools may not be possible as “giving popular schools the freedom to expand does not mean they will do so. To the extent that a school’s position in the league tables depends on the attainment of its intake, schools may be unwilling to increase and potentially to dilute the quality of their student body,” said Professor Burgess.

Whilst ‘good’ schools cream off the best pupils the rest are left with lower league table results and less people ‘choosing’ to go there. Some of the best teachers may leave and in worse case scenarios the school maybe closed. As with hospitals the choice is then removed. Furthermore, expanding the best schools and shrinking or closing the rest as suggested will result in huge institutions where education suffers. American researchers are leading the way in analysing the impacts of school size.

Craig Howley, of Ohio University, and Robert Bickel, of Marshall University, looked at whether smaller schools could reduce the negative effects of poverty on student achievement. They found that the correlation between poverty and low achievement was ten times stronger in larger schools than in smaller ones. “Everyone knows that there is a strong association between social class and achievement and that this association works very much to the disadvantage of economically disadvantaged students,” Bickel told Education World. “The California research, however, had the virtue of demonstrating that this disadvantage was exaggerated as school size increased.”

One in seven pupils in England are now in a secondary school with over 1,500 students and the number of pupils in schools of over 2,000 has doubled since 1997. Promoting choice is driving these figures ever higher. If you thought a change of government would bring about a change of direction then, like in most areas, the differences between Labour and the Conservatives are negligible. In a letter this week to local residents, Philip Dunne, Conservative MP for South Shropshire wrote: ‘We believe that the best way to enhance the power of patients is through choice.

We will allow patients to choose, in consultation with their GP, where they get their secondary care. And we will ensure that money follows the patient so that hospitals and clinics and other care providers are paid according to the results they deliver for that patient.’ Once again, it seems, Labour equals Conservative and the public is left without an alternative.

When ministers speak of choice what they really mean is installing the practice of privatised competition in the public sector. Not even the most ardent free-market Tory would openly pursue a fully privatised health or education service; it would be electoral suicide. All politicians know this so instead they are doing it under the radar masked by the promise of choice.

Genuine, useful choice and universal empowerment are great things which should be strived for but do not confuse them with current government policy. Next time you get excited by the prospect of politicians offering you a choice think again as it’s not always a good thing.



Have Your Say: The Contradiction of Choice from the Government
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