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 | Translate: 翻译：               The Asian Brown Cloud: Global Climate Chaos and Tropical Glaciers亚洲褐云：全球气候混乱和热带冰川 Friday, November 14th, 2008 星期五， 2008年11月14号 Colonos | The United Nations have released 联合国已经发布 a report on the phenomenon dubbed as the Asian Brown Cloud 一份关于这一现象被称为亚洲褐云 , which is a thick soup of human waste engulfing Asia, and which has been ，这是一个羹的人力浪费席卷亚洲，并已 widely 广 reported 报告 : ： “A dirty brown haze sometimes more than a mile thick is darkening skies not only over vast areas of Asia, but also in the Middle East, southern Africa and the Amazon Basin, changing weather patterns around the world and threatening health and food supplies, the UN reported Thursday. “一个肮脏的褐色烟雾有时超过一英里厚的是昏暗的天空不仅广大的亚洲地区，而且在中东，南部非洲和亚马逊河流域，气候变化在世界各地，并威胁健康和食品供应，联合国报道。 The huge smog-like plumes, caused mainly by the burning of fossil fuels and firewood, are known as “atmospheric brown clouds.” 巨大的烟雾状羽毛，主要是燃烧矿物燃料和木柴，被称为“大气棕色云。 ” When mixed with emissions of carbon dioxide and other gases blamed for warming the earth’s atmosphere like a greenhouse, they are the newest threat to the global environment, according to a report commissioned by the UN Environment Program.” 当混合排放的二氧化碳和其他气体排放造成气候变暖的地球大气层像一个温室，它们是最新的威胁，对全球环境的一份报告称，由联合国环境计划。 “ In印第安纳州 the report itself it reads 报告本身读取 : ： “One of the most serious problems highlighted in the report is the documented retreat of the Hind Kush-Himalayan-Tibetan glaciers, which provide the head-waters for most Asian rivers, and thus have serious implications for the water and food security of Asia” “一个最严重的问题，报告中所强调的是记载务虚欣德兴都库什，喜马拉雅，西藏的冰川，它提供了头水域亚洲大多数河流，从而严重影响了水和粮食安全的亚洲” This taken together with the alarming development all over the world, but particularly with regards to propical glaciers in South America, mainly Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia, it is looking more and more like game over soon.这连同令人震惊的发展在世界各地，但特别是对propical冰川在南美洲，主要是厄瓜多尔，秘鲁和玻利维亚，它是越来越像游戏超过很快。 There really isn’t much time left.实在没有多少时间了。 The Asian Brown cloud, first reported on in 2002 has now grown to a full scale threat of immanent disaster.亚洲褐云，第一次报告在2002年已增长到全面的威胁，内在的灾难。 Water is running out, the Himalayan glaciers whose decay are accelerated by the Asian Brown Cloud feed around 2 billion people with water to drink and to grow crops.水已经不多了，在喜马拉雅冰川的加速衰变是由亚洲褐云饲料约2亿人饮用水和种植作物。 Now go figure…现在的数字... In the summer of 2008, colonos did research for and delivered a series of workshops about climate change for indigenous people of the Ecuadorian Amazon and the Peruvian Andes.在2008年夏天， colonos没有研究，并发表了一系列的研讨会有关气候变化对土著人民的厄瓜多尔亚马孙地区和秘鲁安第斯山脉。 Our findings were shocking, here in我们的调查结果令人震惊，在这里 the words quoted from a World Bank report 引用的话来自世界银行的一份报告 , not exactly the frame of reference we would normally choose, but the institution’s corporate bias puts things in an illuminating perspective: ，而不是完全的参考框架，我们通常会选择，但该机构的企业的偏见了事情的启发性的观点： “About 99 percent of the Chacaltaya glacier in Bolivia has disappeared since 1940, says World Bank engineer Walter Vergara, in his new report, “The Impacts of Climate Change in Latin America. “大约百分之九十九的Chacaltaya在玻利维亚冰川已经消失自从1940年以来，世界银行表示，工程师沃尔特尔加拉，在他的新报告， ”气候变化的影响，在拉丁美洲。 One of the highest glaciers in South America, Chacaltaya is one of the first glaciers to melt due to climate change. 其中最高的冰川在南美洲， Chacaltaya是第一个冰川融化造成气候变化的影响。 Although the glacier is over 18,000 years old, it is expected to vanish this year. 虽然冰川超过1.8万年岁，预计将在今年消失。 “The greenhouse gases are the main driver,” says Vergara. “的温室气体的主要驱动力说， ”尔加拉。 “The scientific community has a consensus - this is man made.” “科学界有一个共识-这是男子。 ” Within the next 5-8 years, on a conservative estimate, more than 30 million people in Bolivia, Peru and Ecuador will be without water, in particular in the big cities, La Paz, Lima and Quito在今后5-8年内，在保守的估计，超过30万人在玻利维亚，秘鲁和厄瓜多尔将没有水，特别是在大城市，拉巴斯，利马和基多 and the problems have already begun 这些问题已经开始 : ： “The effect of diminishing glaciers is most evident in El Alto, an indigenous community of 800,000 people perched above the capital of La Paz. “影响冰川减少最明显地体现在埃尔阿托，土著社区的高达800000人以上的首都拉巴斯。 Waves of mostly Aymara immigrants - the satellite city is growing at between 5 percent and 10 percent a year - arrive daily, fleeing the poverty of their native highlands. 一波又一波的移民大多艾马拉-卫星城市之间的增长百分之五和百分之十一年-到达每天，逃避贫穷的本国高地。 With the disappearance of glacial water supplies and a decrepit and poorly managed water company, the city could soon suffer a severe water shortage, experts say” (Murphy 2008) 随着冰川消失的水供应和一个破旧和管理不善自来水公司，城市可能很快就会受到严重缺水专家称， “ （墨菲2008年） Living as we do in a world of accelerated urbanisation where already the majority of the world’s population live in cities the pressure for the circulation of water is因为我们生活在这样一个世界城市化的加速已经在世界上大多数人口居住在城市的压力流通的水 increased dramatically and the problems thus intensified 急剧增加的问题，从而加强 : ： “Ecuador’s Quito draws 50% of its water supply from the glacial basin, and Bolivia’s La Paz, 30%. “厄瓜多尔的基多提请其50 ％的供水来自冰川盆地，玻利维亚的拉巴斯， 30 ％以上。 The volume of the lost glacier surface of Peru is equivalent to 7,000 million cubic meters of water, that is about ten years of water supply for Lima.” 该卷的损失冰川表面的秘鲁，相当于到7000万立方米的水，这是10年左右的供水利马。 “ To get an idea of the scale of the problem already today it may be useful, for some, to think in terms of the lost production capacity in hydroelectricity plants, due to less water running down from the soon to be extinct glaciers (same source as above):要了解这个问题的严重性已经今天它可能是有益的，对于某些人来说，想从失去生产能力，水力发电厂，由于运行较少的水从即将灭绝的冰川（同一来源段） ： “The impact of Andean glacier retreat on the local economy is formidable. “的影响安第斯冰川退缩对当地经济是非常艰巨的。 For example in Peru, the annual incremental cost to the power sector is estimated at US$1.5 billion”. 例如，在秘鲁，每年的增量成本，以电力部门估计为15亿美元。 “ It will also be instructive to take a global view.它也将启发采取全球性的观点。 The那个 World Glacier Monitoring Service (WGMS) writes 世界冰川监测服务（ WGMS ）写入 : ： “Some of the most dramatic shrinking has taken place in Europe with Norway’s Breidalblikkbrea glacier thinning by close to 3.1 metres (2.9 metre water equivalent) during 2006 compared with a thinning of 0.3 metres (0.28 metres water equivalent) in the year 2005. 他说： “一些最引人注目的缩小已在欧洲，挪威的Breidalblikkbrea冰川减薄了近3.1米（ 2.9米水当量）相比，在2006年与变薄0.3米（ 0.28米水当量）在2005年。 Other dramatic shrinking has been registered at Austria’s Grosser Goldbergkees glacier, 1.2 metres in 2006 versus 0.3 in 2005; France’s Ossoue glacier, nearly 3 metres versus around 2.7 metres in 2005; Italy’s Malavalle glacier 1.4 metres versus around 0.9 metres in 2005; Spain’s Maladeta glacier, nearly 2 metres versus 1.6 metres in 2005; Sweden’s Storglaciaeren glacier, 1.8 metres versus close to 0.080 metres in 2005 and Switzerland’s Findelen glacier, 1.3 metres versus 0.22 metres in 2005.” 其他戏剧性的萎缩已登记在奥地利的大Goldbergkees冰川， 1.2米在2006年的0.3在2005年法国的Ossoue冰川，近3米，与2.7米左右， 2005年意大利的Malavalle冰川1.4米与0.9米左右在2005年西班牙的Maladeta冰川，近2米， 1.6米，与2005年瑞典的Storglaciaeren冰川， 1.8米与接近0.080米，在2005年和瑞士的Findelen冰川， 1.3米与0.22米，于2005年。 “ Deglaciation is an effect of climate change. Deglaciation是影响气候变化的影响。 A major cause of climate change is deforestation, a problem that the indigenous people of the Amazon know very well.一个重要原因，气候变化是森林砍伐，一个问题是，土著人民亚马逊非常清楚地知道。 The relation between deglaciation and deforestation is of course very complex, but in its simplicity is also shows what prominent climate change researcher, James Hansen at NASA, identifies as positive feedback loops in the climatic systems.之间的关系deglaciation和毁林当然是非常复杂的，但在它的简单也显示了突出的气候变化研究，詹姆斯汉森在美国航天局，确定了积极的反馈回路中的气候系统。 ( This is very simplified and quickly written ) - When the output of a process becomes an input into the same process you have a positive feedback loop, which means that a system can run amok, since it keeps accelerating, in the crudest of terms. （ 这是非常简化，并迅速书面） -当输出的过程成为一个投入同样的过程你有一个积极的反馈循环，这意味着系统可以为所欲为，因为它不断加快，在粗暴的条件。 That is what is happening on various fronts in terms of climate change.这是发生在各条战线上而言，气候变化的影响。 The melting ice caps means that less sun is reflected and therefore more heart trapped in the Earth’s atmosphere, but the melting of the ice was caused by increased heat being trapped in the first place by the release of在冰盖融化意味着不到太阳是反映，因此更心被困在地球的大气层，但融化的冰，造成增加热量被困在首位的释放 green house gasses 大棚气体 . 。 Moreover, the increase in dark surface (or oceans) means that even more heat is trapped.此外，增加在黑暗表面（或海洋）的手段，甚至更多的热量是被困井下。 More and more.越来越多的。 The thawing of permafrost releases greenhouse gases trapped underneath its protective frozen, or, rather, melting shield, causing even more permafrost to give way for more gases.解冻的永冻土释放温室气体被困在其保护冻结，或者说，盾构融化，造成更冻土让路更气体的排放。 The Asian Brown Cloud both attracts more heat as well we cause cooling in some places, but the mixture of the two leads to further climate chaos and irregularities on a sub-continent where they used to say that you could set your clock after the monsoon.亚洲褐云都吸引了更多的热量，以及我们事业的冷却在一些地方，但混合的两个进一步导致了气候混乱和不规范的一个子大陆，他们曾经说过，你可以设定时钟后，季风。 Hot and cold and irregular weather and an acceleration of deglaciation in the Himalayas and dramatically increased “food security issues” beyond the glacially dependent regions, those are the “facts”,冷热和不规则的天气和加速deglaciation在喜马拉雅山脉和显着增加“粮食安全问题”以外的glacially依赖地区，这些都是“事实” ， even if some cooling occurs 即使出现一些降温 : ： “Globally however brown clouds may be countering or ‘masking’ the warming impacts of climate change by between 20 and up to 80 per cent the researchers suggest. “然而在全球范围内褐色云层可能是对付或'掩盖'全球变暖的气候变化影响的20至高达百分之八十的研究人员认为。 This is because of particles such as sulfates and some organics which reflect sunlight and cool the surface. 这是因为粒子，如硫酸盐和一些有机物，反映阳光和凉爽的表面。 The cloud is also having impacts on air quality and agriculture in Asia increasing risks to human health and food production for three billion people.” 云也影响了空气质量和农业在亚洲越来越大的风险对人类健康和粮食生产3亿人。 “ It is all connected.这是所有连接。 Deforestation is predominantly directly human made, but the last few years in the Amazon, with less rain and less water running down from the glaciers have accelerated deforestation because non-human made forest fires are occurring on large scale in the Amazon, producing clouds not entirely unlike the Asian Black Cloud.砍伐森林主要是直接人力，但过去几年在亚马逊，减少大雨和运行较少的水从冰川加速森林砍伐，因为非人类作出的森林火灾发生大规模在亚马逊，生产的云彩不完全不同的是亚洲乌云。 The output of climate change has become inputs and when processes accelerate in this manner we reach what输出的气候变化已成为投入和加速时的进程中，我们以这种方式达到什么 Hansen calls tipping points 汉森呼吁引爆点 : ： “The Earth’s climate is nearing, but has not passed, a tipping point beyond which it will be impossible to avoid climate change with far-ranging undesirable consequences. “地球的气候正在接近，但还没有通过，一个临界点以外，将不可能避免气候变化范围广泛的不良后果。 These include not only the loss of the Arctic as we know it, with all that implies for wildlife and indigenous peoples, but losses on a much vaster scale due to rising seas. 这些因素不仅包括损失的北极我们所知道的一切，这意味着对野生动物和土著民族，但损失更大规模无处不由于海平面上升。 Ocean levels will increase slowly at first, as losses at the fringes of Greenland and Antarctica due to accelerating ice streams are nearly balanced by increased snowfall and ice sheet thickening in the ice sheet interiors. 各级海洋慢慢将增加在第一，亏损的边缘格陵兰岛和南极由于加速冰流几乎是平衡的降雪量的增加和冰盖厚度的冰层内部。 But as Greenland and West Antarctic ice is softened and lubricated by meltwater, and as buttressing ice shelves disappear because of a warming ocean, the balance will tip toward the rapid disintegration of ice sheets. 但是，格陵兰岛和南极西部冰软化和润滑的融化的雪水，并作为支撑的冰架消失，因为气候变暖海洋，余额将冰山迅速走向解体的冰盖。 The Earth’s history suggests that with warming of two to three degrees, the new sea level will include not only most of the ice from Greenland and West Antarctica, but a portion of East Antarctica, raising the sea level by twenty-five meters, or eighty feet. 地球的历史表明，随着气候变暖的2至3摄氏度，新的海平面将不仅包括大部分从格陵兰岛冰层和西南极洲，但部分东南极洲，提高海平面二五米，或八〇英尺。 Within a century, coastal dwellers will be faced with irregular flooding associated with storms. 在一个世纪以来，沿海居民将面临洪水不规则相关的风暴。 They will have to continually rebuild above a transient water level.” (James Hansen 2006) 他们将不断重建瞬态以上水位。 “ （詹姆斯汉森2006 ） Hansen leaves no doubt about where to find those responsible for human made climate change on a global and threatening scale.汉森离开毫无疑问，在哪里可以找到那些负有责任的人提出气候变化对全球威胁和规模。 In 1988 Hansen spoke before the US Congress and said that we can be 99% sure that climate change is human made and in 2008 he returned to speak before congress, now certain not only of what causes climate change, but also about who to hold responsible, namely CEOs of corporations that are “汉森在1988年之前，以美国国会和说，我们可以肯定99 ％ ，气候变化是人类的进展和在2008年他回到国会面前发言，现在某些不仅是什么原因导致气候变化，而且还对谁负责举行，即跨国公司的CEO是“ fully aware of the disinformation about climate change they are spreading 充分认识到虚假的气候变化，他们正在蔓延 ” (and causing). “ （造成） 。 That would in other words be the leading capitalists in the oil and energy sectors of the market.这将换言之，是主要的资本家在石油和能源部门的市场份额。 These climate change stories can be seen as evidence that the capitalist market place and mode of production are unsustainable: they use more resources than the world can regenerate with disasters already occurring.这些气候变化的故事可以被视为证据表明，资本主义的市场和生产模式是不可持续的：他们使用更多的资源比世界可以再生的自然灾害已经发生。 Conclusion: industrial capitalism is bad for you! Act NOW! 结论：工业资本主义是坏的你！法从速！ For else, where do the children play? 对于别人，哪里的孩子玩？ Have Your Say: The Asian Brown Cloud: Global Climate Chaos and Tropical Glaciers 你说：亚洲褐云：全球气候混乱和热带冰川 Please read our请仔细阅读我们的 posting guidelines before posting张贴在发布前的指导方针 . 。 Alternatively或者 you can discuss this report here你可以讨论这份报告在这里 . 。 2 Responses to “The Asian Brown Cloud: Global Climate Chaos and Tropical Glaciers”第2反应“亚洲褐云：全球气候混沌和热带冰川”
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