Sweatshops on Trial in North Carolina血汗工厂的审判在北卡罗莱纳州
By 通过 Phil Mattera 菲尔mattera | In April, I |在四月，我 wrote写 about the efforts of my son Thomas and other students at the University of North Carolina to get UNC’s administration to endorse the约的努力，我的儿子托马斯和其他学生在北卡罗莱纳大学取得UNC的政府赞同 Designated Suppliers Program指定供应商计划 (DSP), an initiative that seeks to improve the abysmal working conditions of employees at companies that produce university logo apparel—a big business for schools such as Carolina. （ DSP ）的，一项倡议，旨在改善糟糕的工作条件，员工在公司的生产大学logo服装的一大事业，为学校，如北卡罗来纳州。
After在…之后 pressing迫切 the matter for many months without getting a response, UNC student activists launched a sit-in this spring at the building containing the office of Chancellor James Moeser.此事许多个月没有得到回应，联合国军司令部学生活动分子发起了静坐在今年春天在建设载办公室校长詹姆斯moeser 。 The hope was that Moeser, who was planning to leave UNC, would resolve the DSP issue before departing.希望是moeser ，谁是计划离开联合国军司令部，将解决问题的DSP之前离境。 The administration tolerated the occupation (with certain ground rules) but dragged its feet on the supplier issue. Finally, on May 2, after the sit-in had continued for 16 days, Moeser announced he would not act on the DSP.政府当局不能容忍的占领（与某些规则） ，但拖了其立足于供应商的问题。最后，于五月二日后，静坐在持续了16天， moeser宣布，他不会采取行动的DSP 。 This prompted students to occupy his personal office.这促使学生占据他的个人办公室。 After police arrived and arrested one activist, most of the protesters left.之后，警方抵达，并拘捕1活动家，大部分的示威者离开。 Those who remained, including Thomas, were eventually arrested and charged with “failure to disperse.” Salma Mirza, the only one who went limp when taken into custody, was also charged with resisting arrest.这些谁仍然存在，包括托马斯，最后被拘捕，并被控以“失败驱散” 。萨尔玛米尔扎，只有一个谁去跛行时，考虑到保管，还被控拒捕。
Yesterday, the five anti-sweatshop activists had their day in court in Chapel Hill.昨天，五反血汗工厂活动家，他们每天在法庭上的Chapel Hill 。 The charges, all misdemeanors, were heard in Orange County District Court right across from campus on Franklin Street, the main student shopping strip and the place where UNC fans celebrate major basketball victories.收费，所有的轻罪，听取了在奥兰治县地方法院的权利，整个校园就Franklin街，主要的学生购物带和地方的UNC球迷庆祝的重大篮球的胜利。 District Court normally deals with mundane matters such as traffic violations, so it caused a stir when the five defendants, all wearing blue t-shirts emblazoned with the slogan “Justice for All Workers,” showed up with their pro bono legal team—led by veteran civil rights lawyer Al McSurely—and supporters who filled the gallery.地方法院通常处理世俗的事项，例如交通违规，因此它引起了轰动，当五名被告，身穿蓝色T恤，印有口号是“正义为所有工人， ”表明了他们的无偿法律团队领导的资深公民权利的律师基地mcsurely和支持者谁填补了画廊。
The defendants’ plea of not guilty was followed by a three-hour trial presided over by Judge Pat Devine without a jury.被告拒不认罪并随后进行了长达三小时的审判主持法官的八Devine ）在没有陪审团参与。 The prosecution’s case consisted of the testimony of four police officers and a video of the arrests.起诉的案件构成的证词，四名警务人员及录影带的人被捕。 As his first defense witness, McSurely called on Mirza, who started to give a detailed description of the sweatshop problem and the campaign to get universities to sign on to the DSP (around 45 have done so).作为他的第一防御证人， mcsurely所谓对米尔扎，谁开始给予详细说明对血汗工厂的问题和运动，获得大学签署关于向DSP的（约45有这样做） 。 When the prosecution objected, Judge Devine refused to rule the background testimony irrelevant but said that no more than five minutes could be devoted to it.当控方反对，法官Devine ）拒绝排除背景的证词无关，但表示不会超过五分钟，可专门为它投入。 In doing so, the judge made it clear she was taking it for granted that the students were justified in arguing that supplier factories were abusive and that the UNC administration was complicit.在这样做时，法官很清楚，她把它理所当然地认为，学生的理由认为，供应商，工厂，辱骂，并认为联合国军司令部，政府当局共犯。 The administration, though not a party to the case and not represented at the trial, was in effect being found guilty of enabling worker exploitation.政府当局表示，虽然不是党的案件，并没有派代表出席了审判，是在效果被发现有罪，使工人的剥削。
McSurely’s other objective was to have the charges against the five students dismissed. mcsurely的其他目标是有控告五名学生被解雇。 He sought to do this in several ways: he argued that the exact charge of “failure to disperse” was inappropriate in the circumstances; he elicited testimony from the students that they had never heard a final warning that they would be subject to arrest if they did not leave the chancellor’s office; he had Linda Gomaa, the first to be arrested, testify that she was taken into custody before any kind of warning was given; and he argued that Mirza’s behavior did not constitute resisting arrest.他要求这样做在几个方面：他认为，确切负责“的失败驱散”是不恰当的在这种情况下，他的证词引起了从学生，他们从未听说过的最后警告说，他们会受到逮捕，如果他们没有离开校长的办公室，他已琳达戈马，首先被逮捕，作证，她被拘留之前，任何形式的警告;和他争辩说，米尔扎的行为并不构成拒捕。
McSurely also presented a necessity defense, arguing that even if the students technically broke the law, they should be found not guilty because their actions were in pursuit of a higher good. mcsurely还提出了国防的必要性 ，认为即使学生在技术上违反了法律，他们应该找到不认罪，因为他们的行动是在追求更高的好。 This was buttressed, for example, by the testimony of defendant Tim Stallmann that the university had previously improved the working conditions of the campus housekeeping staff after students staged protests and engaged in civil disobedience.这是支撑，例如，通过的证词，被告添stallmann认为，大学以前改善了工作条件，校园，工地的工作人员后，学生抗议，并在从事公民抗命。
Judge Devine did not accept any of those arguments.法官Devine ）不接受任何的这些论点。 She concluded that the defendants knew they were crossing a line when they moved the sit-in to the the chancellor’s office; that the police adequately warned the students they would be arrested if they didn’t leave the premises; and that Mirza’s behavior constituted resisting arrest.她在总结时指出，被告知道他们过线时，他们提出的静坐在向校长的办公室;表示，警方充分警告学生，他们将被逮捕，如果他们不离开处所;和米尔扎'行为构成拒捕。 She also rejected the necessity defense, agreeing with the prosecutor that there was insufficient “nexus” between the actions of the students and the ending of worker exploitation.她也拒绝了国防部的必要性，同意与检察官有足够的“关系”之间的行动，学生和结束剥削工人。
The judge, however, made it clear she had enormous respect for the five students, each of whom had been called by McSurely to testify about their commitment to social and economic justice.法官，不过，很清楚她有着巨大的尊重，为5名学生，每个人已被所谓的mcsurely作证，对他们的承诺，社会和经济正义。 Sarah Hirsch, for example, described her work with莎拉赫希，例如，描述她的工作与 Witness for Peace证人和平 , and Thomas mentioned that he had just completed a ten-week program with a non-profit called ，和托马斯提到，他刚刚完成了10周的计划与一个非营利性的所谓 Bike and Build自行车和建设 , during which he and others cycled across the country and worked on Habit for Humanity-type housing projects along the way.期间，他和其他骑自行车该国各地和工作的习惯，为人类型住房项目在前进的道路上。
After the prosecutor indicated the state was not seeking harsh penalties, Judge Devine in effect imposed no sentences at all.之后，检察官表示，该国不寻求严厉的惩罚，法官在Devine ）的影响并没有强加给服刑所有。 Instead, she entered a “prayer for judgment continued,” a procedure—unique to North and South Carolina, it seems—in which there is a finding of guilt but no formal conviction is entered on the defendant’s record.相反，她进入了一个“祈祷的判断续说： ”一个程序-独特的北部和南卡罗来纳州，这似乎-在其中是有发现有罪，但没有正式的信念是进入对被告的纪录。
All parties got what they wanted.各方都得到他们想要的东西。 The prosecutor got a finding of guilt, the police were vindicated in their actions, and the students got an opportunity to highlight the sweatshop issue in court and ended up with the mildest possible adverse ruling.检察官找到了罪恶感，警方平反，在他们的行动，和学生得到一个机会，以突出血汗工厂的问题，在法庭上结束了与温和可能产生的不利裁决。 The only real loser was the UNC administration, whose intransigence on the DSP issue emerged from the trial looking even more unreasonable.唯一真正的输家是政府的UNC ，其顽固立场对DSP的问题，出现了从审判寻找更不合理。
Have Your Say: Sweatshops on Trial in North Carolina 你说：血汗工厂的审判在北卡罗莱纳州
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