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 | Translate: 翻譯：               Record Corporate Bailout Reveals the Bankruptcy of American Capitalism記錄企業的救助，揭示了破產的美國資本主義 Sunday, September 14th, 2008 週日， 2008年9月14日 WSWS wsws | The US government takeover of the mortgage finance giants Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac has dealt a shattering blow to the ideology of market capitalism, which has been used for decades to justify a relentless assault on the working class and a vast transfer of wealth to the American ruling elite. |美國政府收購的按揭貸款巨頭Fannie Mae的和Freddie Mac已處理1破滅的打擊，思想市場資本主義，其中已使用了幾十年的理由無情的毆打關於工人階級和廣大財富轉移給美國統治精英。 The endless invocations of the virtues of private enterprise, individual entrepreneurship and self-reliance, used to demonize socialism and defend a system that exploits the vast majority for the benefit of a financial elite, have been exposed as frauds.無休止的調用的美德，民營企業，個體企業家精神和自力更生，用醜化和捍衛社會主義制度，利用絕大多數為造福金融精英，已暴露了作為詐騙。 When it comes to big capital, losses are socialized.當談到大資本，是社會的損失。 Only profits remain private.只有利潤仍然是私人。 The same forces who year after year have inveighed against “big government” in order to justify the removal of all legal impediments to the accumulation of corporate profits and private fortunes, and carry out the destruction of social safeguards for the working class, have engineered a massive expansion of government power to safeguard the interests of the financial elite.同時勢力誰年復一年有inveighed反對“大政府”在為了證明清除所有法律障礙的積累，企業獲利和私人財富，並進行破壞，社會保障，勞動階層，有工程一大規模擴展政府權力的利益得到保障金融精英。 The bailout has as well exposed the real relations of political power and influence behind the façade of American democracy.已救助，以及暴露了真正的關係，政治權力和影響力背後的外觀，美國的民主。 The largest government bailout of private companies in world history—whose ultimate cost to taxpayers is likely to reach hundreds of billions—was sanctioned in advance by the Democratic Congress and given instant approval by the leadership of both parties and both of their presidential candidates.最大的政府救助的私營公司在世界歷史上-其最終的成本向納稅人是可能達到數千億-被制裁在事先由民主黨國會和給予即時批准的領導當事雙方和雙方他們的總統候選人。 There have been no investigations into the greatest financial scandal in world history.有沒有調查，最大的金融醜聞，在世界歷史。 Neither party has any interest in bringing to light the swindling and skullduggery of the Wall Street moguls, because they are both bound hand and foot to those responsible for the financial debacle.任何一方都沒有有任何的興趣，使燈光詐騙和skullduggery的華爾街巨頭，因為他們都是約束手和腳那些負責財政崩潰。 What has been revealed is the existence in the United States, behind the increasingly tattered veneer of democratic institutions, of a plutocracy—the political rule of the rich.已發現的存在是在美國，背後的日益tattered單板的民主制度，一個plutocracy -政治法治的豐富。 When it comes to the basic interests of the financial aristocracy, both parties and all of the official institutions of society snap to attention and do the bidding of their Wall Street masters.當談到的根本利益，金融貴族，當事雙方和所有的官方機構的社會管理單元，以重視和做好招投標的其華爾街的主人。 The bailout of the two mortgage giants—which account for 80 percent of new home mortgages in the US—is a demonstration of the historic failure of American capitalism and the profit system on a global scale.救助的兩個按揭巨人-佔80 ％的新的住房抵押貸款在美國是一個示範的歷史性失敗，美國資本主義和利潤系統在全球範圍內。 It was precipitated by the deepest economic crisis since the Depression of the 1930s, whose epicenter is the United States.這是沉澱最深的經濟危機以來，抑鬱症的20世紀30年代，其震中是美國。 The Bush administration moved to take over Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac under conditions of a rapid erosion of international confidence in the solvency of not only these two companies, but of the United States government itself.布什政府提出的接管Fannie Mae的和Freddie Mac的條件下，迅速侵蝕國際的信心的償債能力，不僅這兩家公司，但美國政府本身。 Over the past several months, global investors, including central banks and government investment funds, primarily in Asia and Russia, have been dumping their vast holdings in mortgage-backed securities issued by the US government-sponsored firms.在過去數個月，全球投資者，包括中央銀行和政府投資資金，主要是在亞洲和俄羅斯，已大量傾銷其持有的已發行按揭證券由美國政府贊助的公司。 Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac have a combined liability of $5.3 trillion in mortgage-backed securities which they own or guarantee. Fannie Mae的和Freddie Mac有一個合併的法律責任五萬三千點零零億美元在住房抵押貸款證券，他們自己或保證。 The run on their assets has not only intensified the crisis of the two companies, which are massively leveraged and have suffered billions of dollars in losses as a result of the collapse of the US housing market, it has thrown into question the status of all US government debt, including US Treasury bonds.執行對他們的資產不僅加劇了危機，兩家公司，這是大量槓桿，並已遭受數十億美元的損失，由於崩潰，美國的房屋市場，它扔進問題的地位，美國所有的政府債務，包括美國國庫債券。 The US, by far the world’s largest debtor nation, with a current account deficit of nearly $800 billion, is sustained by the inflow of hundreds of billions of dollars from abroad.美國，迄今為止，世界上最大的債務國，與經常帳赤字接近8000億美元，是由持續流入數千億美元從國外。 It currently imports $1 trillion in foreign capital every year, or over $4 billion every working day.它目前進口1萬億美元外國資本，每年或超過40億美元，每工作一天。 But the assumption by the US government of the debts of the two mortgage companies, while averting an immediate financial meltdown, only compounds the crisis of American capitalism.但假設由美國政府的債務兩個按揭公司，而避免了立即的金融崩潰，只有化合物的危機，美國的資本主義。 As Martin Wolf, the financial correspondent of the Financial Times, wrote on Tuesday, “As a result, US housing finance has been brought under direct government control and, in the process, the gross liabilities of the US government, properly measured, have increased by $5,400 billion, a sum equal to the entire publicly held debt and 40 percent of gross domestic product.”馬丁狼來了，財政通訊員金融時報寫道，對週二， “因此，美國的住房融資，已提請下，政府直接控制，並在這個過程中，總負債的美國政府，妥善衡量，增加了由五萬四點零零零億美元，一筆相等於整個公開舉行的債務和40 ％的國內生產總值“ 。 At a stroke, US sovereign debt has doubled and is now roughly equal to America’s gross domestic product.在中風後，美國的主權債務增加了一倍，目前是大約相當於美國的國內生產總值。 On July 14, one day after US Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson called for legislation to give him unilateral and unlimited powers to use public funds to rescue Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, the Wall Street Journal editorialized on the implications of a government bailout of the two companies. 7月14日，一天後，美國財政部部長亨利保爾森呼籲立法給他單方面的和無限的權力，使用公共資金拯救Fannie Mae的和Freddie Mac ，華爾街日報editorialized上的影響，政府救助的兩家公司。 It wrote: “But with financial woes mounting, some investors are betting they may profit from weighing the unthinkable question: Could the US government default?”它寫道： “但隨著金融的疾苦安裝，一些投資者博彩他們可能利潤從稱重不可思議的問題：請問，美國政府默認” ？ This immense increase in US government indebtedness can only further undermine international confidence in the credit-worthiness of US Treasury bonds, resulting in a further decline in the dollar and a sharp increase in the interest paid by the US to borrow from its international creditors.這一巨大的增加，在美國政府的負債只能進一步破壞國際的信心，信用，老有所為的美國國庫債券，從而在進一步下降，美元大幅增加，在所支付的利息由美國借用它的國際債權人。 The claims made by the Bush administration, echoed by the US media, that the bailout of the two mortgage finance companies will consume at most $200 billion in public funds—itself a massive amount that eclipses previous corporate bailouts, including the $160 billion bailout of the savings and loans industry less than two decades ago—are not credible.該所提出的要求，布什政府贊同由美國媒體報導，該救助的兩個按揭的財務公司，將消耗在最二千億元的公共資金-本身就是一個龐大的金額eclipses前公司bailouts ，包括1600億美元，救助該儲蓄和貸款業不到兩年的幾十年前，都沒有可信的。 An indication of the sums envisioned by US policy makers is the fact that the legislation passed last July giving Paulson the power to bail out Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac raised the US debt limit by $800 billion, increasing the cushion between the debt limit and current government indebtedness to $1.1 trillion.顯示的款項所設想的美國決策者是一個事實，即通過的法例，去年7月給保爾森的權力保釋出來Fannie Mae的和Freddie Mac所提出的美國債務限額由8000億美元，增加緩衝之間的債務限額和目前的政府欠債1.1萬億美元。 Some sense of the social priorities of the US ruling elite and its two parties can be gleaned from a comparison between the sums being extended to bail out just these two companies and those allocated by the federal government in 2008 for education ($67.5 billion), unemployment benefits ($37.3 billion), highways and mass transit ($53.1 billion) and housing ($7.4 billion).從一定意義上的社會的優先次序，美國統治精英及其兩黨可以收集從一個對比的款項，正擴展到保釋出來只是這兩家公司和那些分配由聯邦政府在2008年教育（六七五〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇美元） ，失業福利（三百七十三萬點零零萬美元） ，公路和大眾捷運（ 5310000萬美元）及房屋（ 74億美元） 。 Moreover, the bailout of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac is only the prelude to a far broader use of public funds to bolster the balance sheets of major corporations.此外，救助Fannie Mae的和Freddie Mac的是僅是序幕對於一個遙遠的更廣泛地利用公共資金，以加強資產負債表的大公司。 Democratic presidential candidate Barack Obama and his Republican opponent John McCain are both supporting a $50 billion bailout of the US auto companies, which will inevitably entail further cuts in jobs and wages.民主黨總統候選人巴拉克奧巴馬和他的共和黨對手麥凱恩都是支持500億美元的救助的美國汽車公司，這將無可避免地帶來進一步削減在就業和工資。 And the plunge of the Wall Street investment bank Lehman Brothers toward bankruptcy—the firm’s stock fell by 45 percent on Tuesday—poses another rescue operation similar to the $29 billion bailout of Bear Stearns last March.和大跌華爾街投資銀行雷曼兄弟公司對破產公司的股票下跌了45 ％ ，週二-構成另一個類似的救援行動，以290億元的救助的貝爾斯登去年3月。 It is already being widely broached that the government establish a permanent mechanism for using taxpayer funds to buy billions of dollars in failing assets from major banks and financial companies.這是已被廣泛broached表示，政府建立一個常設的機制，用納稅人的資金購買數十億美元的資產，未能從大銀行和金融公司。 The Wall Street Journal wrote on Tuesday, “Creating a government-backed entity to buy up these assets could jump-start the market for home loans and relieve banks and other financial institutions, which are taking big hits to their balance sheets as they fall in value.”華爾街日報發表文章週二， “建立一個政府支持的實體來購買這些資產可以跳轉啟動市場的購房貸款和減輕銀行和其他金融機構，正在大安打，以他們的資產負債表，因為他們屬於在價值“ 。 The Financial Times sounded the same theme, declaring, “The US government might end up having to support the recapitalization of a much wider range of financial institutions in order to curb the credit crunch.”金融時報吹響了同一主題，聲稱： “美國政府最終可能不得不支持剝離的更廣泛的金融機構，以遏止信貸緊縮” 。 These statements give the lie to the attempt to portray Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac as aberrations, which in their reckless speculation and pursuit of super profits departed from the norm.這些報表給予謊言，企圖塑造Fannie Mae的和Freddie Mac作為畸變，而在他們的魯莽的投機活動和追求超級利潤偏離了規範。 On the contrary, they typify the financial parasitism and outright criminality that have become pervasive characteristics of the workings of American capitalism and the social physiognomy of the US corporate elite.與此相反，他們典型的金融寄生和買斷賣斷的犯罪行為已成為普遍的特點，運作的美國資本主義和社會地貌的美國企業精英。 The operations of the two government-sponsored firms are entirely in line with the unbridled speculation, based on an immense expansion of debt, that has become the hallmark of American capitalism.運作這兩個由政府贊助的公司，完全是在符合肆無忌憚的投機活動的基礎上，一個巨大的膨脹的債務，這已成為標誌，美國的資本主義。 Their role in the housing and credit boom that has now come crashing down was of a piece with the creation of the vast edifice of paper values, engineered through the so-called “securitization” of debt, which sustained the super profits and immense salaries raked in by Wall Street.他們的作用，在房屋和信貸榮景現在已崩潰，下跌是一塊與創造廣大大廈的文件，價值觀，工程通過了所謂的“證券化”的債務，其中持續超級的利潤和巨大的薪俸raked在華爾街。 In the wake of the bailout, press reports have noted the bloated salaries of the companies’ CEOs.在之後的救助，新聞報導指出，臃腫的薪酬，公司的CEO 。 Before they were sacked as part of the government takeover, Fannie Mae CEO Daniel Mudd and Freddie Mac chief Richard Syron took in between them $29.5 million over the several years they headed their respective corporations.之前，他們被解僱的一部分，政府收購， Fannie Mae的首席執行官Daniel mudd和Freddie Mac首席理查德syron了在它們之間的二千九百五點○萬美元過去幾年，他們各自為首的公司。 And they stand to receive another $29 million as part of their exit packages.他們的立場，以收到另一2900萬美元的一部分，其出口的軟件包。 But these sums are by no means exceptional.但這些款項是絕不例外。 The Financial Times reported last week that compensation for major executives of the seven biggest US banks totaled $95 billion between 2005 and 2007.金融時報上週報導說，賠償的主要行政人員的七個美國最大的銀行總計950億美元之間的2005年和2007年。 The collapse of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac is a paradigm of the US economy as a whole.崩潰， Fannie Mae的和Freddie Mac是一個範式的美國經濟作為一個整體。 Over the past three decades, the decay of American capitalism has taken the form of a vast growth of financial parasitism.在過去30年間，衰變美國資本主義已經採取的形式是一個巨大的增長，財政寄生。 At its heart, this involves the separation of wealth creation from the creation of real value in the production process.在其心，這涉及到的分離創造財富從創造真正的價值在生產過程中。 The American ruling elite has largely dismantled the productive base of the US economy, ruthlessly downsizing manufacturing at the cost of millions of jobs and the destruction of working class living standards, in order to reap higher profits from increasingly reckless forms of financial speculation.美國統治精英已在很大程度上拆除了生產基地的美國經濟，無情瘦身製造業的成本百萬計的就業機會和銷毀工作階層的生活水準，在以謀取更高的利潤日益魯莽形式的金融投機活動。 The indices of the growth of financial speculation in the US economy are staggering: In 1982, the profits of US financial companies accounted for 5 percent of total after-tax corporate profits.指數的增長，金融投機，在美國經濟是驚人的：在1982年的利潤，美國金融公司佔5 ％的總後稅企業獲利。 In 2007, they made up 41 percent of corporate profits.在2007年，他們作出了41 ％的企業獲利。 This process has generated ever greater levels of social inequality, the most telling symptom of the degenerate state of the US profit system.這個過程中已經產生越來越大的程度的社會不平等，最能說明問題的症狀退化的狀態，美國的利潤體系。 A report by the Congressional Research Service, updated July 31, provides a measure of the ever growing chasm between the ruling elite and the broad mass of the American people.報告由國會研究服務，更新7月31日，提供了一個衡量的日益增加之間的鴻溝統治精英和廣大的美國人民。 It states that the share of national income accounted for by the top 1 percent of earners (as reported on tax returns) reached 21.8 percent in 2005—a level not seen since 1928.它指出，分享國民收入的比重由頂端的1 ％仔（如對稅報稅表）達到21.8 ％ ，在2005年的水平，沒有看到，自1928年。 The report further noted that in 2006, corporate profits totaled 12.4 percent of national income, a level not reached in 50 years.該報告進一步指出，在2006年，公司的利潤總額為12.4 ％ ，國民收入，水平沒有達到在50年。 The cost of the ever-expanding bailout of American big business will be borne squarely by the working class.成本不斷擴大救助的美國大企業將承擔正視由勞動階層。 Even in the midst of growing unemployment and poverty and a flood of home foreclosures, there is much talk in the media about the American people “living beyond their means.”即使在處於日益增長的失業和貧困和洪水的主頁foreclosures ，有很多談話，媒體有關美國人民“的生活超出其手段” 。 That the next administration, whether headed by McCain or Obama, will sharply intensify the assault on working class living standards was spelled out by the New York Times, which editorialized Tuesday: “Senators John McCain and Barack Obama have both voiced support for the bailout, which shows good judgment.認為下一屆政府，是否為首的麥凱恩或奧巴馬，將大幅加強進攻，工人階級的生活水平，是所闡明的新的紐約時報， editorialized星期二： “參議員約翰麥凱恩和巴拉克奧巴馬都表示支持的救助，這表明，良好的判斷力。 But what the next president will need to worry about, and both candidates need to talk about, is the depth of the country’s economic problems.但下一任總統將需要擔心，和兩位候選人的需要談談，是深入該國的經濟問題。 It will take discipline and sacrifice to address them.”它會採取紀律和犧牲解決這些問題“ 。 The only alternative to a rapid lowering of working class living standards and the only rational and progressive solution to the financial crisis is a socialist program of nationalization of the entire financial system under the democratic control of the working people, with provisions to secure the investments of small depositors and share-holders.唯一的辦法，以迅速降低勞動階層的生活水平和唯一合理的和進步的辦法來解決金融危機的是社會主義計劃國有化整個金融體系下，民主黨控制了勞動人民，與條文，以確保投資小存戶和分享持有人。 The wealth and resources of the country must be developed and allocated to meet the social needs of the population, not the money-mad strivings of financial speculators.財富和資源，國家必須制定和分配，以滿足社會需要的人口，而不是金錢瘋狂strivings金融炒家。 This policy can be carried out only through the independent political mobilization of the working class in opposition to the two-party system and the financial aristocracy which it serves.這項政策可以進行，只有通過獨立的政治動員廣大勞工階層在反對兩黨制和金融貴族，它的服務。 The Socialist Equality Party is dedicated to the building of such a mass socialist movement of the working class.社會主義平等黨，是致力於建設這樣一個大規模社會主義運動的勞動階層。 Copyright 1998-2008 - World Socialist Web Site - All rights reserved版權1998-2008年-世界社會主義網站-保留所有權利 Have Your Say: Record Corporate Bailout Reveals the Bankruptcy of American Capitalism 你說：記錄公司的救助，揭示了破產的美國資本主義 Please read our請閱讀我們的 posting guidelines before posting發布指引，然後再發布 . 。 Alternatively或者 you can discuss this report here您可以討論此報告在這裡 . 。 Related News 相關新聞
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The views expressed in the RINF news wire and newsletter are the sole responsibility of the author (s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the webmaster. 所表達的意見，在rinf新聞電線和通訊是唯一的責任作者（ S ）和並不一定反映的意見，網站管理員。 RINF.COM: Breaking News & Alternative Media is Copyleft - Copy & Distribute Freely. rinf.com ：突破新聞與其他的媒體是copyleft的-複製及分發自由。 News Forum 新聞論壇 |
