Most Corporations Don’t Pay Income Taxes大多數企業沒有支付所得稅
By通過 Richard Rubin理查德魯賓 | Most corporations, including the vast majority of foreign companies doing business in the United States, pay no income taxes, according to a |大多數企業，包括絕大多數的外國公司做生意，在美國，無須繳交所得稅，根據一項 Government Accountability Office report政府問責辦公室的報告 released Tuesday.公佈的週二。
During the eight-year period covered by the report, 72 percent of foreign-owned corporations went at least one year without owing taxes, and the same was true for 55 percent of domestic corporations.在8年期間所涵蓋的報告， 72 ％的外商獨資企業到至少一年，由於沒有稅收，同時是真實的為55 ％的國內企業。
Small companies were much more likely to pay no taxes than larger companies.小公司更可能要付出不交稅比較大規模的公司。 Still, more than 3,500 large domestic corporations - with more than $250 million in assets or $50 million in gross receipts - did not pay taxes in 2005.還有， 3500以上的國內大公司-與超過2 .5億美元的資產或5 000萬美元的總收益-不照章納稅，在2 0 05年。
The report said about 80 percent of the companies studied paid no taxes because they didn’t generate any profit after expenses.報告說，大約80 ％的公司研究支付不交稅，因為他們沒有產生任何利潤後的開支。 Money-losing companies can legitimately owe no tax, and others can use provisions of the tax code to lower or eliminate their liability.錢虧損的公司可以合法欠任何稅，和其他可以使用的規定，稅法，以降低或消除其賠償責任。
But the lawmakers who sought the data seized on the report as proof of corporate gamesmanship.但國會議員誰要求的數據，檢獲該報告作為證明公司gamesmanship 。
“It’s shameful that so many corporations make big profits and pay nothing to support our country,” said Byron L. Dorgan , DN.D., who requested the report along with Carl Levin , D-Mich. “這是可恥的這麼多公司，使大的利潤和支付任何費用，以支持我們的國家，說： ”拜倫多根的影響， dn.d. ，誰要求的報告，隨著卡爾萊文的D - mich 。 “The tax system that allows this wholesale tax avoidance is an embarrassment and unfair to hardworking Americans who pay their fair share of taxes. “稅務系統，使這個批發避稅是一個尷尬和不公平的勤奮，美國人誰的薪酬公平地分享稅收。 We need to plug these tax loopholes and put these corporations back on the tax rolls.”我們要堵塞這些漏洞，稅收和付諸表決，這些公司就回到稅務卷“ 。
The report covered the period from 1998 through 2005.該報告涵蓋的期間從1998年到2005年。 During that time, corporate income taxes as a share of gross domestic product dipped, from 2.2 percent in 1998 to 1.2 percent in 2003, the lowest share since 1983.在這段時間，公司所得稅作為一個份額佔國內生產總值的下滑，從2.2 ％ ，在1998年至1.2 ％ ，在2003年，最低的佔有率自1983年以來。 But receipts jumped after that, hitting 2.7 percent in 2006 and 2007, according to the Office of Management and Budget.但收益跳樓後，打了2.7 ％ ，在2006年和2007年，根據該管理和預算辦公室。 That was the highest share since the late 1970s.這是最高的份額自1970年代後期以來。
The GAO report also found that foreign-owned corporations were somewhat more likely to report no income than domestic corporations. GAO報告還發現，外國的國有企業有些更可能報告沒有收入超過國內企業。 There are several possible reasons for that.有幾個可能的原因是什麼。 Foreign corporations may be younger, and startups are more likely to have no net income after expenses.外國公司可能更年輕，和初創公司更可能有沒有後的淨收入的開支。 They may also be in industries with lower profit margins.他們也可能在較低的行業利潤率。
Another possibility could be the use of transfer pricing, which companies use to account for transactions between subsidiaries in different countries.另一種可能性可以是使用轉讓定價，哪些公司使用帳戶之間的交易，子公司在不同的國家。 Creative, rule-stretching use of transfer pricing can allow companies to push their profits into lower-taxed jurisdictions.創造性的，有章可循的拉伸利用轉讓定價可以讓公司把他們的利潤到低徵稅，司法管轄區。 The report does not attempt to examine whether illegal transfer-pricing caused the difference between foreign and domestic companies.該報告並沒有企圖，研究是否有非法轉讓定價所造成的差異外國和國內公司。
But companies looking for lower-taxed jurisdictions often take profits out of the United States.但公司尋找低徵稅，司法管轄區的利潤，往往採取走出美國。 The country’s 35 percent top rate on corporate income is among the highest in the industrialized world.該國的35 ％ ，最高稅率對企業的收入是最高的國家之一，在工業化世界。
Many tax experts and lawmakers from both parties, including Ways and Means Chairman Charles B. Rangel , DN.Y., and presidential candidate Sen. John McCain , R-Ariz., have called for lowering the corporate tax rate.很多稅務專家和國會議員從雙方，包括方法和手段主席查爾斯乙蘭赫爾， dn.y. ，和總統候選人，參議員麥凱恩，的R -亞利桑那州，要求降低公司稅率。 Lawmakers are likely to differ on what revenue-raising measures, if any, should be paired with a corporate rate cut.國會議員很可能有不同意見是什麼增加收入的措施，如有的話，應該搭配企業減息問題。
In addition, Levin, Finance Chairman Max Baucus , D-Mont., and other senators have been trying to close the “tax gap,” the difference between taxes owed and taxes collected.在此外，萊文，財務委員會主席鮑卡斯和D -蒙特塞拉特，和其他參議員一直試圖關閉“稅差距， ”之間的差別稅，拖欠稅和收集。
In a statement, Baucus said, “I’m committed to finding ways to improve compliance and reduce taxpayer burden so that we begin to bridge the tax gap, which accounts for $345 billion in legally owed but uncollected federal revenues each year.”在一份聲明中，鮑克斯說： “我致力於尋找一種方式，改善遵從性，降低納稅人的負擔，使我們開始對大橋稅的差距，佔3,450億美元欠款，但在法律上未聯邦收入每年” 。
He said the GAO report “shows yet again the need for full-fledged [tax] reform next year….”他說，高“報告再次表明，必須充分成熟的[稅款]改革明年… … ” 。
“We are constantly reviewing the tax code to find ways to crack down on those who are trying to avoid paying their fair share, without placing undue compliance or reporting burdens on honest taxpayers. “我們正不斷檢討稅法找到辦法，嚴厲打擊那些誰正設法逃避支付公平的份額，沒有把不必要的遵守或報告的負擔，誠實的納稅人。 As part of this on-going effort, we are reviewing the GAO report to see what it might suggest about where to target tax gap efforts,” Baucus said.作為這項工作的一部分對正在進行的努力，我們現正檢討高的報告，看看有什麼可能會建議約在哪裡的目標，稅收的差距的努力， “鮑克斯說。
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