The War on Drugs - ‘30 Years of Failure’戰爭的藥物-' 30年失敗的'
Radley Balko radley balko | HBO’s critically acclaimed drama The Wire wrapped up its final season in March. |高壓氧的備受推崇的戲劇線結束了它的最後一季在三月。 The show has been widely praised for its raw and cynical realism, its huge cast of multidimensional characters interweaving across complex story arcs, and above all its knowing look at the decline of a major American city.顯示已被廣泛稱讚其原料和玩世不恭的現實主義，其龐大的演員多層面的人物交織複雜的故事，自動垃圾收集系統，及以上所有知道看的衰落的一個主要的美國城市。 Over five seasons, co-creators David Simon and Ed Burns—a former reporter for the Baltimore Sun and a former narcotics officer with the Baltimore Police Department, respectively—explored Charm City’s docks, labor unions, crumbling public school system, and troubled police department, along with the particular brand of political corruption that infects a dying city.超過5個賽季，合作的創作者大衛西蒙和ED燒傷-前記者為巴爾的摩太陽報和一名前禁毒人員與巴爾的摩警察署，分別為-探討魅力城市的碼頭，工會，搖搖欲墜的公立學校系統，並困擾警察署，隨品牌，尤其是政治腐敗感染一個垂死的城市。
Although both are unreservedly men of the left, Simon and Burns created a show that eviscerated Democratic governance, capturing the futility and spectacular failure of local institutions. The Wire serves as a primer on unintended consequences, public choice theory, and the way politics poisons civil society.雖然兩者都毫無保留地男子的左，西蒙與伯恩斯建立了一個顯示eviscerated民主執政，引人入勝的是徒勞的和壯觀的失敗的地方機構。 鐵絲網充當引物對意想不到的後果，公共選擇理論，方式和政治毒藥公務員社會。 Characters showing even a hint of nobility are almost inevitably punished by indifferent, plodding bureaucrats, overly ambitious politicians, or the damaging actions of well-meaning public employees.字符顯示，甚至一個暗示貴族化，幾乎無可避免地受到冷漠， plodding官僚，過於雄心勃勃的政治家，或破壞性的行動，本意良好的公共部門僱員。 The results can be heartbreaking, as when broken policies drive a promising circle of middle school students to bleak destinies.結果可以令人心碎，當破碎的政策，推動有前途的循環中學生暗淡的命運。
The Wire ’s greatest accomplishment may be its unprecedented, painfully accurate portrait of the drug war. 鋼絲 '最大的成就可能是其前所未有的，是痛苦的，準確的畫像禁毒戰爭。 Never before has television so honestly captured the brutality of black markets, the folly of statistics-driven law enforcement, and the twisted incentives that confront cops and drug merchants alike.以前從未有電視，使誠實抓獲的殘酷黑市場，愚蠢的統計驅動的執法，以及扭曲的獎勵措施，面對警察和毒品商人一樣。 This may be why, as Simon這可能是為什麼，正如西蒙 told Reason告訴的原因 in 2004, the show is beloved by street-level police officers and drug dealers.在2004年，敬愛的顯示是由街一級的警務人員和毒品販子。
Ed Burns, 62, came to writing late in life, after a tour in Vietnam and two decades working homicide and narcotics in the Baltimore Police Department.教育署燒傷， 62歲，來晚在寫作的生活後，參觀了在越南和兩個數十年來的工作兇殺案和毒品在巴爾的摩警察署。 He also taught seventh grade in Baltimore’s public schools, an experience he has said compared psychologically with Vietnam.他還教七年級在巴爾的摩市的公立學校，一經驗，他說相比，在心理上與越南。 In 1997 Burns and Simon, who met when Simon was covering cops, co-wrote The Corner: A Year in the Life of an Inner-City Neighborhood , the acclaimed true story of a single intersection in drug-plagued West Baltimore that later became an Emmy-winning HBO miniseries.在1997年的燒傷和Simon ，誰會見時，西蒙是包括警察，合作，寫了一個角落：一，今年在生活的一個城市內居委會 ，被譽為真實的故事一個單一的交匯點，在毒品的困擾西巴爾的摩，後來一艾美獎得獎高壓氧迷你。 In January of this year, as The Wire was closing out its run, Burns and Simon finished shooting a new HBO miniseries based on Evan Wright’s book Generation Kill , an account of the first days of the 2003 US invasion of Iraq.在今年一月， 由於電線被關閉其運行，燒傷和Simon完成拍攝一個新的高壓氧迷你的基礎上埃文賴特的書一代殺死 ，交代第一天的2003年美國入侵伊拉克。
Senior Editor Radley Balko interviewed Burns via telephone in February.資深編輯radley balko採訪燒傷透過電話在2月。
Reason : This season of The Wire has focused pretty heavily on the media. 原因是 ：本賽季的鐵絲網已相當嚴重的重點是對媒體。 What do you think the media do well when it comes to covering criminal justice issues, and what do you think they do poorly?您怎麼看媒體做好當談到涉及刑事司法問題，您怎麼看他們做的不好？
Ed Burns : I think a lot depends on who’s doing it. 教育署燒傷 ：我想了很多，取決於誰的做法。 In specific cases, you can do extremely well as a reporter.在特定情況下，你可以做的非常好，作為記者。 My problem is more with the basic philosophy of how it’s done.我的問題是更多的與基本理念如何的工作要做。 It’s like a laser beam.這就像是一個激光束。 They cover a specific aspect, or a specific trial, or a specific murder in a way that simplifies things, that makes them very stereotypical.它們涉及的一個具體方面，或特定的審判，或特定的謀殺案，案中的方式，簡化了的東西，這使他們非常刻板。 It only takes one sentence to name the victim of a crime and the street where the crime took place.只需要1句名稱某一犯罪的受害者和街的地方犯罪發生。 So they’re really only reporting something that we know is going to happen—because the conditions are there to make it happen—but they don’t go beyond that.因此，他們真的只報告了一些，我們知道事情發生-因為條件是否有讓夢想-但他們並沒有超越這一點。 There’s no context in crime reporting.有沒有背景下，在舉報罪案。 That’s the problem.這就是問題。
Reason : Slate ’s media critic, Jack Shafer, has said that the media are at their absolute worst when covering the drug war. 原因是 ： 板岩 '的媒體評論家，傑克沙佛曾表示，媒體正處於絕對最差的當涉及毒品的戰爭。 Do you agree with him, and if so why do you think that is?你是否同意他，如果是的話，為什麼你認為是什麼？
Burns : Take just the term “war on drugs.” I mean, they’re not warring on drugs. 燒傷 ：只需要而言， “戰爭的藥物。 ”我的意思是，它們就不會戰國關於毒品。 They’re warring on drug addicts and the users and the small-time dealers.他們正在交戰就吸毒成癮者和用戶和小商的時間。 They’re warring on neighborhoods.他們正在交戰就街道。 They’re warring on people who can’t stand up to them.他們正在交戰的人誰不能站起來給他們。 They’re not warring on major dealers.他們沒有交戰的主要交易商。
You can follow it in any city; I don’t care how small it is or how big it is.您也可以按照它在任何一個城市;我不介意如何的小，這是或有多大，這是。 If the paper is pretty avid about covering who’s getting locked up, you’ll notice that they’re not getting the big guys.如果該文件是相當熱心約涵蓋誰的日益關起來，您會發現它們不是越來越大傢伙。 They’re not getting the big stakeholders.他們沒有得到大的利益相關者。
I think their whole approach is almost as if they were trying to separate us, trying to separate the classes by saying, “Look what’s happened down there.我認為他們的做法是整個幾乎一樣，如果他們試圖分開我們，試圖分開班說， “看看有什麼事下來。 Look at these people down there, these people and what they’re doing.”看看這些人有下跌，這些人及他們在做什麼“ 。
When I was teaching, you’d have a kid in, say, his junior year of high school.當我的教學，您想要有一個孩子在說，他三年級高中。 And you’d give him a list of things he could possibly do when he gets out.和您想要給他一個清單的東西，他可能這樣做時，他失控。 He could be a doctor, lawyer, all this kind of stuff.他可能是一個醫生，律師，這一切都種的東西。 We’d make one of the options “drug addict,” and there are kids who always check it off.我們要作出的選擇之一“吸毒者” ，有孩子誰經常檢查它關閉。
The media report as if these kids have all of these options, and they consciously make this decision to become a drug addict, and to risk the consequences of going up to the corner and getting themselves killed.媒體報導作為，如果這些孩子們所有這些選項，他們自覺地作出這個決定成為一名吸毒者，以及風險的後果，持續上升到一個角落，並獲得自己的死亡。 That decision was made for him long before that kid got to be in the 11th grade.即作出的決定，是他長期此之前，孩子到了必須在11年級。 A lot of guys don’t even get that far.很多人甚至不得到遠遠的。
This idea that there are lots of options for these kids and they choose a life on the corner, that’s too simplistic.這個想法有很多可供選擇的這些孩子和他們選擇的生活，對即將到來，這是過於簡單化。 But it’s the way these things get covered.但它的方式，這些事情得到保障。
Reason : We interviewed your co-producer, David Simon, just before The Wire ’s fourth season. 原因是 ：我們採訪您的合作，生產者，大衛西蒙， 前鋼絲 '第四賽季。 He said that though The Wire may be cynical about institutions, it treats its characters with a lot of affection.他說， 雖然鋼絲可能玩世不恭的有關機構，它對待其字符了很多的感情。 But the last two seasons seem to have gotten even more cynical.但在過去的兩個賽季似乎已經得到了更憤世嫉俗。 Many of the characters who show promise seem to either succumb to character flaws or actually get punished for doing the right thing.很多的字符顯示誰的承諾，似乎不是屈從於性格的缺陷，或實際上得到懲罰做正確的事。 Are viewers to take anything away from The Wire other than that our major institutions are failing and there’s little reason for hope?是觀眾採取任何脫離線以外，我們的主要機構是不存在的沒有理由沒有希望了嗎？
Burns : Well, I don’t think there’s much reason for hope if you keep doing the same thing over and over again, even though you know it’ll never work. 燒傷 ：好，我不認為這有很多原因，如果您希望繼續做同樣的事情並再次，即使你知道它永遠無法工作。 Dietrich Bonhoeffer once said that if you get on the wrong train, running down the aisle in the opposite direction really doesn’t help.迪特里希朋霍費爾曾經說過，如果你就錯了火車，運行大幅降價，在相反的方向，實在沒有幫助。 Basically that’s what we’ve done, we’ve gotten on entirely the wrong train, and we keep sprinting down the aisle in the other direction, trying to pretend that if we run fast enough, we can get it together and turn things around.基本上，這就是我們所做，我們已經得到了就完全錯誤的火車，和我們保持短跑大幅降價，在其他方向，試圖假裝，如果我們運行速度不夠快，我們可以得到它，共同把事情周圍。 We’re losing more than we’re winning, and there’s no reason for it.我們正在失去比我們更要打贏，而且也沒有理由。
I mean, if you go into West Baltimore, or East Baltimore, or any of these cities in the ghettos, and you pick up a stone and you throw it, you’re probably going to hit a nonprofit.我的意思是，如果你進入西巴爾的摩，或東巴爾的摩，或任何這些城市中的貧民區，你拿起一塊石頭，你丟它，您可能會達到一個非盈利。 They’re all over the place.他們都是超過的地方。 They aren’t working, because again we’re all on the same wrong train.他們不工作，因為我們又都是在同一個錯誤的列車。 The nonprofits are fragmented.該非營利組織是支離破碎。 The whole thing is fragmented.整個事情是支離破碎。 It just doesn’t work.它只是不工作。
So no, I don’t think we’re being cynical.因此，不，我不認為我們正在玩世不恭。 I think we’re being factual.我認為我們正在被事實。 We’ve been fighting the drug war for 30 years.我們一直在打擊毒品的戰爭，為30年。 Thirty years of failure.三十年的失敗。 But there’s some reason that we persist in this.但也有一些原因，我們堅持在這方面。 What is it?它是什麼？ We never explore why that is.我們從來沒有探討這是為什麼。 But you just can’t spend this much money and get these few results and continue on like this.但你不能花這多錢，並讓這些數的結果，並繼續就喜歡這個。 Someone has to start wondering what the fuck is going on.有人開始懷疑什麼他媽的正在進行中。
Reason : Critics have said the city of Baltimore is really the central character in The Wire . 原因是 ：批評者說，城市巴爾的摩，實在是中央的性格在鐵絲網 。 Recently, we’ve seen some interesting developments in violent crime statistics.最近，我們已經看到一些有趣的事態發展在暴力犯罪統計資料。 Large cities like New York and Los Angeles have continued with improvements that started in the 1990s, but smaller and medium-size cities like Baltimore, Cincinnati, and Indianapolis seem to be getting bloodier.大城市如紐約，洛杉磯，繼續與改進，開始在20世紀90年代，但規模較小和中等規模的城市一樣，巴爾的摩，辛辛那提和印第安納波利斯似乎越來越血腥。 Do you have any theories as to why that might be?你有什麼理論，至於為何可能？
Burns : Yeah, sure, absolutely. 燒傷 ：是啊，肯定的是，絕對。 I think New York’s murder rate was under 500 in 2007, and that’s out of a population of 8 million people.我覺得紐約的謀殺率是根據500在2007年，那就是出於對人口800萬人。 Baltimore’s murder rate was somewhere around 282 for a population of around 600,000 people.巴爾的摩市的謀殺率是約282為一的人口約有60.0萬人。 So we’re very close to New York just in raw numbers.所以我們非常接近，紐約只是在原號碼。 The reason is that New York has an economy.原因是紐約的一個經濟體系。 There’sa vitality there.有活力。 There are things happening.有一些事情發生。 People have jobs.人有就業機會。
In places like Baltimore, Detroit, and Cincinnati, the jobs that were there are gone.在地方，如巴爾的摩，底特律，和辛辛那提，工作有沒有了。 The manufacturing-based jobs are gone, and without that kind of job, it’s very, very difficult to jump-start the economy.製造業為基礎的工作經歷，並沒有這種工作，這是非常，非常艱難的出啟動經濟。 There’s no prospect for Baltimore having jobs in the near future.有沒有前景，巴爾的摩有就業機會，在不久的將來。 If you look at Baltimore now, what you’re seeing is a very decayed inner core.如果你看看巴爾的摩現在，您所看到的是一個非常腐朽內核。 The east side of the city is being bought up by Johns Hopkins [the university and hospital].東邊的城市是被收購了由約翰霍普金斯[大學及醫院] 。 They’re building a biotech park which is going to employ 6,000 people, but of those 6,000 people, you’ll be lucky to get three people who were originally from those neighborhoods.他們正在建設一個科技園區，這是去僱用6000人，但這些6000人，您幸運獲得3人誰原本從這些街道。 They just aren’t qualified.他們只是不符合資格。
Reason : You’ve said that too many narcotics police today have developed a gung-ho, cowboy mentality. 原因是 ：您說，太多的禁毒警察今天已制定了一項長庚浩，牛仔的心態。 You traced this trend back to the 1972 movie The French Connection .你追查這一趨勢回到1972年的電影，法國方面 。 Could you elaborate?你能否詳細說明？
Burns : Well, it’s just dumb. The Godfather , or The French Connection , which came out in the early ’70s, those movies set the stage for both sides of the drug war. 燒傷 ：好的，這只是啞巴。 教父 ，或在法國方面 ，其中出來在七十年代初期，這些電影，搭建了舞台，為雙方的禁毒戰爭。 In The French Connection , Det.在法國方面 ，活塞。 Popeye Doyle had this very cynical, harsh, rough, law-breaking type of drug style that sort of set the tone in how street narcotics guys work.水手杜可風，這已非常玩世不恭，苛刻，粗糙，違法類型的藥物的作風，這種定調在如何街禁毒工作的傢伙。 Very flippant.很輕率。 What the movie didn’t pick up, and what you didn’t see, is all the intense surveillance and hard work that would go into a drug bust back then.什麼電影沒有回升，和你沒有看到，是所有激烈的監視和辛勤工作，這將進入一個毒品半身像，然後回。 But they put out the idea of this guy who cracks heads, especially in that scene where they went and they shook the bar down.但他們提出的想法，這傢伙誰裂縫的元首，尤其是在現場表示，他們所去的地方，他們震撼了酒吧。 That became iconic.成為標誌。 And that is the way the cops were afterward.這是方式，隨後被警察。 I mean, you’d see white cops in black neighborhoods looking like Serpico , and they’re not undercover.我的意思是，您要見白警察在黑人社區看起來像serpico ，他們還沒有臥底。 It was just this mind-set that took over of how you’re supposed to dress and act and the way you’re supposed to be.這只是這個心態集接管如何您要著裝和行為方式和您要。
The Godfather had a similar effect on the other side. 教父也有類似的作用，對對方。 It basically taught these emerging heroin gangs how to do business, how you set up your structure, with the code and the organization, the way you should have a boss, under-bosses—you know, capos.它基本上是教導這些新興海洛因團伙如何做業務，如何設置您的結構，與守則及組織，方法，你應該有一個老闆，下-老闆-你知道， capos 。 It got black, inner-city heroin dealers into the same mind-set.它有黑色，內城的海洛因交易商到相同的心態。
Reason : How common do you think that is, drug dealers taking tips from the entertainment world? 原因是 ：如何共同你認為是，毒品交易商採取的秘訣，從娛樂世界呢？ I’ve read that some dealers actually get advice from The Wire , particularly when it comes to communication systems they can use to evade police surveillance.我已閱讀一些交易商認為，其實得到的意見， 從電線 ，特別是當談到通信系統，他們可以使用，以逃避警方的嚴密監控。
Burns : Well, if they’re looking at what we’re telling them, they won’t be learning much, because the technology has been out there. 燒傷 ：好吧，如果他們要找什麼，我們告訴他們，他們不會學習的很多，因為技術已經存在。 The Marlo Stanfields of today—those guys I think of as mid-level drug dealers—there are just so many of them.該marlo stanfields今天-那些傢伙，我認為的作為中級毒品販子-有剛，使他們中的許多。 They’re like the salmon going up the river.他們像鮭魚去了河。 There’s really no way for law enforcement to stop all of these guys.還有的實在沒有辦法執法，停止所有的這些傢伙。 There are just too many of them.有太多的他們。 So the ones who take a modicum of precautions, the ones who are smart enough to stay low key, they’re completely under the radar screen, because it would just take too much work to even figure out who these guys are and how to catch them.因此，那些誰採取一點點的防範措施，那些誰是聰明留低調，他們完全根據雷達屏幕上，因為它只是採取太多的工作，甚至數字究竟是誰這些傢伙，以及如何趕上他們。 Only the really, really careless ones get caught.只有真的，真的不小心的陷入。
Reason : What’s your feeling on the militarization of domestic police departments, particularly as it relates to the drug war? 理由是 ：你對此有何感覺，對軍事化的國內警察部門，特別是因為它涉及到藥物的戰爭？
Burns : I think this whole thing was driven by the concept of numbers. 燒傷 ：我認為這整個事情的驅動概念的數字。 You can quantify numbers, so if you’re in a war and you’re racking up numbers—numbers being arrests—it sets that military tone.您可以量化的數字，因此如果您在一個戰爭與您傷透號碼-號碼被逮捕-它集軍事的語調。 Sort of like the way we’ve historically measured the success of wars in terms of casualties.有點像方式，我們已經在歷史上衡量成功的戰爭條款的人員傷亡。 The police departments that work in these hard neighborhoods are basically armies of occupation.警察部門的工作，努力在這些街道，基本上是軍隊的佔領。 Their job is to keep these people suppressed.他們的工作是保持這些人的打壓。
In Baltimore two years ago, they locked up 115,000 people from a population of 600,000.在巴爾的摩兩年前，他們關起來，從11.5萬人，人口60.0萬。 Now, let’s assume that they didn’t lock up anybody under the age of 8 or over the age of 70.現在，讓我們假設他們沒有鎖定任何人下， 8歲或超過70歲。 They didn’t lock up that many white middle-class people.他們沒有鎖起來，許多白人中產階層的人。 That’s an awful lot of people from one particular group getting put behind bars.這是一個可怕的，很多人從一個特別小組，越來越把背後的酒吧。 And many times, they’re getting locked up for things like sitting on the stoop drinking a beer, pissing in the alley, or just jaywalking in the street.而且很多時候，他們得到的關起來的事情，想坐於彎腰喝啤酒，小尿在胡同口，或者只是亂過馬路，在街。
Reason : The old “broken windows” theory? 原因是 ：舊的“破碎的窗口”理論嗎？
Burns : [Laughs] Yeah. 燒傷 ： [笑著說：嗯。 James Q. Wilson’s trick.塗謹申議員問：威爾遜奇摩伎倆。 It doesn’t work.它是行不通的。 In fact, what it does do is alienate the police department from the community.在事實上，它做的，是疏遠，警察部門從社會。 So you’re an army of occupation, and because you’ve alienated the community, you’re not getting any information.因此，您是軍隊的佔領，因為您疏離的社會，您沒有收到任何資料。 That’sa bad situation. that'sa壞的情況。
It’s the same thing they discovered in Iraq, oddly enough.它的同樣的事情，他們在伊拉克發現，奇怪的。 Once they got away from the idea of suppression, they started getting much more information from Iraqis.他們一旦得到遠離的想法鎮壓，他們開始使用更為詳細的信息由伊拉克人。 The soldiers and Marines in Iraq basically use many of the techniques developed by law enforcement.士兵和海軍陸戰隊在伊拉克，基本上使用的許多技術開發的執法力度。 They do the same type of searches.他們這樣做同一類型的搜索。 They gather the same type of information.他們收集同一類型的信息。 They collate it the same way.他們整理，它同樣的方式。 They use cell phone data.他們使用手機的數據。 They’re doing everything that law enforcement normally does.他們正在盡一切執法一般。 But they’re only successful when they’re connected with the people.但他們只能成功，當他們涉嫌與人民。
In Baltimore, they’re not connected to the people because they’ve alienated everyone in the neighborhood.在巴爾的摩，它們就不會連接到人，因為他們已經疏離，每個人都在附近。 So when you need to know something, when you need information, where do you go?所以，當您需要知道的東西，當你需要的資料，如你去？
Reason : What do you make of the “Stop Snitchin’” movement, the street campaign that discourages people from cooperating with police, which seems to have started in Baltimore? 理由是 ：你怎麼作出的“停止snitchin ”運動，街頭運動，勸阻人們從配合警方，這似乎已開始在巴爾的摩？
Burns : Well, again, it’s something that’s incidental. 燒傷 ：好的，再次，它的東西的偶然的。 It’sa symptom.它的症狀。 If the police were connected, if the police were actively involved with the people in the neighborhood, the amount of information they would be getting would be so great that the whole idea of snitching wouldn’t be important.如果警方聯繫，如果警方都積極參與，與市民在居委會，大量的信息，他們會越來越將如此巨大的整個概念snitching不會是很重要的。 When I was a cop, having informants was a rare thing.當我還是一個締約方會議後，舉報人的是一種罕見的事。 They were looked down upon.他們看不起。 I had sometimes as many as 50 guys working for me.我有時多達50個傢伙，我的工作。 I didn’t have to go out on the street.我沒有走出去在街上。 I could sit by the phone and just wait for the information to come.我可以坐在由電話和公正的等待信息來。 But you got that by being decent to people, working with them, helping them out on their little charges, stuff like that.但你認為被體面的人，與他們一起工作，幫助他們列於他們的小收費，東西一樣。 That’sa lot of work, and a lot of money comes out of your pocket to keep them happy and cooperative, but the amount of information you get back is profound. that'sa大量工作，很多錢出來，你的口袋，讓他們高興和合作，但信息量，您回來是深刻的。
Cops aren’t taught to do that anymore because today it’s all about numbers.警察是不是教授這樣做了，因為今天的所有數字。 You can get a number by just going up on the corner and grabbing somebody and getting a bag off of him.你可以得到多少只由不斷上升，在角落，並搶走有人和獲得一個袋內過他。 That’s the easy thing.這是很容易的事。 If taking a guy in for drinking a beer on the street is a “1,” and catching the kingpin is a “1,” well, it takes two minutes to catch the guy with the beer can.如果以一個人在飲用啤酒對街是一個“ 1 ” ，和抓住首領是一個“ 1 ” ，那麼，它需要兩分鐘時間趕上的傢伙，啤酒可以。 It could take you two years to catch the kingpin.它可以帶你在兩年內趕上首領。 If numbers are all the department cares about, then the guy who pursues the kingpin is wasting his time.如果號碼都是該署關心，然後傢伙誰奉行首領是在浪費時間。
And it is all about numbers.這是所有的數字。 It’s how they talk, how they rate themselves.它的他們如何談，他們如何率。 The fact that the murder rate in Baltimore stays constantly above the norm would seem to be an indication that maybe they should try something different.事實上，謀殺率在巴爾的摩停留不斷上述規範似乎是一個跡象表明，也許他們應該嘗試一些不同的。 But they’re bankrupt.但他們破產。 They don’t have any idea what they need to do because they’re separated from the people.他們這樣做不會有任何的想法需要做什麼，因為他們脫離人民。 They’re not of the people.他們沒有把人民群眾。 You’re policing as an army of occupation, not as police in the community.您治安作為一個軍隊的佔領，而不是作為警察，在社區內。 And that just doesn’t work.和剛才是行不通的。
Reason : David Simon once wrote that you are “the living manifestation of lost wars,” since you were a soldier in Vietnam, a cop fighting the drug war, and a teacher in the public school system. 原因是 ：大衛西蒙曾經寫道，你是“生活的體現，失去了戰爭， ”既然你是一個士兵在越南，締約方會議打擊毒品的戰爭，和一名教師在公立學校系統。 Do you agree those three wars were or have been lost?你是否同意這三個戰爭，或已失去呢？ Are there any institutional similarities you’ve observed that contributed to those three failures?是否有任何體制的異同您所見作出貢獻的這三個失敗的呢？
Burns : Well, we definitely lost Vietnam. 燒傷 ：好的，我們肯定失去了越南。 And we lost Iraq.和我們失去了伊拉克。 And we’ll lose any war where we allow an insurgency to exist.我們將失去任何戰爭，我們允許叛亂存在。 As for the war on drugs, I don’t think we’ll ever recover from the mind-set we’ve gotten into to fight it.至於戰爭對毒品的，我不認為我們會恢復以往任何時候都從心定我們已經得到了轉化，以撲滅它。 The educational system is an absolute and total disaster.教育系統是一項絕對的和總的災難。 And that of course is fueling the drug war, because there are so many kids who have no alternative but to spend their time on the corners.和這當然是刺激毒品的戰爭，因為有這麼多的孩子誰別無他法，只好把時間花在對角落。
The failure is institutional because no one sets out to lose these wars.失敗是體制，因為沒有人訂明失去了這些戰爭。 This is dangerous stuff, self-defeating stuff.這是很危險的東西，弄巧成拙的東西。 Education has no relevance.教育沒有關聯。 It doesn’t mean anything to these kids because they can’t connect to it.它並不意味著什麼，這些孩子們，因為他們不能連接到它。 They spend those eight years or nine years in school because they have to.他們用這些八年或九年在學校，因為他們要。 Of course, they have to learn something.當然，他們要學習的東西。 And what they learn is how to sit quietly in a corner and make the school become a kind of training ground for the corners.和他們所了解的是如何坐在靜靜地在一個角落，使學校成為一種訓練場地，為的角落。 The administration and the teachers basically become surrogate cops.政府當局和教師，基本上成為代理孕母的警察。 And the kids play through these fantasies with the stand-in “cops” until they’ve tested their mettle enough to go up on the corners and try it with the real guys.和孩子們發揮透過這些幻想與立場，在“警察” ，直到他們已經測試過他們的氣概，不夠去了就角落和嘗試，它與真正的球員。
We’ve had 20, 30 years of this stuff, and 20, 30 years of spending billions of dollars on failed systems.我們已經20 ， 30年的這個東西，和20 ， 30年的花費數十億美元就沒有系統。 And if you go to one of the private schools and see these kids in action and then go to an inner-city public school, you can see the chasm.如果你去一個私人學校和看到這些孩子在行動上，然後進入一個市內公立學校，您可以看到的鴻溝。 There’s separation even in the way of being, in the way they think, in how they operate.有的甚至在分離的方式，在方式，他們認為，在它們如何運作。 It’s profound, but it’s nothing new.它的深刻，但它的無新意。 We’ve been doing this for a long time.我們一直在這樣做的相當長的時間。
Reason : How would you describe your personal politics? 理由是 ：你會如何描述您的個人政治？
Burns : Liberal. 燒傷 ：自由。 Liberal to radical.自由激進。
I’m pretty fed up with what’s going on.我很漂亮的厭倦了什麼事情。
Reason : Is there any concrete policy you can think of that would lead to the more community-oriented style of policing you’ve described? 原因是 ：是否有任何具體的政策，你能想到這將導致更面向社區警務工作作風，您所描述的呢？
Burns : You would have to change the nature of the institution. 燒傷 ：你將不得不改變性質的機構。 You’d have to stop making it a numbers game.您必須停止使它成為數字遊戲。 Now, how do you do that with people who’ve been inculcated with this idea that it’s all about numbers?現在，你怎麼這樣做，與人誰一直灌輸這個概念，它的所有約號碼？ These guys have got computers, they’ve got charts, they’ve got all this kind of stuff, and it all revolves around locking people up.這些傢伙有電腦，他們已經得到圖表，他們已經得到這一切，種的東西，和它所有圍繞鎖的人。 Clearly, that’s not the way to go.顯然，這不是路要走。 But it’s how they sell themselves to politicians, and how they sell themselves to these community relation groups.但它的他們如何推銷它們自己的政治家，以及他們如何推銷它們自己的這些社會團體的關係。 This stuff is about locking people up.這東西是有關鎖的人。
The police should be focused on the most serious crimes, and in Baltimore the most serious crimes are murder, rape, and robbery.警方應集中於最嚴重的罪行，並在巴爾的摩最嚴重的罪行是謀殺，強姦和搶劫。 So you try to diffuse the other stuff, but you have to start putting your resources into those.因此，您嘗試瀰漫其他的東西，但你必須開始把您的資源投入那些。 Because if a person kills someone in the neighborhood, the neighborhood knows who did it.因為如果一個人殺死有人在居委會，居委會知道是誰沒有。 If the police don’t catch that person, and that guy’s walking around having beaten a murder, all the police credibility goes out the window.如果警方沒有趕上那人，並傢伙的走動擊敗一宗謀殺案，所有警察的公信力熄滅的窗口。
It’s the same thing if you go up on the corner and you roust an addict while the guy sitting across from the addict has a gun.它的同樣的事情如果你到了在角落和你roust一個吸毒者，而那個坐在對面的吸毒者有一支槍。 Everybody in the neighborhood knows he’s got the gun because he’s the bodyguard.每個人都在居委會知道他有槍，因為他的保鏢。 And you don’t grab him.你不抓他。 The people are thinking, well, maybe the dude is paying the police off.人民群眾是思想，那麼，也許dude正在警方小康。 Why else would they grab the harmless addict but not the guy with the gun?否則，為什麼他們會抓住無害的吸毒者，但不是的傢伙，槍呢？ Again, the problem is that the police are operating without information and playing to the numbers.再次，問題是，警方現正經營的信息和發揮的數目。 If I’m locking you up for petty stuff, you’re not going to be telling me shit.如果我鎖定您為零用的東西，您不是要告訴我， shit外圍。 If I’m locking you up two and three times a month, you’re especially not going to tell me anything.如果我是你鎖定了兩個和3倍，一個月您，尤其是不打算告訴我任何事情。
So how do you change all of this?所以你怎麼改變這一切呢？ You change the numbers game.你改變的數字遊戲。 You require police to reconnect with the people, and you start focusing everybody on the major crimes, the ones that make living very, very difficult—murder, rape, and robbery.您需要警方重新同人民群眾的，和你開始，大家重點就主要罪行，那些使生活非常，非常困難-謀殺，強姦和搶劫。
See More: 看到更多的： Drugs 藥物 USA News 美國新聞Have Your Say: The War on Drugs - ‘30 Years of Failure’ 你說：戰爭的藥物-' 30年失敗的'
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Posted: May 28th, 2008 at 7:56 pm | 發布時間： 2008年5月28日在下午7點56分| Link to this 鏈接到本
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This guy is REAL, the Wire is REAL, and the problems of my city (BALTIMORE)are very REAL and with the COB catering to the CityFAKEstat we will never never recover.這個傢伙是真實的，電線是真實的，問題我的城市（巴爾的摩）是非常真實和與芯照顧到cityfakestat ，我們絕不會從來沒有收回。 He hit it right on the nose about the numbers game it’s how they measure everything in this city!!他打的權利，鼻子有關的數字遊戲，它的他們如何衡量一切，在這個城市！