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Monday, April 28th, 2008 週一， 2008年4月28日

By通過 Naomi Spencer納奧米斯潘塞 | Internal emails from the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) turned over to a federal district court in San Francisco this week reveal that the agency’s mental health unit saw a staggering 1,000 suicide attempts every month among veterans receiving government care last year. |內部電子郵件從退伍軍人事務部（ VA部）移交給聯邦地方法院在美國舊金山，這週透露，該機構的心理健康組看到一個驚人的1000年企圖自殺，每一個月，其中退伍軍人接受政府照顧的去年。 emails also indicated that among all US veterans, the VA was aware of a suicide rate of 6,570 per year, or 18 suicides every day on average.電子郵件還表示，所有美國退伍軍人， VA部知道一個自殺率6570每年，或自殺，每18天就平均水平。

This figure—which corresponds to the suicide estimate CBS News arrived at independently last fall and which VA officials vehemently contested—further underscores the social costs of the occupations of Iraq and Afghanistan.這個數字相當於自殺，估計CBS新聞抵達獨立去年秋天和VA部官員強烈爭議-進一步強調了社會成本的職業伊拉克和阿富汗。 The emails also reveal the attitudes and policies of Bush administration and military officials regarding the suffering of veterans and the public’s right to know.電子郵件中也暴露出的態度和政策，布什政府和軍方官員就痛苦的退伍軍人和公眾的知情權。

The emails were reviewed by the federal District Court of Northern California on Monday, where a lawsuit against the VA is being heard.電子郵件進行了審查，由聯邦地方法院北加州對週一，凡起訴VA部正在審理。 The suit, brought by the veterans’ advocacy groups Veterans for Common Sense and Veterans United for Truth, is seeking to force a restructuring of the veterans’ medical system in light of an enormous backlog of healthcare claims, large numbers of suicides and cases of untreated mental trauma among military personnel returning from Iraq and Afghanistan.訴訟，所帶來的退伍軍人倡導團體的退伍軍人為普通常識和美國的退伍軍人，為真理，尋求武力的調整退伍軍人的醫療制度在根據一個巨大積壓的醫療索賠，大量的自殺案件未處理精神創傷之間的軍事人員返回伊拉克和阿富汗。

One of the most damning emails, made available by CBS on its web site April 21, was written by VA Mental Health director Ira Katz and headed with the subject line “Not for the CBS News Interview Request.”其中最嚴厲的電子郵件，提供了哥倫比亞廣播公司在其網站上4月21日，作者是VA部心理健康主任，愛爾蘭共和軍卡茨和為首的與主題行“不是為美國哥倫比亞廣播公司新聞採訪的要求” 。

Katz sent the message to the agency’s media relations chief February 13: “Shh!卡茨發出的信息是該機構的媒體關係，行政2月13日： “ shh ！ Our suicide prevention coordinators are identifying about 1,000 suicide attempts per month among the veterans we see in our medical facilities.我們的自殺預防協調員現正物色約1000企圖自殺，每月之間的退伍軍人，我們看到在我們的醫療設施。 Is this something we should (carefully) address ourselves in some sort of release before someone stumbles on it?”這是我們應該（小心）地址自己在某種釋放之前，有人就stumbles它“ ？

Everett Chasen, the VA’s chief communications officer, replied: “I think this is something we should discuss among ourselves, before issuing a release….埃弗里特在奇森， VA部的通信主任，回答說： “我認為這是我們應該討論我們之間，前發出新聞稿… … 。 It might be something we drop into a general release about our suicide prevention efforts, which (as you know far better than I) prominently include training employees to recognize the warning signs of suicide.”它可能是我們掉進一般發布關於我們的自殺預防工作， （如你所知遠勝一）突出包括培訓僱員承認警告標誌，自殺“ 。

In November, CBS News published the results of a study it commissioned of state-by-state death statistics for 2005.在11月， CBS新聞發表一項研究的結果，它委託國家，由國家死因統計， 2005年。 Among the 45 of 50 states for which data was returned, the study found that at least 6,256 veterans had committed suicide that year.其中45 50國的數據傳回，研究發現，至少有6256退伍軍人已自殺身亡這一年。

By the network’s calculations, 120 veterans took their own lives each week on average, or about 17 every single day.該網絡的計算， 120老兵了自己的生命，每星期就平均而言，或約17每一天。

At the time of the CBS report, Katz insisted that “Their number is not, in fact, an accurate reflection of the rate.” According to the network, three days after making this statement, Katz admitted in an email, “there are about 18 suicides per day among America’s 25 million veterans,” or about 6,570 per year.在的時候，美國哥倫比亞廣播公司報導，卡茲堅持認為， “他們的人數是沒有，事實上，準確地反映了利率。 ”據到網絡上，三天後，作此發言，卡茲承認，在電子郵件中， “有大約18自殺每天之間的美國的2500萬退伍軍人， “或約6570左右。 This figure, Katz wrote, “is supported by the CBS numbers.”這個數字，卡茨寫道： “是的支持，美國哥倫比亞廣播公司的數目” 。

In contrast, when asked by CBS why the military had not conducted a national study of suicides, Katz told the network, “There is no epidemic of suicide in the VA, but suicide is a major problem.”相反的，當問及由CBS為何軍方已沒有一個國家進行的研究自殺，凱茲說，網絡， “是沒有流行的自殺，在VA部，但自殺是一個重大的問題” 。

Another email exchange turned over to the court, between Katz and VA undersecretary Michael Kussman from December 15, further confirms that top VA officials knew the suicide rate they publicly disclosed was far lower than the actual rate.另一封電子郵件交流移交給法院之間，卡茨和VA副邁克爾庫斯曼從12月15日，進一步證實頂端VA部官員知道的自殺率，他們公開是遠遠低於實際利率。 Kussman wrote, “McClatchy [news agency] alleges that 18 veterans kill themselves everyday and this is confirmed by the VA’s own statistics.庫斯曼寫道， “已建立起[通訊社]指稱， 18歲的退伍軍人殺死自己的日常生活和證實了這一點由VA部自己的統計。 Is that true?這是真的嗎？ Sounds awful but if one is considering 24 million veterans.”聽起來可怕，但如果其中一個是考慮到2400萬退伍軍人“ 。

In his reply, Katz confirmed the validity of the reports and added that “VA’s own data demonstrate 4-5 suicides per day among those who receive care from us.”在他的答复，卡茨證實的有效性的報告和補充說： “ VA部自己的數據表明， 4月5日自殺，每天當中，誰照顧我們” 。

Yet on February 5, VA Secretary James Peake issued a letter to Congress stating that between October 2001 and December 2005, VA records indicated only 144 combat veterans of Iraq and Afghanistan had committed suicide.然而，於二月五日， VA部局長詹姆斯皮克發出一封函件，向國會說明2001年10月至2005年12月， VA部的記錄顯示只有144作戰的老兵，伊拉克和阿富汗已自殺身亡。 In March, the VA provided CBS data suggesting that among recently treated VA patients, there were 790 attempted suicides for 2007.今年3月， VA部提供的哥倫比亞廣播公司的數據表明，其中VA部最近治療的病人，有790企圖自殺，為2007年。

The disparity between the content of internal correspondence and public statements of VA officials suggests a cover-up.之間的差距的內容，內部函件和公開聲明的VA部官員建議，掩蓋了。 Indeed, in one email reviewed by the court, dated March 10, communications officer Chasen commented, “I don’t want to give CBS any more numbers on veterans suicides or attempts than they already have—it will only lead to more questions.”的確，在一個電子郵件法院重新審議， 3月10日，通訊幹事在奇森評論說， “我不想給哥倫比亞廣播公司的任何更多的號碼，退伍軍人自殺或企圖比他們已經有-它只會導致更多的問題” 。

Since Veterans for Common Sense and Veterans United for Truth filed suit against the government last July, the Bush administration has sought to have the case dismissed.由於退伍軍人共同意識和退伍軍人，美國為真理而提起訴訟，反對政府去年7月，布什政府已要求有案駁回。 According to the Justice Department, the advocacy groups did not have the right to sue because they were associations rather than individuals.根據司法部，倡導團體沒有權利控告，因為他們社團，而非個人。 The Justice Department further declared that veterans were not legally entitled to bring a class action lawsuit against the government.司法部還宣布退伍軍人沒有法律有權帶來的集體訴訟政府。 These arguments were rejected in district court, but it is likely that the administration will challenge any unfavorable ruling.這些論點，被拒絕在區域法院，但有可能是表示，政府當局將挑戰任何不利的裁決。

In court this week, VA officials were defensive about the agency’s mental health management system.在法庭上，這週， VA部官員防禦有關機構的心理健康管理制度。 In an opening statement Tuesday, Justice Department lawyer Richard Lepley told the court that medical claims have increased at the VA by 25 percent since 2001, from 675,000 to 838,000 in 2007.在開幕發言，週二，司法部律師理查德lepley告訴法庭，醫療費用報銷有所增加，在VA部由25 ％ ，自2001年以來，從675000到838000在2007年。 The defense maintained that this increase was mainly attributable to aging Vietnam veterans seeking medical care.國防部認為，這增加，主要是由於老化的越戰退伍軍人尋求醫療照顧。

Because of this increase, Lepley said, the VA had failed to reduce the long waiting period for claims processing as it had pledged to do last year.正因為如此增加， lepley說， VA部並沒有減少長期的等待期為索賠處理，因為它曾承諾在去年做的。 The agency had announced it would shorten the average processing time to 125 days.該機構曾宣布，它將縮短平均處理時間為125天。 According to Gordon Erspamer, an attorney representing the veterans’ groups, the VA takes as long as 15 years before compensating veterans for psychological disorders.據戈登erspamer ，律政司代表退伍軍人團體， VA部考慮，只要15年前，補償的退伍軍人為心理障礙。

Lepley told the court the VA currently took 185 days on average to attend to medical claims. lepley告訴法庭，婦聯，目前採取了185天，平均出席，以醫療費用報銷。 The defense called this processing time “reasonable.”美國國防部所謂的處理時間，這“合理” 。

Kerri Childress, a spokesperson for the California VA in attendance at the trial, told the New York Times Tuesday that, in the newspaper’s words, “News coverage from the current wars has also led to new mental health problems among Vietnam veterans.” Referring to the war in Iraq, Childress told the Times , “I don’t think anybody had any idea how long the war was going to go on,” adding that, as the paper put it, “there was no way to fully anticipate the demand for medical care from Vietnam veterans.” kerri Childress ） ，一位發言人加州VA部在出席在審判時，告訴紐約時報星期二，在報紙上的話， “新聞報導從目前的戰爭還導致了新的精神健康問題之間的越戰退伍軍人” 。在談到伊拉克戰爭， Childress ）告訴紐約時報 ， “我不認為任何人有任何的想法如何，只要戰爭持續下去， ”補充說，作為該文件提出， “有沒有辦法充分預期需求的醫療照顧，由越戰退伍軍人“ 。

The connection between the brutality of war, especially colonial war, and psychological trauma is historically well established.之間的聯繫，殘酷的戰爭，尤其是殖民戰爭，和心理創傷是歷史上早已確立。 Moreover, it is widely acknowledged among sections of the military brass that current US forces are being stretched to the breaking point, and the entire political establishment agrees that the so-called “war on terror” and particularly the occupation of Iraq are intentionally open-ended.此外，人們普遍承認，各款之間的軍事黃銅，目前美軍正在伸展到突破點，和整個政治成立同意認為，所謂的“反恐戰爭” ，尤其是對伊拉克的佔領是有意開放結束。

A multitude of social problems and military policies account for the large number of suicides among returning Iraq and Afghanistan veterans: the recruitment of soldiers with preexisting psychological problems, long and repeated deployments, widespread reliance upon anti-depressants and other drugs to dull mental trauma, as well as the underfunding of post-deployment mental health care and the stigmatization of mental illness within the military.眾多的社會問題和軍事政策的帳戶，為大自殺人數的返回伊拉克和阿富汗的退伍軍人：招募士兵與原有的心理問題，長期和反复的部署，廣泛依賴抗憂鬱症藥物和其他藥物，以呆板的精神創傷，以及由於資金不足，部署後的心理保健和輕蔑的精神病與軍事。 Fundamentally, however, both the mounting social crisis among returning veterans and the VA’s negligence have their source in the nature of the war itself.從根本上說，然而，無論安裝的社會危機之間的返回退伍軍人和VA部的疏忽，其來源在戰爭的性質本身。

In light of the publication of the VA internal emails, Senate Democrats have called for the resignation of Mental Health director Katz.在根據公佈的VA部的內部電子郵件，參議院民主黨人要求辭職的心理健康主任凱茲。 On Wednesday, during a Veterans’ Affairs committee hearing, Washington Democratic Sen. Patty Murray told VA officials that the agency faced a credibility crisis.對週三，在退伍軍人事務委員會的聽證會上，華盛頓民主黨參議員派蒂美利說， VA部官員表示，該機構面臨的信譽危機。 “The culture of the VA has to change…. “文化的VA部已改變… … 。 The whole culture is repressing information.整個文化是鎮壓的信息。 We are not your enemy.我們不是你的敵人。 We are your support system.”我們是您的支持系統“ 。

Katz was not present at the hearing.卡茨當時並不在場，在聽證會上。 Deputy VA secretary Gordon Mansfield offered to “apologize for the implications here,” but denied that the agency made any effort to stonewall or obfuscate suicide data. VA部副部長戈登曼斯菲爾德提供的“道歉的影響，這裡” ，但無可否認，該機構作出的任何努力，石牆或模糊的自殺數據。

VA personnel undersecretary David Chu suggested that although suicides have increased, it was “good news” that the rate was lower than the national average. VA部人事副朱幼麟認為，雖然自殺事件有所增加，這是“好消息”指出，率低於全國平均水平。 This is a gross distortion.這是一個嚴重的失真。 The CBS News survey found that among veterans aged 20-24, the suicide rate was between 2.5 and 4 times higher than for non-veterans of the same age.美國哥倫比亞廣播公司新聞調查發現，退伍軍人，其中20-24歲，自殺率是介乎於2.5和4倍，高於非退伍軍人，同一年齡。 For a subgroup of the population that is young, fit and ostensibly screened for mental problems, the suicide rate is alarmingly high—between 23 and 33 per 100,000 young veterans killed themselves in 2005.為一個分組的人口是年輕人，適合表面上進行篩選，精神有問題，自殺率是高得驚人-介乎二十三和百分之三十三十萬青年退伍軍人死亡，自己在2005年。

On April 17, the RAND Corporation think-tank released a study that found symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or major depression among 300,000 returned military personnel—nearly a fifth of all those who have served in Iraq and Afghanistan. 4月17日，蘭德公司的智囊型發表的一項研究，發現症狀，創傷後應激障礙（創傷後應激障礙）或主要抑鬱症，其中30.0萬歸僑軍事人員-近五分之一的所有這些服務，誰在伊拉克和阿富汗。

Based on interviews of 1,965 service members from 24 areas throughout the US, the study found that of those reporting PTSD or depressive symptoms, only 53 percent have sought treatment for their trauma.基於對1965年的服務，成員來自24個地區在整個美國，研究發現，那些報告創傷後應激障礙或抑鬱症狀，只有53 ％ ，已尋求治療他們的創傷。

The RAND survey also found that 19 percent of returned veterans—320,000 individuals—had experienced possible traumatic brain injury (TBI), called the “signature wound” of the Iraq occupation because of the frequency of improvised explosive devices, the primary cause of active-duty troop brain injuries.蘭德調查還發現， 19 ％的歸僑，退伍軍人- 320000個人-經歷過可能創傷性腦損傷（ TBI的） ，所謂的“簽名的傷口”對伊拉克的佔領，因為頻率的簡易爆炸裝置，首要原因主動責任部隊腦損傷。 According to the report, “Of those reporting a probable TBI, 57 percent had not been evaluated by a physician for brain injury.”根據該報告， “這些報告可能TBI的， 57 ％沒有得到評估，由醫生為顱腦損傷” 。

Despite the fact that the VA has handled some 300,000 cases from Iraq and Afghanistan, the RAND findings suggest that the majority of mentally traumatized veterans go without care.儘管事實是VA部處理一些三十點○萬案件從伊拉克和阿富汗，蘭德公司調查結果顯示，大部分弱智創傷的退伍軍人沒有去照顧。 Furthermore, the report notes, “Even when individuals receive care, too few receive quality care.此外，該報告指出， “即使當個人得到照顧，太少，獲得優質的服務。 Of those who have a mental disorder and also sought medical care for that problem, just over half received a minimally adequate treatment.這些誰有精神錯亂，也尋求醫療照顧這個問題，剛好超過半數收到了最低限度適當的治療。 The number who received quality care (ie, a treatment that has been demonstrated to be effective) would be expected to be even smaller.”有多少誰收到的優質醫護服務（即，待遇已被證明是有效的）會預計將在更小的“ 。

See More: 看到更多的： USA News 美國新聞

Have Your Say: Emails suggest cover-up of Vets suicide rate 你說：電子郵件建議包括成立獸醫自殺率
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