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Νέα σφαιρική ανάδυση ενεργειακής διαταγής
Σάββατο, 28η Ιουνίου 2008
IPS | Με τη συγκέντρωση των παραγωγών και των καταναλωτών παγκόσμιου κυριότερων πετρελαίου σε Jeddah, η Σαουδική Αραβία χαρακτήρισε μια κρίσιμη καμπή στις διαπραγματεύσεις για μια νέα σφαιρική ενεργειακή διαταγή που προκύπτει κάτω από το βάρος των πετώντας στα ύψη τιμών του πετρελαίου, οι οποίες οδηγούνται από τους παράγοντες εκτός από την προσφορά και τη ζήτηση. «Θα μπορούσε να ρωτηθεί εάν τα 140 δολάρια ανά τιμή βαρελιών μπορούν να συζητηθούν μεταξύ του ΟΠΕΚ (ο Οργανισμός Πετρελαιοπαραγωγών Κρατών), ο νέος δράστης, το οποίο είναι σφαιρικό κεφάλαιο, και οι κυβερνήσεις της ομάδας των οκτώ (βιομηχανικές δυνάμεις),» Víctor Poleo, ένας της Βενεζουέλας καθηγητής των διαβαθμισμένων μελετών στην οικονομία πετρελαίου, σχολίασαν IPS. Την Πέμπτη, οι τιμές του ακατέργαστου πετρελαίου έσπασαν μέσω του δολαρίου 140 ένα εμπόδιο βαρελιών για πρώτη φορά. Η τιμή του πετρελαίου «δεν μπορεί πλέον να υπαγορευθεί από το ΟΠΕΚ, επειδή μια σημαντική μερίδα της τιμής θα φαινόταν να υπακούει τους νόμους αγοράς που δεν είναι του δικοί,» εν λόγω Poleo. Η Σαουδική Αραβία αντιλαμβάνεται «την αρχή ενός σταδίου μετάβασης σε μια νέα διαταγή δύναμης στο σύστημα παγκόσμιας ενέργειας,» πρόσθεσε. Κατά την άποψη Poleo, «το σφαιρικό ενεργειακό σύστημα βεβαιώνει την εμφάνιση μιας νέας διαταγής. Στον παλαιό, κάτω από το ΟΠΕΚ, το επίπεδο τιμών αιωρήθηκε περίπου 70 δολάρια ένα βαρέλι στο νέο σύστημα, η αύξηση είναι του ίδιου μεγέθους,» και των αποφάσεων που λαμβάνονται από τη Σαουδική Αραβία «μέρος μορφής των νέων διαπραγματεύσεων.» Ο άτυπος Ιουν. η συνεδρίαση 22 των αντιπροσώπων των κυβερνήσεων και των σημαντικότερων επιχειρήσεων πετρελαίου στη σαουδαραβική πόλη Jeddah απαίτησε περισσότερη επένδυση στην ακατέργαστη παραγωγή, καθώς επίσης και τη μεγαλύτερη διαφάνεια στις αγορές πετρελαίου, όπου τα μέλλοντα που κάνουν εμπόριο βοηθούν να οδηγήσουν τις τιμές επάνω. Ο παραγωγός και τα καταναλωτικές έθνη και οι επιχειρήσεις θα συναντηθούν πάλι στη Μαδρίτη την προσεχή εβδομάδα, στο 19$ο συνέδριο παγκόσμιου πετρελαίου, και στα τέλη του 2008 στο Λονδίνο. Ο υπουργός της Ισπανίας Εμπορίου και της βιομηχανίας Miguel Sebastián είπε ότι «μετά από να απολαύσουν 15 έτη χαμηλών τιμών, οι οικονομίες μας έχουν γίνει εθισμένες στο πετρέλαιο, και ο κόσμος δεν προετοιμάζεται για την πρόκληση μιας σταθερής ανόδου στις τιμές.» «Η φύση είναι γενναιόδωρη με τα μέλη του ΟΠΕΚ,» είπε τον υπουργό, «αλλά εκείνο το δώρο υπονοεί την ευθύνη όσον αφορά τη σφαιρική οικονομία,» και πρέπει να βελτιώσουν την προσφορά τους, ενώ οι βιομηχανικές χώρες «πρέπει να πραγματοποιήσουν μια σε βάθος μεταρρύθμιση των αγορών προϊόντων για να αποφύγουν τις θεωρητικές φυσαλίδες.» OPEC is made up of Algeria, Angola, Ecuador, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates and Venezuela, which account for over 75 per cent of global proven oil reserves. Referring to the Jeddah meet, the Caracas newspaper El Nacional pointed out that the “father of OPEC”, Venezuelan lawyer Juan Pablo Pérez Alfonzo, proposed half a century ago the creation of an organisation of producers and consumers that would regulate the world oil market. The corporations that controlled the oil business, known back then as the “seven sisters”, scorned the proposal, and Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait and Venezuela went on to found OPEC in 1960 in Baghdad. At the time, Venezuela was the world’s leading oil exporter, a position that was taken over and has been held for decades by Saudi Arabia, which sent from Jeddah a message to its fellow OPEC members that it will not favour a rise in prices, as indicated by its unilateral decision to boost output from 9.5 to 9.7 million barrels a day as of July. Perhaps for that reason, to show that Riyadh is not the only voice within the oil cartel, Algerian Oil Minister and OPEC President Chekib Khelil said in Europe that oil prices were likely to reach 150 to 170 dollars a barrel this summer. But if, for example, the crisis over Iran’s nuclear programme leads to a suspension of that country’s oil production, which currently stands at 4.4 million barrels a day, there would be serious shortages and prices could climb to 300 or 400 dollars, said Khelil. Meanwhile, Shokri Ghanem, the head of Libya’s National Oil Corporation, said his country was studying the possibility of cutting output to protest a bill under debate in the U.S. Congress that would empower the Justice Department to sue OPEC members for limiting oil supplies. “We are studying all the options,” he said. “There are threats from the Congress and they are taking OPEC to court, extending the jurisdiction of the U.S. outside” that country’s borders. Libya is also fighting a U.S. law that allows the families of victims of state-sponsored terrorism to go to court and seek the seizure, as punitive damages and compensation, of any asset owned by the terrorist-sponsoring country, or of money from those governments that is held by U.S. companies doing business with them. These remarks pushed prices up to a record high above 142 dollars a barrel by Friday. Although Libya only produces 1.8 million barrels a day, equivalent to two percent of global demand, every barrel matters when it comes to price fluctuations. OPEC Secretary General Abdalla Salem el-Badri said the organisation planned to invest 160 billion dollars over the next five years to raise production by five million barrels a day. The members presently pump 32 million barrels a day, while global demand amounts to 86 million barrels. Venezuelan expert Pablo Hernández Parra says the world will need more than 92 million barrels a day by early next decade, of which OPEC will not be able to provide more than 38 million barrels, while the rest of the world’s producers will provide around 49 million. OPEC will not be able to fill the shortfall of several million barrels a day, because it has falsified data on its members’ oil reserves and capacity to expand production. “The only solution is a new association aimed at reducing current energy consumption and preserving what is left of the environment,” said Hernández Parra. U.S. economist Joseph Stiglitz, winner of the 2001 Nobel Prize for economics, wrote earlier this month that “Only new patterns of consumption and production — a new economic model — can address that most fundamental resource problem. “Two factors set off today’s crisis: the Iraq war contributed to the run up in oil prices, including through increased instability in the Middle East, the low cost provider of oil, while biofuels have meant that food and energy markets are increasingly integrated,” he added. “America’s subsidies for corn-based ethanol contribute more to the coffers of ethanol producers than they do to curtailing global warming,” he complained, after arguing that “rich countries must reduce, if not eliminate, distortional agriculture and energy policies, and help those in the poorest countries improve their capacity to produce food.” For poor countries, the steady rise in oil prices has taken on nightmare proportions. At the start of the Jeddah meeting, Saudi Arabia’s King Abdullah suggested that OPEC create a one billion dollar fund to compensate poor countries for the rising price of oil. The situation in Latin America was illustrated by Dominican Finance Minister Vicente Bengoa, who said that “in 2004, the oil bill was covered by the remittances sent home from Dominicans abroad, with 560 million dollars left over, while this year remittances are expected to run to 1.9 billion dollars, compared to an oil bill of 4.5 billion.” The big oil companies, in the meantime, are raking in tens of billions of dollars each. With these profits, said Poleo, global capital is financing its positioning with regard to the shifts occurring in the global energy scenario. The price bubble continues to swell, to the benefit of these interests, although analysts like Alexander Green, investment director at the Oxford Club, a private, international network of investors, say oil prices will inevitably come down. “Yes, speculative fever has gripped the oil market. This bull is likely to end up just like those in the ring in Mexico City. Current oil prices are simply unsustainable,” Green wrote recently. “That doesn’t mean that oil is going to plunge today or tomorrow. Indeed, it could keep rising for quite some time. After all, you cannot make a rational judgment about when irrational behaviour will end. But oil prices will come back down. And that will be positive for both the economy and the stock market,” he concludes. See More:Oil World NewsHave Your Say: New Global Energy Order Emerging Please note, only selected comments will be published. Or discuss this report in our new forums This entry was posted on Saturday, June 28th, 2008 at 4:47 am and is filed under Business News . You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site. |
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