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全球性民意測驗顯示美國的寬不信任
星期四， 2007年6月28日
美國的不信任橫跨世界增強了，但美國的整體看法在一次主要國際民意調查勘測的25 47個國家中依然是非常或有些有利在多數人之中，座位研究中心報告的星期三。 「反美語自2002年以來加深了，但它真正地未加寬」，主任說安德魯Kohut，座位全球性態度項目的。 「它在美國的歐洲盟友之中在回教世界惡化了并且是非常，非常壞。 但仍然有美國的一個有利看法在許多非洲國家，並且在`新的歐洲』和遠東」。 但是，多數在許多國家拒绝當前美國的主要板條。 對外政策和明確厭惡為美國風格的民主，被發現的勘測。 全世界應答者不僅要華盛頓拉扯美國。 隊伍在伊拉克外面「儘快」，而且在阿富汗尋找一個迅速末端到美國人和北約軍事干涉，現在它的第六年。 民意測驗發現了增長的謹慎性往其他主要力量。 對中國的經濟和軍事的關心在許多國家也許已经損害了它的形象，被發現的座位，并且對俄國的Vladimir ・ Putin的總統信心尖銳下降了。 勘測，進行在4月和5月，是顯然最大的座位執行了自2002年以來，蓋47個國家在歐洲，亞洲、中東、非洲和美洲和估計超過45,000個人觀點。 它發現對全球性變暖的關心在最近五年巨大增加了。 「大多公民在全球性勘測同意環境在麻煩，并且多數責備美國，并且，對much more被限制的程度，中國」，座位認為。 伊朗的消極看法在幾乎所有國家被勘測的表達的巨大反對增強了，包括在某些個回教國家、座位被發現和應答者到德黑蘭的獲取的核武器。 當勘測包括問題時的一個寬廣的範圍，它密集地集中於美國的世界的圖像， 2002年是主要正面的-對美國人的反射的全球性同情在9月以後。 11, 2001, terror attacks on New York and Washington - but has declined steeply since 2003, when the Bush administration decided to invade Iraq. Over the last five years, favorable ratings of the United States have decreased “in 26 of the 33 countries for which trends are available,” Pew said. Confidence in President George W. Bush, which was already sagging, has dropped further in most countries over the past year, as the Iraqi quagmire has deepened and the world’s reprobation has increased. “Global distrust of American leadership is reflected in increasing disapproval of the cornerstones of U.S. foreign policy,” Pew said in its report on the findings. Former Secretary of State Madeleine Albright, co-chair of the Pew Global Attitudes Project, linked this development directly to the Iraq war. “I think Iraq will go down in history as the greatest disaster in American foreign policy,” she said. The poll found that: Majorities in 43 of the 47 countries surveyed want a quick U.S. troop withdrawal from Iraq. In the United States, 56 percent express this opinion. The exceptions are Ghana, Israel, Kenya and Nigeria. Majorities or pluralities in 40 countries also want U.S. and North Atlantic Treaty Organization troops out of Afghanistan as soon as possible. This view, strongest in the Muslim world, was also held in many NATO member countries, notably Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Spain and Turkey. Support for America’s so-called war on terrorism has plummeted since 2002, especially in Europe, where U.S. practices against inmates at the Guant?namo Bay and Abu Ghraib prisons have been harshly condemned. There is a widespread perception that the United States acts unilaterally in making international policy decisions. This view is especially powerful in Europe, shared by 90 percent in Sweden, 89 percent in France, and 70 percent or more in Britain, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Germany, Russia, Slovakia and Spain. A full 83 percent of Canadians believe that their neighbor to the south ignores their interests. Middle Easterners overwhelmingly share this view, as do many Asians, including South Koreans and Japanese. Majorities in most every country believe that the United States promotes democracy mostly where it serves American interests. Only in Nigeria did many say they believe that the United States “promotes democracy wherever it can.” This, according to Pew, helps explain why American ideas about democracy are rejected by vast numbers around the globe. The exception is sub-Saharan Africa, where the majority approves of American-style democracy in all countries polled except Tanzania. But elsewhere, majorities or pluralities in all but four survey countries excluding the United States itself - China, Israel, South Korea and Japan - say they dislike American ideas about democracy. The country where America’s image is worst is Turkey, a NATO ally, where only 9 percent now have a favorable view, down from 52 percent before the United States went into Afghanistan in late 2001. In Germany, traditionally one of the closest U.S. allies, only 30 percent now have a positive view, down from 78 percent before Bush took office in January 2001. There has been serious slippage as well in Britain, America’s most reliable ally and its chief partner in the war in Iraq. A slim majority of Britons - 51 percent - now hold favorable views of the United States, down from 75 percent in 2002, before the Iraq invasion. The picture is more complex with China, which is viewed favorably in more than half of the survey countries, particularly in Africa - where the Chinese have been investing heavily - and in Asia, excluding Japan. At the same time, the Pew report said, “China’s expanding economic and military power is triggering considerable anxiety.” Russia wins mixed reviews, with West Europeans largely unfavorable while opinions are split in Eastern Europe, the Middle East, Asia and Latin America, and generally positive in Africa, Canada and the United States. With Putin’s grip tightening over pipelines to the West, dependence on Russia for energy supplies is worrying many Europeans, Pew found, with majorities expressing concern in Britain, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Slovakia and Ukraine. Confidence in Putin’s leadership has plummeted in Europe since 2003, as has confidence in Bush. In contrast, Chancellor Angela Merkel of Germany enjoys high levels of confidence in Europe, although Middle Easterners - including Israelis and Palestinians - do not trust her on foreign affairs. Asked about the crisis in the Middle East, Western publics were generally optimistic that a solution can be found that accommodates the needs of both Israelis and Palestinians, and Israelis also took that view. But Arabs in the region were pessimistic, with more than 70 percent in Egypt, Jordan, Kuwait and the Palestinian territories believing that “the rights and needs of the Palestinian people cannot be taken care of as long as the state of Israel exists.” Have Your Say: Global poll shows wide distrust of United States Please read our posting guidelines before posting. Alternatively you can discuss this report here. Related News
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