Autism Risk Linked to Distance From Power Plants自闭症的风险联系在一起的距离发电厂
By Leslee Dru Browning | How do mercury emissions affect pregnant mothers, the unborn and toddlers?由leslee dru褐变|如何做的汞排放的影响孕妇，胎儿和幼儿？ Do the level of emissions impact autism rates?这样做的排放水平的影响，自闭症利率？ Does it matter whether a mercury-emitting source is 10 miles away from families versus 20 miles?是否无论汞的排放源是10英里远离家庭银两20英里呢？ Is the risk of autism greater for children who live closer to the pollution source?是风险更大的自闭症儿童谁更接近生活污染源？
A newly published study of Texas school district data and industrial mercury-release data, conducted by researchers at The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, indeed shows a statistically significant link between pounds of industrial release of新出版的研究德克萨斯州的学区的数据和工业汞释放的数据，所进行的研究人员在得克萨斯大学健康科学中心在圣安东尼奥，的确显示了统计学之间的联系英镑的工业释放 mercury汞 and increased autism rates.并增加自闭症的利率。 It also shows — for the first time in scientific literature — a statistically significant association between它还表明-为第一次在科学文献-统计学之间的联系 autism自闭症 risk and distance from the mercury source.风险和距离的水银来源。
“This is not a definitive study, but just one more that furthers the association between environmental mercury and autism,” said lead author Raymond F. Palmer, Ph.D., associate professor of family and community medicine at the UT Health Science Center San Antonio. “这不是一个明确的研究，但只是一更认为，进一步加强了协会之间的环境汞和自闭症，说： ”主要作者，何锺泰楼帕尔默，博士，副教授，家庭和社区中医药在对健康科学中心三安东尼奥。 The article is in the journal Health & Place .文章是在杂志上健康与地点 。
Dr. Palmer, Stephen Blanchard, Ph.D., of Our Lady of the Lake University in San Antonio and Robert Wood of the UT Health Science Center found that community autism prevalence is reduced by 1 percent to 2 percent with each 10 miles of distance from the博士帕尔默，斯蒂芬布兰查德，博士研究生，我们的圣母湖大学在圣安东尼奥和罗伯特木材的对健康科学中心发现，社区自闭症的流行是减少1 ％至2 ％ ，与每10英里的距离从 pollution污染 source.来源。
“This study was not designed to understand which individuals in the population are at risk due to mercury exposure,” Dr. Palmer said. “这项研究的目的，并非要了解个人在人口处于危险，由于汞暴露， ”博士帕尔默说。 “However, it does suggest generally that there is greater autism risk closer to the polluting source.” “不过，这的确暗示，一般有更大的自闭症的风险接近污染的来源” 。
The study should encourage further investigations designed to determine the multiple routes of mercury exposure.该研究应鼓励进一步的调查旨在确定的多重路线，汞暴露。 “The effects of persistent, low-dose exposure to “的影响，持续，低剂量接触 mercury pollution汞污染 , in addition to中，除了 fish consumption鱼类消费 , deserve attention,” Dr. Palmer said. ，值得关注的， “博士帕尔默说。 “Ultimately, we will want to know who in the general population is at greatest risk based on genetic susceptibilities such as subtle deficits in the ability to detoxify heavy metals.” “最终，我们会想知道谁在一般人口中是最大的风险基于遗传易感性等微妙的赤字的能力，解毒重金属” 。
The new study findings are consistent with a host of other studies that confirm higher amounts of mercury in plants, animals and humans the closer they are to the pollution source.新的研究结果是一致的，与许多其他的研究证实，较高的索赔额中汞的植物，动物和人类密切，他们是污染源。 The price on children may be the highest.价格对儿童可能是最高的。
“We suspect low-dose exposures to various environmental toxicants, including mercury, that occur during critical windows of neural development among genetically susceptible children may increase the risk for developmental disorders such as autism,” the authors wrote. “我们怀疑，低剂量暴露在各种环境毒物，其中包括汞，期间发生的重要的Windows的神经发展之间的基因易感儿童可能会增加风险，为发展障碍，如孤独症， ”作者写道。
Study highlights 研究重点
* Mercury-release data examined were from 39 *汞释放数据研究分别来自39 coal-fired power plants燃煤电厂 and 56 industrial facilities in Texas.和56的工业设施在德克萨斯州。
* Autism rates examined were from 1,040 Texas school districts. *自闭症研究利率分别来自1040年德克萨斯州学区。
* For every 1,000 pounds of mercury released by all industrial sources in Texas into *每1000磅的汞所发表的所有工业来源在德克萨斯州到 the environment环境 in 1998, there was a corresponding 2.6 percent increase in autism rates in the Texas school districts in 2002.在1998年，有一个相应的2.6 ％的增长，自闭症率在得克萨斯州学区在2002年。
* For every 1,000 pounds of mercury released by Texas *每1000磅的汞公布的得克萨斯州 power plants发电厂 in 1998, there was a corresponding 3.7 percent increase in autism rates in Texas school districts in 2002.在1998年，有一个相应的3.7 ％的增长，自闭症率在得克萨斯州的学区在2002年。
* Autism prevalence diminished 1 percent to 2 percent for every 10 miles from the source. *自闭症的患病率减少1 ％至2 ％为每10英里，从源头上。
* Mercury exposure through fish consumption is well documented, but very little is known about exposure routes through air and ground water. *汞暴露，通过鱼类消费是有案可稽的，但很少是已知的约暴露途径，通过空气和地下水。
* There is evidence that children and other developing organisms are more susceptible to neurobiological effects of mercury. *有证据表明，儿童和其他发展中国家的生物体更容易受到影响的神经生物学的汞。
Implications 影响
“We need to be concerned about global “我们需要关心全球 mercury emissions汞排放 since a substantial proportion of mercury releases are spread around the world by long-range air and ocean currents,” Dr. Palmer said.由于相当比例的汞排放是蔓延世界各地的长程空气和洋流， “博士帕尔默说。 “Steps for controlling and eliminating mercury pollution on a worldwide basis may be advantageous. “步骤，为控制和消除汞污染对全球的基础上可能有利的。 This entails greener, non-mercury-polluting technologies.” The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) estimated environmental mercury releases at 158 million tons annually nationwide in the late 1990s, the time period studied by the Texas team.这就需要绿化，无汞污染技术“ ，美国环境保护署（ EPA ）估计，环境汞的排放在一万五千八点零零零万吨每年在全国范围内，在20世纪90年代末，时间内，研究了得克萨斯州队。 Most exposures were said to come from coal-fired utility plants (33 percent of exposures), municipal/medical waste incinerators (29 percent) and commercial/industrial boilers (18 percent).大部分的风险，据说是来自燃煤公用事业植物（ 33 ％的风险） ，市政/医疗废物焚化炉（ 29 ％ ）和商业/工业锅炉（ 18 ％ ） 。 Cement plants also release mercury.水泥厂也释放汞。
With the enactment of clean air legislation and other measures, mercury deposition into the environment is decreasing slightly.与通过清洁空气的立法和其他措施，汞沉积到环境是略有下降。
Limitations 限制
Dr. Palmer and his colleagues pointed out the study did not reflect the true community prevalence rates of autism because children younger than school age are not counted in the Texas Education Agency data system.博士帕尔默和他的同事们指出，这项研究并没有反映真实社会的患病率自闭症的儿童，因为年轻，比学龄不计入在得克萨斯州教育机构的数据系统。 The 1:500 autism rates in the study are lower than the 1:150 autism rates in recent reports of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.该1:500自闭症率在研究低于1:150自闭症的利率在最近的报告，美国疾病控制中心和预防工作。
Furthermore, the authors note that distance was not calculated from individual homes to the pollution source but from central points in school districts that varied widely in area.此外，作者指出，距离没有计算从个别安老院污染源，但由中央点在学校地区的差别很大，在面积。
Data sources 数据来源
Data for environmentally released mercury were from the United States Environmental Protection Agency Toxics Release Inventory.数据环境释放汞分别来自美国环境保护局的有毒物质释放库存。 Data for releases by coal-fired power plants came from the same inventory and from the Texas Commission for Environmental Quality.数据发布由燃煤发电厂来自同一清单，并从得克萨斯州委员会环境质量。 Data for school district autism came from the Texas Education Agency.数据为学区自闭症来自得克萨斯州的教育机构。
Journal Reference and Source: 杂志的参考和资料来源：
Palmer, RF, et al., Proximity to point sources of environmental mercury release as a predictor of autism prevalence.帕尔默，射频，等人，靠近点源的环境汞释放作为一个预测自闭症的患病率。 Health & Place (2008), doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2008.02.001.健康与地方（ 2008 ） ，土井： 10.1016/j.healthplace.2008.02.001 。
The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (2008, April 25) (德州大学健康科学中心在圣安东尼奥（ 2008年4月25日） （ (http://www.newswise.com/articles/view/5… （ http://www.newswise.com/articles/view/5 … ) ）
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2 Responses to “Autism Risk Linked to Distance From Power Plants” 2反应“自闭症的风险联系在一起的距离发电厂”
Bill 帐单
Posted: May 30th, 2008 at 6:21 pm | 发布时间： 2008年5月30日在下午6时21分| Link to this 链接到本Angela 安吉拉
Posted: May 31st, 2008 at 12:28 pm | 发布时间： 2008年5月31日在下午12时28分| Link to this 链接到本Reply回复What are you suggesting, Bill that we institutionalize all our autistic kids?什么是您的建议，条例草案，我们制度化，我们所有的自闭症的孩子呢？ I don’t get your last comment.我没有得到你的最后一个评论。 I live in an area where mysteriously, the water doesn’t freeze, but turns a nice luminescent green in the winter and even closer is the Bayer plant that is heavily guarded and for which no visits are allowed nor are there any published phone numbers or any links on the web for additional information.我住在一个神秘的地方，水不冻结，但转好发光的绿色在冬季和更紧密的是拜耳的植物是戒备森严，并针对那些没有安排任何访问，也不是不允许有任何公布的电话号码或任何链接在互联网上的其他信息。 Get with the program, Man!!得到与计划，男子！
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There was an article in “Wired” a while back which noted the concentration of autism in Silicon Valley, and Rochester Minnesota, both areas where “Nerd Engineers” make their home and their living (not to mention all of the nurses capable of passing chemistry working at the Mayo Clinic).有一篇文章在“有线”一回，而其中指出浓度的自闭症，在硅谷，和罗彻斯特明尼苏达州，这两个地区的“老古板工程师” ，使他们的家和他们的生活（更不用提，所有的护士能够通过化学工作在Mayo Clinic的） 。 I have read many anecdotes about the high rates of Asperger’s among engineers, (I estimate about 1/4 of engineers), and everywhere I have worked, my peer engineers have had autistic children.我已看过许多轶事约率高的轻的，其中工程师， （我估计约1 / 4工程师） ，和我到处都工作了，我同侪的工程师已自闭症儿童。 so it would seem that near every power plant you would have a disproportionate population of engineers, and thus a cluster of autism cases, so why would you blame autism on mercury, when there is actually much less mercury in the environment than in years past?因此，似乎附近的每一个火电厂，你将有一个不成比例的人口的工程师，因此一组自闭症的案件，为什么你会责怪自闭症对汞，当有其实是少得多汞在环境中比在过去几年里呢？ We used to have coal furnaces in our basements, my son’s turn of the previous century home still has coal dust on all of the floor joists, and we didn’t have an epidemic of autism then.我们使用的有煤火炉，在我们的地下室，我儿子的之交，上个世纪首页仍然有煤尘对所有的楼托梁，和我们没有流行的自闭症。 If you think there has been an uptick in autism, ask yourself- when was the last time your community had to increase the number of beds in the facilities which are caretakers for the autistic and the retarded?如果你觉得有一种福特公司尽管在自闭症，问问自己-当是最后一次您的社会，以增加病床数目，在该设施是管理员为自闭症及智障？