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 | Translate: 翻译：               Alistair Darling and the implosion of the Labour government阿利斯泰尔达林和内爆的工党政府 Saturday, September 6th, 2008 周六， 2008年9月6日 By通过 Chris Marsden克里斯马斯登 | The August 30 Guardian interview with Britain’s Chancellor Alistair Darling was extraordinary in many respects. | 8月30日监护人访谈与英国的大臣阿利斯泰尔达林是不平凡的，在许多方面。 In the first place there can be few occasions that so dramatically reveal the sense of profound crisis within ruling circles in Britain.摆在首位，可以有几次这样显着，揭示意识，深刻的危机，执政党的各界人士在英国。 Darling admitted to Decca Aitkenhead that the economic times we are facing “are arguably the worst they’ve been in 60 years… And I think it’s going to be more profound and long-lasting than people thought.”达林承认decca艾特肯黑德认为，经济时代的我们正面临“可以说是最严重的，他们已经在60年…我认为这将是更为深刻和持久的比人以为” 。 Within 24 hours, he was accused of undermining confidence in Britain’s economy to such an extent that the pound hit a record low against the euro and a two-year low against the dollar.在24小时内，他被指控破坏的信心，在英国的经济以这样的程度，认为英镑达到创纪录的低，对欧元和一个为期两年的低对美元的汇率。 The FTSE 100 shares index also fell sharply.金融时报100股指数也大幅下跌。 Darling had committed the cardinal sin of stating openly, if still guardedly, that economically things are really bad and likely to get worse.达林已承诺辛海梅的公开说明，如果仍然谨慎，即在经济上的东西，真的是不好，可能会变得更糟。 His choice of 60 years was somewhat arbitrary.他所选择的60年是有点武断。 He could not mention the 1970s as many have done without raising the spectre of mass movements of workers bringing down governments.他可以不提20世纪70年代正如许多人所做的没有提高的幽灵群众运动的工人使各国政府。 And references to the hungry thirties were similarly beyond the pale.和参考，以饥饿三十人，同样超出了苍白。 But even such a partial acknowledgement as his was considered a serious blunder, even though only last week the Bank of England’s deputy governor, Charles Bean, had warned that the economy is facing a period “at least as challenging” as the 1970s.但即使是这样一个局部的承认，他被视为严重的失误，即使只有上周英格兰银行的副省长，查尔斯菜豆，曾警告说，经济正面临一个时期“ ，至少挑战”作为20世纪70年代。 Ian Stannard, a senior currency strategist at BNP Paribas, told the press, “Most people believed that things were probably deteriorating faster in the UK than the government was admitting, but the fact that we’ve seen the chancellor come out and admit that things are far worse have put sterling under pressure.”伊恩斯坦纳德，一名高级货币策略师在法国巴黎银行，新闻界说， “大多数人都认为，事情可能恶化的速度更快，在英国超过政府承认，但事实上，我们已经看到校长出来承认的东西，更糟的是到目前为止，已英镑的压力下“ 。 The reaction was swift from both the government and the media.反应迅速，由双方政府和媒体。 Prime Minister Gordon Brown instructed Darling to make a humiliating explanation of how he had been misinterpreted and was in fact focusing on the “unique problems” facing the “global economy.” Brown’s own speech to the Confederation of British Industry delivered Thursday was leaked in advance, in which he again emphasised that the problems facing Britain are international in origin, centering in the credit crunch, and that Britain was in fact well-placed to weather any downturn.总理兼财政大臣布朗指示达林作出侮辱性解释了他如何被误解，并在事实上，着眼于“独特的问题”所面临的“全球经济” 。布朗的讲话，以自己的邦联英国工业交付周四被泄露在前进，他在其中再次强调，所面临的问题，英国在国际原产地，围绕在信贷紧缩，并认为英国是在事实上，良好的位置，天气任何逆转。 One senior Labour figure declared baldly to the Guardian , “Alistair must be insane.一名高级劳工的数字，宣布baldly向监护人 ， “阿利斯泰尔必须疯狂。 There is no rhyme, nor reason why he would want to talk like that.” The Financial Times declared scathingly that his “prognosis” on the economy “is too bleak,” whereas his fretting about the state of the Labour government “is nowhere near bleak enough.”有没有押韵，也没有原因，他将要谈这样的。 “ 金融时报宣布猛烈，他的”预后“对经济的”太暗淡“ ，而他的微动有关国家的工党政府”是行不通的近暗淡的不够“ 。 The ferocity of the reaction to Darling’s comments itself belies such efforts to belittle his estimation of the gravity of the economic crisis.该凶残的反应达林的评论本身belies这种努力，以贬低他估计，严重的经济危机。 Even as they were being made, reports were published that the British economy was at a standstill in the second quarter of the year, after a revision of figures wiped out the 0.2 percent growth reported earlier.甚至，因为他们正在作出的报告，公布指出，英国经济处于停滞状态，在今年第二季度，经过修订的数字，打掉了0.2 ％ ，增长此前报道。 The number of permanent jobs available had also plunged to its lowest level since 2001, with unemployment rising by about 70,000 this year and predicted to hit two million by Christmas.数目永久职位也跌至最低水平，自2001年以来，失业率上升了约7.0万，今年预计达到200.0万圣诞节。 The manufacturing sector shrank for the fourth month in a row.制造业则减少为4个月，在一排。 Mortgage approvals fell to 33,000 in July, the lowest since data was first collected in 1993, with the number of new mortgages issued down 71 percent in a year.按揭贷款的审批，下跌至33000在7月以来的最低点的数据最初收集在1993年，随着一些新的抵押贷款发出下跌71 ％ ，在一年内。 House prices fell in August for the eleventh consecutive month and are now falling at an annual rate of over 10.5 percent.房价下跌，在8月为第十一届，连续一个月，并正在下降，在每年的增长率超过10.5 ％ 。 Even as Darling was being decried for his candor by the Telegraph , the newspaper published an estimate by one of Britain’s foremost economists and former Bank of England policymaker, Charles Goodhart that “Britain is now facing a severe recession which will last for a year or longer and a worse housing crash than in the early 1990s”.即使达林被谴责，他坦言，由电报 ，报纸发表的估计之一，英国的首要经济学家和前英国央行决策者，查尔斯古德哈特认为， “英国正面临一个严重的经济衰退将持续了一年或更长和更坏的房屋坠毁，比20世纪90年代初“ 。 Two days later, the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) predicted recession for Britain, even while the other G7 countries will see either modest growth or a standstill.两天后，组织，经济合作与发展组织（经合组织）预测经济衰退对英国来说，即使在其他七国集团国家会看到无论是温和增长或停滞状态。 If all that Darling’s interview confirmed was the dire state of the economy it would be interesting enough.如果所有的宠儿的采访时证实，是可怕的经济状况，这将是令人感兴趣的不够的。 But the chancellor’s comments provided a revealing glimpse into the deep sense of crisis gripping a Labour government that is on the verge of implosion.但校长的意见提供了一个揭示一瞥深的危机感，吸引人的劳工，政府是对濒临爆。 His interview reads like a cry of despair by someone who does not want to carry the can for Labour’s failure, but apart from this sees no way out.他采访的内容像一个绝望的呼声，有人谁不想随身携带可以为劳工的失败，但除了这个认为是没有出路的。 Labour’s worship of the market 劳工的崇拜市场 The government’s mantra, echoed here by Darling, that it is merely the victim of an unfavourable international situation should be opposed on many fronts.政府的口头禅，呼应这里的宠儿，它仅仅是受害者不利的国际形势，应反对在许多战线上。 New Labour earned its place in power by breaking with reformism and embracing Thatcherite economic nostrums.新的劳动赢得了发生在权力，打破与改良主义和概括性的thatcherite经济nostrums 。 It was the political vehicle through which big business set out to impose a discredited economic and political agenda on a hostile population.这是政治的车辆通过，其中大企业列施加抹黑经济和政治议程上的敌对人口。 With the Conservatives hated and unelectable after 18 years in power, it was Labour under Tony Blair and Gordon Brown that came in to continue where Margaret Thatcher and John Major had left off.与保守派仇视和unelectable 18年后在电力，这是劳工处处长根据托尼布莱尔和财政大臣布朗表示，来继续在那里撒切尔和梅杰离开了小康。 Labour insisted that capitalism was not only triumphant, but that there was also no alternative to it.劳工坚持认为，资本主义不仅是胜利，但也有没有其他选择。 It was the best of all possible worlds, provided only that government abandon all attempts at national regulation and recognise the economic and political imperatives of globalised capitalist production and the need to be internationally competitive.这是最好的一切可能的世界，只提供政府放弃所有企图在国家调控的认识到经济和政治的迫切需要全球化的资本主义生产，并必须具有国际竞争力。 To this end old-style reformism must give way to government in partnership with corporate management, wholesale privatization of state assets and public services and unbridled speculation by the City of London presided over by a Bank of England set free from governmental control.为此旧型改良主义必须让路给政府建立伙伴关系，与企业管理，批发私有化的国有资产和公共服务以及肆无忌惮的投机活动，由伦敦金融城主持了由英伦银行订定，不受政府控制。 Above all workers should heed the message from the government and their allies in the trade union leadership—that the class struggle was a thing of the past and participation in creating a globally efficient economy would raise all boats.上述所有工人应重视的讯息，由政府和他们的盟友在工会的领导，即阶级斗争是一个过去的事和参与，创造一个有效率的全球经济将提高所有船只。 For ten years, this provided the ideological justification for Labour facilitating by every possible means a historically unprecedented transfer of societal wealth to the super-rich.为十年，这提供了思想理由劳工提供便利，千方百计了历史上前所未有的转移社会财富的超级富豪。 With the actual wages and purchasing power of working people in constant decline, and vital social services being gutted, Labour became ever more alienated from its former working class supporters.与实际工资和购买力，劳动人民在不断下降，以及重要的社会服务，被烧毁，劳工成为越来越疏离，其前工人阶级的支持者。 But it was able to maintain power to the extent that a speculative boom in house prices and a flood of credit allowed people to live well beyond their actual means.但它能够保持权力的程度，投机的繁荣，房价和洪水的信贷，使人们的生活远远超出他们的实际手段。 Once this speculative boom burst internationally, it was inevitable that it would hit the British economy hardest of all and would signal the end of the Labour government.一旦这个投机热潮水管爆裂，在国际上，这是无可避免的，它将打击英国经济最困难的所有信号，并会结束工党政府。 The biographical material on Darling contained in Aitkenhead’s interview is sketchy, but revealing in painting a portrait of someone who was an ideal New Labour apparatchik.简历材料的新宠载于艾特肯黑德的访谈是粗略的，但暴露在画的画像，有人谁是一种较理想的新的劳工apparatchik 。 She notes that while “A blaze of glitzier New Labour stars have since fallen… Darling survived, accumulating five ministerial posts on a stainless ascent to the exchequer last year.她指出，虽然“大火的glitzier新的劳工星级以来，已下跌了…亲爱的生存，积累了5部长职位对不锈钢上升到去年的国库。 His career had been distinguished by an almost freakish absence of failure.他的职业生涯已经由一个杰出的freakish几乎没有失败的。 He has never lost an election, he joined the front bench after just 12 months in parliament, and 20 years later he has never left.他从未失去了一个选举，他参加了接待台后，仅仅12个月里在议会，并在20年后，他从未离开过。 Only two other members of that first cabinet, Gordon Brown and Jack Straw, are still in government with Darling today.”只有两个其他成员认为，第一次内阁财政大臣布朗和大臣施仲宏，仍然是在政府与达林今天“ 。 This rise to prominence is incredible because Darling’s own statements make clear that he is a political zero—someone with no connection to the Labour Party, old-style reformist socialism or the working class.这引起了突出的是令人难以置信的宠儿，因为自己的声明作出明确表示，他是一个政治零有人没有连接到劳工党，旧型的改革派社会主义或劳动阶层。 Both his grandfathers were Liberals, his great-uncle a Tory MP in Edinburgh, and his father, a civil engineer, voted Conservative.他的祖父被民主派人士，他的大伯父一保守党国会议员在爱丁堡，和他的父亲，一位土木工程师，投反对票保守。 He was educated at a private boarding school before studying law at Aberdeen where he stood for election in the student union, “but not for a party.”他是受过教育的一个私人寄宿学校学习法律之前，在香港仔，他主张在选举学生会“ ，但不是为一党” 。 He only joined the Labour Party 1977.他才加入劳工党的77年。 This was a year during which Labour was in coalition with the Liberals and imposing IMF-dictated austerity measures that met with fierce resistance from the working class and ended with the 1979 “Winter of Discontent” and the election of the Conservatives.这是一个年期间，劳工是在联军与自由派和施加货币基金组织支配的紧缩措施会见了激烈抵抗，从工人阶级和结束与1979年“冬天的不满”和选举的保守派。 Darling’s response?达林的回应？ “The Labour government in 1977 was in a terrible mess, and I was getting fed up looking at all these things on the television, and thinking, God, surely we can do better than that. “工党政府在1977年，是在一个可怕的一塌糊涂，我越来越厌倦了看所有这些东西在电视，与思考，上帝，当然，我们可以做的更好一点。 I wanted to do things.我想的事。 But I was never really interested in the theory of achieving things, just the practicality of doing things.”但我是从来就没有真正有兴趣的理论实现的事情，只是实用性做事“ 。 Later he tells Aitkenhead, “He doesn’t call himself a socialist—‘There’s nothing wrong with the term, it’s just not one I use’—and feels uncomfortable with political labels.后来，他告诉艾特肯黑德， “他不自称社会主义- 'there的没有错，与来说，它的正义不是我use'和感觉不舒服，与政治标签。 Class envy is a mystery to him; he sees no point in raising taxes for the super rich, because, he says, it wouldn’t raise much revenue.阶层羡慕的是一个谜给他，他看不出一点在加税为超级丰富的，因为，他说，它不会提高多少收入。 ‘I’m not offended if someone earns large sums of money. '我没有得罪，如果有人赚取巨额金钱。 Is it fair or not?这是否公平或不？ It’s just a fact of life.’ Asked to define his politics, he offers, ‘Pragmatic’.”这只是生活中的事实。 '问界定他的政治上，他的优惠， '务实' “ 。 The party’s over 党的超过 Like his colleagues, it was precisely Darling’s “pragmatism,” his hostility to socialism, absence of “class envy” and relaxed approach to fabulous private wealth that made him so successful for so long.像他的同事们，正是宠儿的“务实” ，他的敌视社会主义，没有“一类令人羡慕的”和放宽的做法，以精彩的私人财富，使他成功了这么久。 He was ideal material for government as far as the Labour Party and its backers were concerned because was ready to do whatever he was told, unencumbered by any extraneous ideological baggage.他的理想材料，为政府而言，由于劳工党及其支持者关注，因为准备为所欲为，他被告知，不受任何外在的思想包袱。 He was in effect a true and unalloyed believer in capitalism.他实际上是一个真实而纯粹的信奉资本主义。 That is why, as he states, “For 10 years as a minister, by and large I had a charmed life.”这就是为什么，因为他国， “ 10年作为一个部长，和大我有魅力的生活” 。 And that is also why all this changed by the time of that fateful day in June last year when he was appointed chancellor by Brown, as Labour was attempting to distance itself from the Iraq war and the sordid record of Blair’s premiership.和这也是为什么这一切都改变了的时候，那个灾难性的一天在去年6月，当他被任命为校长布朗，因为劳工是企图以本身的距离，从伊拉克战争和龌龊的纪录，布莱尔的超级联赛。 Instead, as his wife states, his life has been “a crisis a week.”相反，作为他的妻子，他的生命已被“危机一周” 。 In an extraordinary passage, he states that although “we knew the economy was going to slow down”: “he hadn’t the faintest inkling of the financial crisis about to unfold before him.在不平凡的通过，他说，虽然“我们知道当时的经济持续放缓” ： “他不是faintest inkling的金融危机即将展开在他面前。 ‘No, no one did. '不，没有人离开房间。 No one had any idea’.”没有人有任何想法“ 。 “He can clearly recall the day last summer when alarm bells first began to sound. “他可以清楚地记得，去年夏天的一天，当敲响了警钟首先开始健全。 The chancellor was on holiday with his wife and their two teenage children in Majorca.施罗德是在假期与他的妻子和他们的两名十几岁的儿童在马约尔。 ‘I remember I picked up the FT in the supermarket, as you do, and it had the European central bank starting to put money into the economy. '我记得我拿起了英尺 ，在超级市场，正如你做的，它有欧洲中央银行的开始把钱存进经济。 I phoned the office to ask why they were doing quite so much. i打电话到办公室询问他们为什么这样做相当这么多。 It didn’t surprise me that money was going in—there was concern going around—but it was the sheer scale of it.它没有惊喜我说，钱是准备在-有人担心，前往靠近，但是这是纯粹的规模。 I said, what about our institutions?我说，什么对我们的机构？ This was when Northern Rock started to figure.”这是时， Northern Rock的开始，以数字“ 。 “Even then,” Aitkenhead continues, “the gravity of the credit crunch was still not fully clear. “即使在当时， ”艾特肯黑德继续说： “严重的信贷紧缩是尚未完全清楚。 ‘No one knew how serious it was yet’,” she quotes Darling saying. '没有人知道有多严重，这是尚未' ， “她行情达林说。 What then is the future for a party that was so enamoured of capitalism that the man it appointed as chancellor was apparently so blissfully unaware of an unfolding financial disaster sweeping the world economy?那么，未来的一个党是这样迷恋资本主义的，该名男子，它任命为校长，显然与幸福，所以不知道一开展金融灾难席卷世界经济？ Aitkenhead states that today, “the mood is so febrile, it’s even possible he won’t be chancellor by the time this interview appears.”艾特肯黑德指出，今天， “心情是如此发热，它甚至有可能他将不会校长由时间，这次采访中出现的” 。 As for Darling, he doesn’t want a cabinet reshuffle that may see him replaced—“Frankly, if you had a reshuffle just now, I think the public would say, Who are they anyway?至于亲爱的，他不希望内阁改组可能看到他取代- “坦白说，如果你有改组，只是现在，我觉得市民会说，他们是谁吗？ You name me a reshuffle that ever made a difference to a government, actually.” Nor does he want a leadership challenge against Brown, even though he makes clear he has little hope of winning the next election.你的名字我一个改组以往任何时候都作出了差异，以一个政府，实际上是“也不是他希望有一个领导对布朗的挑战，即使他作出明确表示，他已希望渺茫赢得下次选举。 “This coming 12 months,” he declares, “will be the most difficult 12 months the Labour party has had in a generation, quite frankly. “这未来12个月内， ”他宣称， “将是最困难的12个月，劳工党已在一代人，坦白说。 Both the general economic situation, and in terms of the politics.双方的一般经济情况，并在条款的政治。 In the space of 10 months we’ve gone from a position where people generally felt we were doing OK to where we’re certainly not doing OK.在太空的10个月的我们已经经历了一个由位置，人们普遍认为，我们正在做的确定在何处，我们当然不会做确定。 We’ve got to rediscover that zeal which won three elections, and that is a huge problem for us at the moment.我们必须重拾认为，热诚赢得三次选举，这是一个巨大的问题，我们于11.942美元。 People are pissed off with us.”人民是pissed小康，与我们“ 。 Whatever Darling might wish for, there is little chance that Brown will survive the next months unscathed, less chance still that Labour will win an election under any leader whatsoever, and a distinct possibility of the party imploding.无论达林不妨为，有机会不大，布朗将生存，未来几个月完好无损，少的机会，仍然是劳工将赢得选举下，任何领导人的话，和一个独特的可能性，党的内爆。 As if to underline such political realities, even as the government was attempting to recover from the damage inflicted by Darling the former home secretary Charles Clarke was busy telling the BBC that Labour is facing “utter destruction” at the polls and insisting that Brown must either improve the standing of Labour within a few months or resign as prime minister.至于如果要强调这样的政治现实，即使政府正在试图恢复所造成的破坏是由达林前内政大臣克拉克忙告诉BBC说，劳工正面临“彻底毁灭”在投票中，坚持布朗必须要么改进常委会的劳动了数个月或辞职，担任总理。 Have Your Say: Alistair Darling and the implosion of the Labour government 你说：阿利斯泰尔达林和内爆的工党政府 Please read our请阅读我们的 posting guidelines before posting发布指引，然后再发布 . 。 Alternatively或者 you can discuss this report here您可以讨论此报告在这里 . 。 2 Responses to “Alistair Darling and the implosion of the Labour government” 2反应“阿利斯泰尔达林和内爆的工党政府”
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Well done Mick.做得好米克。 I was just about to…..我只是要… ..
It deserves the front page.它是值得的头版。