Pentagon Targeted Iran for Regime Change after 9/11五角大樓針對伊朗進行政權更替後， 9 / 11
By通過 Gareth Porter加雷思波特 | Three weeks after the 9/11 terror attacks, former US Defence Secretary Donald Rumsfeld established an official military objective of not only removing the Saddam Hussein regime by force but overturning the regime in Iran, as well as in Syria and four other countries in the Middle East, according to a document quoted extensively in then Undersecretary of Defence for Policy Douglas Feith’s recently published account of the Iraq war decisions. |三週後， 9 / 11恐怖襲擊事件，美國前國防部長拉姆斯菲爾德成立了一個正式的軍事目的，不僅消除薩達姆政權，但用武力推翻伊朗政權，以及在敘利亞和其他四個國家在該中東，據一份文件引述了廣泛的，然後副國防部政策道格拉斯費思的帳戶最近發表的對伊拉克戰爭的決定。
Feith’s account further indicates that this aggressive aim of remaking the map of the Middle East by military force and the threat of force was supported explicitly by the country’s top military leaders.費思的帳戶進一步表明，這一侵略目的，重塑地圖中東武力和武力威脅的支持，明確由國家的最高軍事領導人。
Feith’s book, “War and Decision”, released last month, provides excerpts of the paper Rumsfeld sent to President George W. Bush on Sep. 30, 2001 calling for the administration to focus not on taking down Osama bin Laden’s al Qaeda network but on the aim of establishing “new regimes” in a series of states by “aiding local peoples to rid themselves of terrorists and to free themselves of regimes that support terrorism.”費思的書， “戰爭與決定” ，上月公佈的規定，摘錄的文件，拉姆斯菲爾德發送給美國總統布什9月30日， 2001年，要求政府當局把重點放在對不採取下跌拉登的基地組織網絡，但目的是建立“新政權”在一系列的國家“協助當地人民擺脫恐怖分子，並免費自己的政權支持恐怖主義” 。
In quoting from that document, Feith deletes the names of all of the states to be targeted except Afghanistan, inserting the phrase “some other states” in brackets.在引述該文件，刪除費思的名字，所有的國家的目標，除了阿富汗，插入短語“其他一些國家”在方括號中。 In a facsimile of a page from a related Pentagon “campaign plan” document, the Taliban and Saddam Hussein regimes are listed as “state regimes” against which “plans and operations” might be mounted, but the names of four other states are blacked out “for security reasons”.在一份傳真中的一個網頁，從一個相關的五角大樓“運動計劃”的文件，塔利班和薩達姆政權被列為“國家制度”對“計劃和行動”可能展開，但姓名，其他四個國家是停電“出於安全原因” 。
Gen. Wesley Clark, who commanded the NATO bombing campaign in the Kosovo War, recalls in his 2003 book “Winning Modern Wars” being told by a friend in the Pentagon in November 2001 that the list of states that Rumsfeld and Deputy Secretary of Defence Paul Wolfowitz wanted to take down included Iraq, Iran, Syria, Libya, Sudan and Somalia.將軍韋斯利克拉克，誰指揮的北約轟炸運動，在科索沃戰爭中，回憶他在2003年出版的“打贏現代戰爭的”告訴一個朋友，在五角大樓在2001年11月的國家名單中，拉姆斯菲爾德和副書記，國防保羅沃爾福威茨要採取下跌，包括伊拉克，伊朗，敘利亞，利比亞，蘇丹和索馬里。
Clark writes that the list also included Lebanon.克拉克寫道，名單還包括黎巴嫩。 Feith reveals that Rumsfeld’s paper called for getting “Syria out of Lebanon” as a major goal of US policy.費思透露，拉姆斯菲爾德的文件，要求獲得“敘利亞離開黎巴嫩”作為一個主要的目標，美國的政策。
When this writer asked Feith after a recent public appearance which countries’ names were deleted from the documents, he cited security reasons for the deletion.當筆者問費思，經過近期公開露面，哪些國家的名字被刪除的文件，他提到了安全的理由刪除。 But when he was asked which of the six regimes on the Clark list were included in the Rumsfeld paper, he replied, “All of them.”但是當他被問及哪六個制度對克拉克的名單被包括在拉姆斯菲爾德的文件，他回答說： “他們都” 。
Rumsfeld’s paper was given to the White House only two weeks after Bush had approved a US military operation in Afghanistan directed against bin Laden and the Taliban regime.拉姆斯菲爾德的文件是考慮到白宮只有兩個星期後，布什已經批准了美國在阿富汗的軍事行動是針對本拉丹和塔利班政權。 Despite that decision, Rumsfeld’s proposal called explicitly for postponing indefinitely US airstrikes and the use of ground forces in support of the anti-Taliban Northern Alliance in order to try to catch bin Laden.儘管這一決定，拉姆斯菲爾德的建議，所謂的明確無限期推遲美國的空襲和使用地面部隊在支持反塔利班的北方聯盟，以便設法趕上拉登。
Instead the Rumsfeld paper argued that the US should target states which had supported anti-Israel forces such as Hezbollah and Hamas.相反，拉姆斯菲爾德的文件指出，美國應該對目標國一直支持反以色列的勢力，如真主黨和哈馬斯。 It urged that the United States “[c]apitalize on our strong suit, which is not finding a few hundred terrorists in caves in Afghanistan, but in the vastness of our military and humanitarian resources, which can strengthen the opposition forces in terrorist-supporting states.”它敦促美國“ [中] apitalize對我們的強有力的配合，這是沒有找到一個幾百在山洞裡的恐怖分子在阿富汗，但在浩瀚我們的軍事和人道主義資源，它可以加強在反對勢力的恐怖主義，支持國家“ 。
Feith describes the policy outlined in the paper as consisting of “military action against some of the state sponsors and pressure — short of war — against others”.費思介紹了概述的政策在文件中，作為構成“軍事行動，對一些國家的提案國和壓力-短期的戰爭-對他人”。
The Rumsfeld plan represented a Pentagon consensus that included the uniformed military leadership, according to Feith’s account.拉姆斯菲爾德的計劃，代表了五角大樓的共識，其中包括穿著制服的軍事領導人，根據費思的帳戶。 He writes that the process of drafting the paper involved consultations with the outgoing Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Gen. Henry Shelton and the incoming Chairman Gen. Richard Myers.他寫道，起草過程中的文件所涉及的磋商與即將卸任的參謀長聯席會議上將謝爾頓和新任主席邁爾斯將軍。
Myers helped revise the initial draft, Feith writes, and Gen. John P. Abizaid, who was then director of the Joint Staff, enthusiastically endorsed it in draft form.邁爾斯幫助修改的初步草案，費斯寫道，將軍約翰阿比扎伊德頁，誰當時的主任聯合參謀，積極贊同，它以草案形式。 “This is an exceptionally important memo,” wrote Abizaid, “which gives clear strategic vision.” In a message quoted by Feith, Abizaid recommended to Myers that “you support this approach”. “這是一個非常重要的備忘錄中寫道， ”阿比扎伊德“ ，使清晰的戰略眼光。 ”在一個信息中所引述的費思，阿比扎伊德建議邁爾斯說： “你支持這種做法” 。
After the invasion and occupation of Iraq in 2003, Abizaid was promoted to become chief of CENTCOM, with military responsibility for the entire Middle East.在入侵和佔領之後，伊拉克在2003年，阿比扎伊德升任成為行政的centcom ，與軍事的責任，整個中東地區。
Neither Myers nor Abizaid, both of whom are now retired from the military, responded to e-mails asking for their comments on Feith’s account of their role in the process of producing the Rumsfeld strategy.既不是邁爾斯，也不阿比扎伊德，他們兩人現在已退休的從軍事，作出回應，電子郵件，要求他們的意見對費思的帳戶，他們的作用，在生產過程中拉姆斯菲爾德的戰略。
Rumsfeld’s aides had also drafted a second version of the paper, as instructions to all military commanders in the development of “campaign plans against terrorism”.拉姆斯菲爾德的助手曾還起草了第二個版本的文件，指示所有的軍事指揮官的發展“運動的計劃，打擊恐怖主義” 。
That instructions document was a joint effort by Feith’s office and by the Strategic Plans and Policy directorate of Abizaid’s Joint Staff.指示文件是一份共同的努力，費思的辦公室和戰略規劃和政策的首長級人員阿比扎伊德的合辦工作人員。 It followed the broad outlines of the paper for Bush, arguing that the enemy was a “network” that included states that support terrorism and that the Defence Department should seek to “convince or compel” those states to cut their ties to terrorism.它遵循了廣泛概述了該文件為布什，認為敵人是一個“網絡” ，其中包括國家支持恐怖主義，並認為國防部應設法“說服或迫使”這些國家脫鉤恐怖主義。
The Pentagon guidance document called for military commanders to assist other government agencies “as directed” to “encourage populations dominated by terrorist organizations or their supporters to overthrow that domination”.五角大樓的指導性文件，所謂的軍事指揮官，以協助其他政府機構的“指示”到“鼓勵人口為主的恐怖組織或他們的支持者認為，推翻統治” 。
That language was adopted because the campaign planning document was issued as “Strategic Guidance for the Defense Department” on Oct. 3, 2001 — just three days after the Rumsfeld strategy paper had gone to the president.語文獲得通過，因為該運動的規劃文件印發“的戰略指導國防部”對2001年10月3日-僅僅三天之後，拉姆斯菲爾德的戰略文件已經向總統。
Bush had not approved the explicit aim of regime change in Iran, Syria and four other countries proposed by Rumsfeld.布什沒有批准明確的目的，改變政權在伊朗，敘利亞和其他四個國家所提出的拉姆斯菲爾德。 Thus Rumsfeld adopted the aggressive military plan targeting multiple regimes in the Middle East for regime change even though it was not White House policy.因此，拉姆斯菲爾德通過侵略性的軍事計劃配置多個政權在中東地區的政權更替，即使這是不是白宮的政策。
The Defence Department guidance document made it clear that US military aims in regard to those states would go well beyond any ties to terrorism.國防部指導性文件，明確提出美國的軍事目標方面，這些國家將會遠遠超出了任何關係，以恐怖主義。 The document said that the Defence Department would also seek to isolate and weaken those states and to “disrupt, damage or destroy” their military capacities — not necessarily limited to WMD.文件說，美國國防部也將謀求孤立和削弱這些國家和“擾亂，破壞或摧毀”他們的軍事能力-不一定限於大規模殺傷性武器。
The document included as a “strategic objective” a requirement to “prevent further attacks against the US or US interests”.該文件包括作為“戰略目標”的要求，以“防止發生進一步攻擊美國或美國的利益” 。 That language, which extended the principle of preemption far beyond the issue of WMD, was so broad as to justify plans to use force against virtually any state that was not a client of the United States.語文，延長了先發製人的原則，遠遠超出了問題，大規模殺傷性武器，是如此廣泛，以證明計劃動武，幾乎任何國家，這是不是一個客戶端的美國。
The military leadership’s strong preference for focusing on states as enemies rather than on the threat from al Qaeda after 9/11 continued a pattern of behaviour going back to the Bill Clinton administration (1993-2001).軍方領導層的強烈傾向於把重點放在國家的敵人，而非威脅來自蓋達組織後， 9 / 11持續的行為模式回到條例草案克林頓政府（ 1993-2001 ） 。
After the bombing of two US embassies in East Africa by al Qaeda operatives, State Department counter-terrorism official Michael Sheehan proposed supporting the anti-Taliban Northern Alliance in Afghanistan against bin Laden’s sponsor, the Taliban regime.之後，轟炸美國大使館二，在東非由蓋達組織操作工，美國國務院反恐怖主義官員邁克爾希恩建議支持的反塔利班北方聯盟在阿富汗對拉登的贊助商，塔利班政權。 However, senior US military leaders “refused to consider it”, according to a 2004 account by Richard H. Shultz, Jr., a military specialist at Tufts University.然而，美國高級軍事領導人“拒絕考慮” ，根據一項2004年的帳戶，由理查德每小時舒爾茨，小，軍事專家在塔夫茨大學。
A senior officer on the Joint Staff told State Department counter-terrorism director Sheehan he had heard terrorist strikes characterised more than once by colleagues as a “small price to pay for being a superpower”.一位高級官員對聯合的工作人員說，美國國務院反恐怖主義主任希恩，他聽到恐怖襲擊的特點是多過一次，同事，作為一個“小的代價，作為一個超級大國” 。
*Gareth Porter is an historian and national security policy analyst. *加雷思波特是一個歷史學家和國家安全政策分析師。 The paperback edition of his latest book, “Perils of Dominance: Imbalance of Power and the Road to War in Vietnam”, was published in 2006.平裝版的他的最新著作， “危險的優勢：權力不平衡和道路在越南戰爭” ，這是2006年出版。
See More: 看到更多的： Iran 伊朗 World News 世界新聞Have Your Say: Pentagon Targeted Iran for Regime Change after 9/11 你說：五角大樓針對伊朗進行政權更替後， 9 / 11
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